| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Bridel, Claire, et al.
(författare)
-
Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 76:9, s. 1035-1048
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been compared systematically to date.Objectives To assess the associations of age, sex, and diagnosis with NfL in CSF (cNfL) and to evaluate its potential in discriminating clinically similar conditions.Data Sources PubMed was searched for studies published between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, reporting cNfL levels (using the search terms neurofilament light and cerebrospinal fluid) in neurological or psychiatric conditions and/or in HC.Study Selection Studies reporting NfL levels measured in lumbar CSF using a commercially available immunoassay, as well as age and sex.Data Extraction and Synthesis Individual-level data were requested from study authors. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the fixed effects of age, sex, and diagnosis on log-transformed NfL levels, with cohort of origin modeled as a random intercept.Main Outcome and Measure The cNfL levels adjusted for age and sex across diagnoses.Results Data were collected for 10 059 individuals (mean [SD] age, 59.7 [18.8] years; 54.1% female). Thirty-five diagnoses were identified, including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (n = 2795), dementias and predementia stages (n = 4284), parkinsonian disorders (n = 984), and HC (n = 1332). The cNfL was elevated compared with HC in a majority of neurological conditions studied. Highest levels were observed in cognitively impaired HIV-positive individuals (iHIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington disease. In 33.3% of diagnoses, including HC, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD), cNfL was higher in men than women. The cNfL increased with age in HC and a majority of neurological conditions, although the association was strongest in HC. The cNfL overlapped in most clinically similar diagnoses except for FTD and iHIV, which segregated from other dementias, and PD, which segregated from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.Conclusions and Relevance These data support the use of cNfL as a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage and indicate that age-specific and sex-specific (and in some cases disease-specific) reference values may be needed. The cNfL has potential to assist the differentiation of FTD from AD and PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Nylander, P O, et al.
(författare)
-
Migraine : temperament and character.
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 30:5, s. 359-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The personality profile of 26 adult migraine patients from a large Swedish family with migraine and 87 controls were studied by means of Cloninger's seven-factor model of Temperament and Character (TCI; Temperament and Character Inventory). For the diagnosis of migraine, a questionnaire, slightly modified to fit the criteria according to the AD HOC committee on the classification of headaches of the International Headache Society, was used. The TCI assesses four dimensions of temperament, including novelty-seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD) and persistence (P), and three dimensions of character, including self-directedness (SD), co-operativeness (C) and self-transcendence (ST). Psychiatric morbidity did not differ between this family and the general population. One migraine patient had double depression (dysthymia and recurrent depression) and one had a personality disorder. No significant difference could be found in the higher order dimensions of temperament (NS, HA, RD and P) and character (SD, C and ST) between migraine patients and controls. However, on the subscale level, NS showed a slightly higher average in NS1 (exploratory excitability) and a significantly higher (p = 0.0448) average in NS2 (impulsivity) in migraine patients compared to controls. Somatic anxiety has been shown to be positively correlated with NS, and especially impulsivity. Our results showed a tendency of this personality profile, and may suggest an association between migraine and somatic anxiety.
|
|
| 17. |
- Ran, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Strong association between glucocerebrosidase mutations and Parkinson's disease in Sweden
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several genetic studies have demonstrated an association between mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA), originally implicated in Gaucher's disease, and an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have investigated the possible involvement of genetic GBA variations in PD in the Swedish population. Three GBA variants, E326K, N370S, and L444P were screened in the largest Swedish Parkinson cohort reported to date; 1625 cases and 2025 control individuals. We found a significant association with high effect size of the rare variant L444P with PD (odds ratio 8.17; 95% confidence interval: 2.51-26.23; p-value = 0.0020) and a significant association of the common variant E326K (odds ratio 1.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-2.22; p-value = 0.026). The rare variant N370S showed a trend for association. Most L444P carriers (68%) were found to reside in northern Sweden, which is consistent with a higher prevalence of Gaucher's disease in this part of the country. Our findings support the role of GBA mutations as risk factors for PD and point to lysosomal dysfunction as a mechanism contributing to PD etiology. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Ahrén, Irini Lazou, et al.
(författare)
-
The importance of a β-glucan receptor in the nonopsonic entry of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae into human monocytic and epithelial cells
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 184:2, s. 150-158
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous reports showed that nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) reside in macrophage-like cells in human adenoid tissue. This study investigated the ability of nonopsonized NTHi and encapsulated H. influenzae type b (Hib) to enter human monocytic and epithelial cells. The number of intracellular bacteria was determined by a viability assay and flow cytometry. To characterize the mechanisms responsible for the internalization of NTHi, different inhibitors of surface molecules, receptor turnover, and the cytoskeleton were used. Hib were found in monocytic cells at very low numbers (<100 bacteria/2 × 105 cells). In contrast, a great variation in intracellular numbers was detected between the different NTHi isolates (range, 0.0007%-0.28% of the inoculum for monocytes and 0.053%-3.5% for epithelial cells). NTHi entered human monocytic and epithelial cells via a receptor-mediated endocytosis involving mainly a β-glucan receptor that could be blocked by laminarin.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
