| 1. |
- Ghignone, Stefano, et al.
(författare)
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The Raman spectrum of florencite-(REE) [REEAl3(PO4)2(OH)6] : An integrated experimental and computational approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. - 0377-0486 .- 1097-4555. ; 55:3, s. 394-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Florencite is a hydrous light rare-earth elements (LREE) aluminium phosphate [REEAl3(PO4)2(OH)6], that amongst the REE-rich minerals is quite common. The main end-members are Ce-, La- and Nd-rich terms that were found in several genetic environments. Despite the large occurrence worldwide, to the authors' knowledge, florencite has attracted very few studies, particularly concerning the characterization of its Raman spectrum. We present a detailed study of the Raman spectrum of florencite, combining experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. Experimental Raman spectra (in the 100–1300 cm−1 spectral range) are measured on four florencite samples characterized by different chemical composition, that is, different REE abundance. The results highlight a remarkable coincidence between different Raman spectra measured on each sample, despite the significantly different chemical compositions in terms of their REE content. The same similarities were also observed in the computed spectra at the ab initio level; moreover, the calculations allowed the attributions of the different Raman signals to specific vibrational modes.
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| 2. |
- Sguazzi, Guilia, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial DNA in human nucleic acid extracts : Recoverability of the microbiome in DNA extracts stored frozen long-term and its potential and ethical implications for forensic investigation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 59, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human DNA samples can remain unaltered for years and preserve important genetic information for forensic investigations. In fact, besides human genetic information, these extracts potentially contain additional valuable information: microbiome signatures. Forensic microbiology is rapidly becoming a significant tool for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI), and establishing cause of death and personal identity. To date, the possibility to recover unaltered microbiome signatures from human DNA extracts has not been proven. This study examines the microbiome signatures within human DNA extracts obtained from six cadavers with different PMIs, which were stored frozen for 5–16 years. Results demonstrated that the microbiome can be co-extracted with human DNA using forensic kits designed to extract the human host’s DNA from different tissues and fluids during decomposition. We compared the microbial communities identified in these samples with microbial DNA recovered from two human cadavers donated to the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State University (FACTS) during multiple decomposition stages, to examine whether the microbial signatures recovered from “old” (up to 16 years) extracts are consistent with those identified in recently extracted microbial DNA samples. The V4 region of 16 S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq for all DNA extracts. The results obtained from the human DNA extracts were compared with each other and with the microbial DNA from the FACTS samples. Overall, we found that the presence of specific microbial taxa depends on the decomposition stage, the type of tissue, and the depositional environment. We found no indications of contamination in the microbial signatures, or any alterations attributable to the long-term frozen storage of the extracts, demonstrating that older human DNA extracts are a reliable source of such microbial signatures. No shared Core Microbiome (CM) was identified amongst the total 18 samples, but we identified certain species in association with the different decomposition stages, offering potential for the use of microbial signatures co-extracted with human DNA samples for PMI estimation in future. Unveiling the new significance of older human DNA extracts brings with it important ethical-legal considerations. Currently, there are no shared legal frameworks governing the long-term storage and use of human DNA extracts obtained from crime scene evidence for additional research purposes. It is therefore important to create common protocols on the storage of biological material collected at crime scenes. We review existing legislation and guidelines, and identify some important limitations for the further development and application of forensic microbiomics.
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| 3. |
- Vizzini, Alfredo, et al.
(författare)
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Typification of Octaviania rubescens (Paxillineae, Boletales) and phylogenetic hypotheses for genus Alpova
- 2010
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Ingår i: Mycologia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0027-5514 .- 1557-2536. ; 102:4, s. 967-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are no usable herbarium specimens for the type of Alpova rubescens; therefore a lectotype and an epitype are designated hereby to preserve current usage of the name. As lecotype the Vittadini's Fig. XII E/Tab. IV (from Monographia Tubercearum) was selected. The epitype chosen for A. rubescens is a recent. large collection from Liguria (Italy). Furthermore to investigate the phylogenetic position of A. rabescens among Alpova spp. comparative 28S-rDNA gene sequence analyses were conducted. The new combination Rhizopogon atexsmithii (Trappe) Vizzini & Zotti is proposed.
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