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- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
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Establishing common primary data for environmental overview of product life cycles. Users, perspectives, methods, data and information systems
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes how information about the environmental performance of products over their life cycles can be accessed anywhere and by any stakeholder throughout the product life cycle. Particular consideration has been given to different ways of performing a life cycle assessment (LCA). The report covers different users of environmental product information, the various methods and tools used to produce and disseminate that information, and the primary data needed for those methods and tools. The report also outlines an information system organisation for potential use as a cooperative approach to supporting stakeholders of product life cycles with environmental information. Chapter 2 contains a comprehensive (albeit not exhaustive) list of perspectives from which a stakeholder may environmentally view and assess products. A number of examples are given to describe reasons people have in practice for applying each perspective. The intention is to ensure that users find the methods and tools in chapter 3 to be truly relevant. Chapter 3 lists and presents methods and tools for assessing environmental performance, for acquiring information about environmental impacts, and for providing information on environmental properties of products. Particular emphasis is placed on the different types of LCA that have been identified, how they differ, how to use them, and their differing data requirements. Chapter 4 lists and presents the data and information that are used or produced by the methods and tools described in Chapter 3. This chapter includes discussion of data availability, data quality issues and data formatting. Chapter 5 proposes an information system organisation and design taking into account all perspectives and practical needs as described in Chapter 2, as well as all information and data issues described in Chapter 4. Particular attention is paid to the need for compatibility with existing systems, the technical and economic feasibility of building small systems instead of large ones, and the necessity of a short payback time for all investments, particularly those in the private sector. In chapter 6 the authors present outline recommendations for further work.
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- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing common product life cycle data
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings from LCM 2005, 2nd International Conference on Life Cycle Management, Barcelona, September 5-7, 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Erlandsson, Markus, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Standards and tools for eco-efficient rail vehicle design
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Conference on Eco-Efficiency, 1-3 April 2004, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through the EU-project REPID the railway industry takes a big leap forward, towards a solution to the issue of introducing Design for Environment (DfE) in the development of the future rolling stock. The REPID (Rail sector framework and tools for standardising and improving usability of Environmental Performance Indicators and Data formats) project is an implementation of the successful FP5-project RAVEL (RAil VEhicLe eco-efficient design). Both UIC and UNIFE are partners in REPID, with the aim to reach a practical agreement on a set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs), a practically useful and common material list, and an open data format for data exchange. The standardisation of EPIs and data format within the railway industry is a prerequisite to achieve meaningful and comparable measurement and communication of environmental performance.In the REPID project a design supportive software application is implemented by SEMCON Sweden. This application is used to analyse eco-efficiency of the design of trains and train-components, in terms of the standard-EPIs. The application can be integrated with existing product management systems, which is a prerequisite to achieve a widespread acceptance of its use in the daily work. In the REPID project, integration with the CAD-tool CatiaV5 has been used as a showcase. The basis in the REPID methodology is the common EPIs for communication and measurement of environmental performance. The common set of defined indicators is based on the policies of the rail operators and manufacturers. The EPIs provide support for both external communication of environmental requirements and performance between customers and suppliers, as well as internal communication between different functions within the company. For each design project, environmental targets expressed in terms of quantitative target values of the indicators are set for the product. These target values can then be compared to calculated values of the actual environmental performance for the design. The quantitative measurements of the environmental performance are based on the well-defined common material properties for all the materials in the standardised material list. These material properties are aggregated according to calculation rules that are specified for each indicator. The material list and material property definitions have been developed through a systematic procedure and data management process by the Department of Industrial Environmental Informatics (IMI) at Chalmers University of Technology. The material property data needed for the calculations have also been acquired in accordance with a data management process including documentation, review and quality assessment. IMI is also responsible for maintenance of the DfE-methodology. By using the standardised EPIs and data format the railway industry takes a giant leap towards better environmental performance and will continue to walk at the head of eco-efficient transportation.
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- Erlandsson, Markus, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from data management within the industry driven cooperation CPM
- 2005
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Ingår i: CILCA conference, San Jose, Costa Rica, April 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish national competence center CPM (Center for environmental assessment of Product and Material systems) has since the start in 1996 been a meeting place where industry and academy cooperate in the development and implementation of tools and methods for sustainable development. Evaluations of the center have shown that the results are feasible and of highest international standard.The usage of environmental assessment results for decisions with significant economic consequences, require transparent well documented data where the assessment results can be verified. The knowledge on what data actually represents furthermore facilitates reuse of information. The fact that the data inventory always is a very costly part when performing environmental assessments call for an approach to regard acquired data as a long term investment. Despite data should be of recent date. Many of the companies within the center such as ABB, Akzo Nobel and SCA have for a long time been working actively with these data quality issues. They are now using assessment results for decision-making with confidence, as the transparency makes it possible to verify and interpret the information behind the result. The documentation of the data makes it also possible to use the information in different contexts than it originally was collected for. Within the center there have also been examples of companies that prioritized a quick start up of their environmental work. These companies found that the results from assessments did not meet the requirements on data for using it for sharp decisions, and they were furthermore not able to reuse earlier work on introduction of new staff. These companies have now changed their information management. Through the years the members of CPM have gained a lot of knowledge on cost-efficient data management which now is an important information source for other companies in the world.
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