| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(författare)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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| 4. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
- 2021
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Ingår i: eLife. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
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| 5. |
- Bixby, H., et al.
(författare)
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Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 569:7755, s. 260-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.
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| 6. |
- Ramdas, S., et al.
(författare)
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A multi-layer functional genomic analysis to understand noncoding genetic variation in lipids
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 109:8, s. 1366-1387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is to translate phenotypic associations into biological insights. Here, we integrate a large GWAS on blood lipids involving 1.6 million individuals from five ancestries with a wide array of functional genomic datasets to discover regulatory mechanisms underlying lipid associations. We first prioritize lipid-associated genes with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) colocalizations and then add chromatin interaction data to narrow the search for functional genes. Polygenic enrichment analysis across 697 annotations from a host of tissues and cell types confirms the central role of the liver in lipid levels and highlights the selective enrichment of adipose-specific chromatin marks in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Overlapping transcription factor (TF) binding sites with lipid-associated loci identifies TFs relevant in lipid biology. In addition, we present an integrative framework to prioritize causal variants at GWAS loci, producing a comprehensive list of candidate causal genes and variants with multiple layers of functional evidence. We highlight two of the prioritized genes, CREBRF and RRBP1, which show convergent evidence across functional datasets supporting their roles in lipid biology.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Abazov, V. M., et al.
(författare)
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The upgraded DO detector
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 565:2, s. 463-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The DO experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid -argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run 1, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DO.
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| 9. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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An improved limit for Gamma(ee) of X(3872) and Gamma(ee) measurement of psi(3686)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 749, s. 414-420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the data sets taken at center-of-mass energies above 4 GeV by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, we search for the reaction e(+)e(-) -> gamma(ISR) X(3872) -> gamma(ISR)pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via the Initial State Radiation technique. The production of a resonance with quantum numbers J(PC) = 1(++) such as the X(3872) via single photon e(+)e(-) annihilation is forbidden, but is allowed by a next-to-leading order box diagram. We do not observe a significant signal of X(3872), and therefore give an upper limit for the electronic width times the branching fraction Gamma B-X(3872)(ee)(X(3872) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi) < 0.13 eVat the 90% confidence level. This measurement improves upon existing limits by a factor of 46. Using the same final state, we also measure the electronic width of the psi(3686) to be Gamma(psi)(ee)(3686) ee = 2213 +/- 18(stat) +/- 99(sys) eV.
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| 10. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for e(+)e(-)->gamma chi c1,2 at center-of-mass energies from 4.009 to 4.360 GeV
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1137 .- 2058-6132. ; 39:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data samples collected at center-of-mass energies of root s=4.009, 4.230, 4.260, and 4.360 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, we perform a search for the process e(+)e(-)->gamma chi(cJ) (J=0, 1, 2) and find evidence for e(+)e(-)->gamma chi(c1) and e(+)e(-)->gamma chi(c2) with statistical significances of 3.0 sigma and 3.4 sigma, respectively. The Born cross sections sigma(B)(e(+)e(-)->gamma chi(cJ)), as well as their upper limits at the 90% confidence level (C.L.) are determined at each center-of-mass energy.
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| 11. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of B(psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c1)) and search for psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c2)
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a measurement of the branching fraction for psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c1) and search for the transition psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c2) based on 2.92 fb(-1) of e(+)e(-) data accumulated at root s = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We measure B(psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c1)) = (2.48 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.23) x 10(-3), which is the most precise measurement to date. The upper limit on the branching fraction of psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c2) at a 90% confidence level is B(psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c2)) < 0.64 x 10(-3). The corresponding partial widths are Gamma(psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c1)) = (67.5 +/- 4.1 +/- 6.7)keV and Gamma(psi(3770) -> gamma chi(c2)) < 17.4 keV.
