| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Green, Anders, 1971-
(författare)
-
Designing and Evaluating Human-Robot Communication : Informing Design through Analysis of User Interaction
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the design and evaluation of human-robot communication for service robots that use natural language to interact with people. The research is centred around three themes: design of human-robot communication; evaluation of miscommunication in human-robot communication; and the analysis of spatial influence as empiric phenomenon and design element. The method has been to put users in situations of future use through means of Hi-fi simulation. Several scenarios were enacted using the Wizard-of-Oz technique: a robot intended for fetch- and carry services in an office environment; and a robot acting in what can be characterised as a home tour, where the user teaches objects and locations to the robot. Using these scenarios a corpus of human-robot communication was developed and analysed. The analysis of the communicative behaviours led to the following observations: the users communicate with the robot in order to solve a main task goal. In order to fulfil this goal they overtake service actions that the robot is incapable of. Once users have understood that the robot is capable of performing actions, they explore its capabilities. During the interactions the users continuously monitor the behaviour of the robot, attempting to elicit feedback or to draw its perceptual attention to the users’ communicative behaviour. Information related to the communicative status of the robot seems to have a fundamental impact on the quality of interaction. Large portions of the miscommunication that occurs in the analysed scenarios can be attributed to ill-timed, lacking or irrelevant feedback from the robot. The analysis of the corpus data also showed that the users’ spatial behaviour seemed to be influenced by the robot’s communicative behaviour, embodiment and positioning. This means that we in robot design can consider the use strategies for spatial prompting to influence the users’ spatial behaviour. The understanding of the importance of continuously providing information of the communicative status of the robot to it’s users leaves us with an intriguing design challenge for the future: When designing communication for a service robot we need to design communication for the robot work tasks; and simultaneously, provide information based on the systems communicative status to continuously make users aware of the robots communicative capability.
|
|
| 3. |
- Green, Anders, 1971-
(författare)
-
Vi är alla i samma båt och på djupt vatten : att öka engagemanget genom studentspecifierade krav och praktikbaserade gemenskaper
- 2020
-
Ingår i: NU 2020: Hållbart lärande. - Stockholm.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ett ständigt aktuellt tema är studenter som upplever att undervisningsformerna karakteriseras av leda (se Daschman et al 2013) och lärare som tycker sig se ett bristande engagemang (se Foley 2013). Intrycket från en programmeringskurs med fokus på mobilappar och tjänster var projekten som studenterna skapade brast i konceptuell och teknisk höjd. Vare sig studenter eller lärare tyckte kursen var särskilt intressant. Två samverkande omständigheter identifierades: Lärarna förmådde inte att relevantgöra innehållet på ett engagerade och inspirerande sätt. Studenterna tyckte innehållet var för svårt och vågade inte chansa. Foley (2013) diskuterar hur lärare kör på i trygga banor (complacency) och inte engagerar sig, något som leder till studenter som inte gör mer än vad som krävs. Faktorer som undervisningens upplägg, över- eller understimulering leder till alltså till brist på engagemang och avhopp. Det som krävs är en mer varierad, engagerande och individanpassad undervisning. För att bryta detta har pedagogiken ändrats på kursen för att skapa engagemang på olika sätt. Kraven ställs på ett annat sätt: genom att använda noggrant kvalificerade värdeladdade ord för att beskriva kraven på studenternas projekt och laborationer. Exempelvis ska tekniska laborationer ska vara ”avancerade” och tjänsterna/koncepten ”spännande” eller ”unika”. Vi är dock tydliga med att utmaningarna i sig är något som studenterna får misslyckas med. Istället för att ställa omöjliga krav uppmanar vi studenterna utforska gränserna (”hur spännande kan det bli?”). Praktikbaserade gemenskaper (efter Wenger, Farnsworth et al 2016): redovisning av laborationer och projekt genomförs i ett interaktivt muntligt format där studenterna själva väljer vad de vill fokusera på inom ramen för en kritisk diskussion. Studenterna sätter därmed sin egen agenda inom kursens tematiska ram där de kan fokusera på teknologi eller på tjänsteutveckling. Genom att de specificerar sina egna tekniska laborationer direkt i dialog med läraren får de omedelbar återkoppling. Studenterna får också till uppgift att designa en lösning som representerar ett för dem verkligt problem – något som kräver engagemang och en gemensam orientering mot kursinnehållet. Kursinnehållet och fokus kommer alltså inte längre från lärarna utan från studenterna som investerat sitt eget skapande (och tänkande). Lärarna engageras sig för att inte framstå som okunniga inför studenterna. En mycket försiktig tendens i kursutvärderingar av två omgångar av kursen genomförd nya sättet är att studenter fortfarande tycker laborationerna är för svåra, men samtidigt att anser de att kursen är givande. Referenser Daschmann, E. C., Goetz, T., & Stupnisky, R. H. (2014). Exploring the antecedents of boredom: Do teachers know why students are bored? Teaching and Teacher Education, 39, 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2013.11.009 Farnsworth, V, Kleanthous, I and Wenger-Trayner, E (2016) Communities of practice as a social theory of learning: A conversation with Etienne Wenger. British Journal of Educational Studies, 64 (2). pp. 139-160. ISSN 0007-1005 Foley, J.A., 2013. Places of Belonging: Awakening a Zone of Complacency. Critical Questions in Education, 4(3), pp. 205–212.