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| 12. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the branching fraction for psi(3686) -> omega K+K-
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 89:11, s. 112006-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With 1.06 x 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the branching fraction of psi(3686) -> omega K+K- is measured to be (1.54 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.11) x 10(-4). This is the most precise result to date, due to the largest psi(3686) sample, improved signal reconstruction efficiency, good simulation of the detector performance, and a more accurate knowledge of the continuum contribution. Using the branching fraction of J/psi -> omega K+K-, the ratio B(psi(3868) -> K+K-)/B(J/psi -> K+K-) is determined to be (18.4 +/- 3.7)%. This constitutes a significantly improved test of the 12% rule, with the uncertainty now dominated by the J/psi branching fraction.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the proton form factor by studying e(+)e(-) -> p(p)over-tilde
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the Born cross section of e(+)e(-) -> p (p) over tilde at 12 center-of-mass energies from 2232.4 to 3671.0 MeV. The corresponding effective electromagnetic form factor of the proton is deduced under the assumption that the electric and magnetic form factors are equal (vertical bar G(E)vertical bar = vertical bar G(M)vertical bar). In addition, the ratio of electric to magnetic form factors, vertical bar G(E)/G(M)vertical bar, and vertical bar G(M)vertical bar are extracted by fitting the polar angle distribution of the proton for the data samples with larger statistics, namely at root s = 2232.4 and 2400.0 MeV and a combined sample at root s = 3050.0, 3060.0 and 3080.0 MeV, respectively. The measured cross sections are in agreement with recent results from BABAR, improving the overall uncertainty by about 30%. The vertical bar G(E)/G(M)vertical bar ratios are close to unity and consistent with BABAR results in the same q(2) region, which indicates the data are consistent with the assumption that vertical bar G(E)vertical bar = vertical bar G(M)vertical bar within uncertainties.
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| 15. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of y(CP) in D-0-(D)over-bar(0) oscillation using quantum correlations in e(+)e(-) -> D-0(D)over-bar(0) at root s=3.773 GeV
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 744, s. 339-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a measurement of the parameter y(CP) in D-0-(D) over bar (0) oscillations performed by taking advantage of quantum coherence between pairs of D-0(D) over bar (0) mesons produced in e(+)e(-) annihilations near threshold. In this work, doubly-tagged D-0(D) over bar (0) events, where one D decays to a CP eigenstate and the other D decays in a semileptonic mode, are reconstructed using a data sample of 2.92 fb(-1) collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy of root s = 3.773 GeV. We obtain y(CP) = (-2.0 +/- 1.3 +/- 0.7)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result is compatible with the current world average.
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| 16. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of psi(3686) -> K-Lambda(Xi)over-bar(+) + c.c. and psi(3686) -> gamma K-Lambda(Xi)over-bar(+) + c.c.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 1.06 x 10(8) psi(3686) events produced in e(+)e(-) collisions at root s = 3.686 GeV and collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we present studies of the decays psi(3686) -> K-Lambda(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c. and psi(3686) -> gamma K-Lambda(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c. We observe two hyperons, Xi(1690)(-) and Xi(1820)(-), in the K-Lambda invariant mass distribution in the decay psi(3686) -> K-Lambda(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c. with significances of 4.9 sigma and 6.2 sigma, respectively. The branching fractions of psi(3686) -> K-Lambda(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c., psi(3686) -> K-Sigma(0)(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c, psi(3686) -> gamma chi cJ -> gamma K-Lambda(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c (J = 0, 1, 2), and psi(3686) -> Xi(1690/1820)(-)(Xi) over bar (+) + c.c with sub-sequent decay Xi(1690/1820)(-) -> K-Lambda are measured for the first time.
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| 17. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the Dalitz decay eta ' -> gamma e(+)e(-)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 92:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first observation of the Dalitz decay eta' -> gamma e(+)e(-), based on a data sample of 1.31 billion J/psi events collected with the BESIII detector. The eta' mesons are produced via the J/psi -> gamma eta' decay process. The ratio (eta' -> gamma e(+)e(-))/Gamma (eta' -> gamma gamma) is measured to be (2.13 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.07(sys)) x 10(-2). This corresponds to a branching fraction B(eta' -> gamma e(+)e(-)) = (4.69 +/- 0.20(stat) +/- 0.23(sys)) x 10(-4). The transition form factor is extracted and different expressions are compared to the measured dependence on the e(+)e(-) invariant mass. The results are consistent with the prediction of the vector meson dominance model.
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| 18. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the electromagnetic doubly OZI-suppressed decay J/psi -> phi pi(0)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 1.31 billion J/psi events accumulated with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we report the observation of the decay J/psi -> phi pi(0), which is the first evidence for a doubly Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka suppressed electromagnetic J/psi decay. A clear structure is observed in the K+K- mass spectrum around 1.02 GeV/c(2), which can be attributed to interference between J/psi -> phi pi(0) and J/psi -> K+K- pi(0) decays. Due to this interference, two possible solutions are found. The corresponding measured values of the branching fraction of J/psi -> phi pi(0) are [2.94 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.16(syst)] x 10(-6) and [1.24 +/- 0.33(stat) +/- 0.30(syst)] x 10(-7).
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| 19. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the isospin-violating decay J/psi -> phi pi(0)f(0) (980)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 92:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 1.31 x 10(9) J/psi events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the decays J/psi -> phi pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and J/psi -> phi pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) are investigated. The isospin- violating decay J/psi -> phi pi(0)f(0)(980) with f(0)(980)-> pi pi is observed for the first time. The width of the f(0)(980) obtained from the dipion mass spectrum is found to be much smaller than the world average value. In the pi(0)f(0)(980) mass spectrum, there is evidence of f(1)(1285) production. By studying the decay J/psi ->eta', the branching fractions of eta' -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and eta' -> pi(0)pi(0)pi(0), as well as their ratio, are also measured.
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| 20. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the Psi(1(3)D(2)) State in e(+)e(-) -> pi(+)pi(-)gamma chi(c1) at BESIII
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 115:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the observation of the X(3823) state in the process e(+)e(-) -> pi(+)pi(-) X(3823) pi(+)pi(-)gamma chi(c1) with a statistical significance of 6.2 sigma, in data samples at center-of-mass energies root s = 4.230, 4.260, 4.360, 4.420, and 4.600 GeV collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron positron collider. The measured mass of the X(3823) state is (3821.7 +/- 1.3 +/- 0.7) MeV/c(2), where the first error is statistical and the second systematic, and the width is less than 16 MeV at the 90% confidence level. The products of the Born cross sections for e(+)e(-) -> pi(+)pi(-) X(3823) and the branching ratio B [X(3823) -> gamma X-c1c2] are also measured. These measurements are in good agreement with the assignment of the X(3823) state as the Psi(1(3)D(2)) charmonium state.
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| 21. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the Semileptonic Decay D-0 -> a(0)(980)(-)e(+)nu(e) and Evidence for D+ -> a(0)(980)(0)e(+)nu(e)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 121:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using an e(+)e(-) collision data sample of 2.93 fb(-1) collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV by the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we report the observation of D-0 -> a(0)(980)(-)e(+)nu(e) and evidence for D+ -> a(0)(980)(0)e(+)nu(e) with significances of 6.4 sigma and 2.9 sigma, respectively. The absolute branching fractions are determined to be B(D-0 -> a(0)(980)(-)e(+)nu(e)) x B(a(0)(980)(-) -> eta pi(-)) = [1.33(-0.29)(+0.33)(stat) +/- 0.09(syst)] x 10(-4) and B(D+ -> a(0)(980)(0)e(+)nu(e)) x B(a(0)(980)(0) -> eta pi(0)) = [1.66(-0.66)(+0.81)(stat) +/- 0.11(syst) x 10(-4). This is the first time the a(0)(980) meson has been measured in a D-0 semileptonic decay, which would open one more interesting page in the investigation of the nature of the puzzling a(0)(980) states.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Search for D-0 -> gamma gamma and improved measurement of the branching fraction for D-0 -> pi(0)pi(0)
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 2.92 fb(-1) of electron-positron annihilation data collected at root s = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we report the results of a search for the flavor-changing neutral current process D-0 -> gamma gamma using a double-tag technique. We find no signal and set an upper limit at 90% confidence level for the branching fraction of B(D-0 -> gamma gamma < 3.8 x 10(-6). We also investigate D-0-meson decay into two neutral pions, obtaining a branching fraction of B(D-0 -> pi(0)pi(0)) = (8.24 +/- 0.21(stat) +/- 0.30(syst)) x 10(-4), the most precise measurement to date and consistent with the current world average.
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| 24. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Search for invisible decays of omega and phi with J/psi data at BESIII
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 98:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a data sample of (1310.6 +/- 7.0) x 10(6) J/psi events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, we perform the first experimental search for invisible decays of a light vector meson (V = omega, phi) via J/psi -> V-eta decays. The decay of eta -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) is utilized to tag the V meson decaying into the invisible final state. No evidence for a significant invisible signal is observed, and the upper limits on the ratio of branching fractions at the 90% confidence level are determined to be B(omega -> invisible)/B(omega -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)) < 8.1 x 10(-5) and B(phi -> invisible)/B(phi -> K+K-) < 3.4 x 10(-4). By using the world average values of B(omega -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and B(phi -> K+K-,) the upper limits on the decay branching fractions at the 90% confidence level are set as B(omega -> invisible) < 7.3 x 10(-5) and B(phi -> invisible) < 1.7 x 10(-4), respectively.
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| 25. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Search for the isospin violating decay Y(4260)-> J/psi eta pi(0)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 92:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data samples collected at center-of-mass energies of root s = 4.009, 4.226, 4.257, 4.358, 4.416, and 4.599 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we search for the isospin violating decay Y(4260)-> J/psi eta pi(0). No signal is observed, and upper limits on the cross section sigma(e(+)e(-) -> J/psi eta pi(0)) at the 90% confidence level are determined to be 3.6, 1.7, 2.4, 1.4, 0.9, and 1.9 pb, respectively.
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