|
|
| 4. |
- Green, Anders, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
With a new helper comes new tasks mixed-initiative interaction for robot-assisted shopping
- 2009
-
Ingår i: IHRCMICA-2009 Improving Human-Robot Communication with Mixed-Initiative and Context-Awareness.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the CommRob project1 we are investigating Robot Assisted Shopping. We are considering the effects on usability when allowing for mixed-initiative dialogue. It is noted that when adding a robotic assistant to a scenario that was previously involving only one agent, two new tasks are created: collaborative interaction, and learning an interface. Evaluation of mixed-initiative dialogue becomes complicated because it is not straightforward to separate the overall task performance from the attributes brought by mixed-initiative interaction.
|
|
| 5. |
- Green, Mattias, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Hydrographic response of Holandsfjord to changed freshwater runoff
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. - 0148-0227. ; 109:C7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observed hydrographic conditions in the upper layers of the Norwegian Holandsfjord are analyzed as functions of the location and strength of the freshwater discharge. The data sets were sampled over 21 years and consist of mostly fortnightly observations of salinity and temperature at several stations along the fjord and daily estimates or observations of the freshwater supply. The freshwater runoff to Holandsfjord was regulated and relocated to a hydroelectric power plant at the innermost end of the fjord in 1993, and by transfer of water from neighboring watersheds the yearly average freshwater discharge increased by a factor greater than 2. Before the regulation the freshwater content in the fjord was hydraulically controlled somewhere in the outer part of the fjord, and this control remains after the regulation and has been located. When the power plant is in operation a hydraulic control appears at Enganes, the narrow contraction between the outer and inner parts of the fjord. The present investigation also shows that the surface layer responds to the regulated freshwater supply with a decreased surface layer salinity, an increased freshwater content, and an increased rate of flushing. The mean value of the wind power mixing buoyancy in the surface layer is estimated to be 6-7 mW m(-2).
|
|
| 6. |
- Green, Mattias, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical oceanography and water exchange in the Northern Kvark Strait
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Continental Shelf Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-4343. ; 26:6, s. 721-732
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Northern Kvark connects the very fresh Bothnian Bay to the slightly saltier Bothilian Sea in the northern Baltic Sea. Intense field experiments were made in the strait in May 2003 and October-December 2004 to describe the physical oceanography of the strait. Three different hydrographic regimes were identified and first-order analyses were made on each regime, neglecting friction, rotation, and horizontal gradients. The strait is shown to be barotropically blocked about 45% of the time. The rest of the time there is vertical stratification, which can be described either by two homogenous layers or by linear density and velocity profiles. The flows in the two stratified regimes are shown to be hydraulically controlled. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Lohse, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluating extrovert and introvert behaviour of a domestic robot – a video study
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN. - New York : IEEE. - 9781424422128 ; , s. 488-493
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research is here presented into social robots that have to be able to interact with inexperienced users. In the design of these robots many research findings of human-human interaction and human-computer interaction are adopted but the direct applicability of these theories is limited because a robot is different from both humans and computers. Therefore, new methods have to be developed in HRI in order to build robots that are suitable for inexperienced users. In this paper we present a video study we conducted employing our robot BIRON (BIelefeld RObot companioN) which is designed for use in domestic environments. Subjects watched the system during the interaction with a human and rated two different robot behaviours (extrovert and introvert). The behaviours differed regarding verbal output and person following of the robot. Aiming to improve human-robot interaction, participants' ratings of the behaviours were evaluated and compared.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Walters, Michael L., et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluating the Robot Personality and Verbal Behavior of Domestic Robots Using Video-Based Studies
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Advanced Robotics. - 0169-1864 .- 1568-5535. ; 25:18, s. 2233-2254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robots are increasingly being used in domestic environments and should be able to interact with inexperienced users. Human-human interaction and human-computer interaction research findings are relevant, but often limited because robots are different from both humans and computers. Therefore, new human-robot interaction (HRI) research methods can inform the design of robots suitable for inexperienced users. A video-based HRI (VHRI) methodology was here used to carry out a multi-national HRI user study for the prototype domestic robot BIRON (BIelefeld RObot companioN). Previously, the VHRI methodology was used in constrained HRI situations, while in this study HRIs involved a series of events as part of a 'home-tour' scenario. Thus, the present work is the first study of this methodology in extended HRI contexts with a multi-national approach. Participants watched videos of the robot interacting with a human actor and rated two robot behaviors (Extrovert and Introvert). Participants' perceptions and ratings of the robot's behaviors differed with regard to both verbal interactions and person following by the robot. The study also confirms that the VHRI methodology provides a valuable means to obtain early user feedback, even before fully working prototypes are available. This can usefully guide the future design work on robots, and associated verbal and non-verbal behaviors.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
