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| 9. |
- Albers, Eva, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Ser3p (Yer081wp) and Ser33p (Yil074cp) are phosphoglycerate dehydrogenases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2003
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Ingår i: J Biol Chem. ; 278, s. 10264-10272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two genes YER081W and YIL074C, renamed SER3 and SER33, respectively, which encode phosphoglycerate dehydrogenases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified. These dehydrogenases catalyze the first reaction of serine and glycine biosynthesis from the glycolytic metabolite 3-phosphoglycerate. Unlike either single mutant, the ser3Delta ser33Delta double mutant lacks detectable phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity and is auxotrophic for serine or glycine for growth on glucose media. However, the requirement for the SER-dependent "phosphoglycerate pathway" is conditional since the "glyoxylate" route of serine/glycine biosynthesis is glucose-repressed. Thus, in cells grown on ethanol both expression and activity of all SER-encoded proteins are low, including the remaining enzymes of the phosphoglycerate pathway, Ser1p and Ser2p. Moreover the available nitrogen source regulates the expression of SER genes. However, for only SER33, and not SER3, expression was regulated in relation to the available nitrogen source in a coordinated fashion with SER1 and SER2. Based on these mRNA data together with data on enzyme activities, Ser33p is likely to be the main isoenzyme of the phosphoglycerate pathway during growth on glucose. Moreover, since phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity requires NAD+ as cofactor, deletion of SER3 and SER33 markedly affected redox metabolism as shown by substrate and product analysis.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Association of IQ scores and school achievement with suicide in a 40-year follow-up of a Swedish cohort.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 118:2, s. 99-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Few studies have investigated the association of childhood IQ and school achievement with suicide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of childhood IQ with suicide in a cohort of Swedish women and men. METHOD: 21 809 subjects born in 1948 and 1953 who completed IQ and school tests at age 13 years have been followed until 2003. Information on paternal education and in-patient care for psychosis was linked using the Swedish personal identification number. RESULTS: There were 180 suicides amongst subjects with measured IQ. High IQ was associated with reduced suicide risk among men (OR per unit increase in age-adjusted model 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.99), while there was no statistical evidence of an association in women (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90-1.20). Among men with a history of psychosis, high IQ was associated with an increased risk of suicide. CONCLUSION: Low childhood IQ at age 13 years is associated with an increased risk of suicide in men but not in women; however, amongst those with psychosis, low IQ appears to be protective.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The Association of IQ Scores and School Achievement With Suicide in a 40-year Follow-Up of a Swedish Cohort
- 2008
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Ingår i: 10th International Congress of Behavioural Medicine, Drawing from traditional sources and basic research to improve health of individuals, communities and populations, August 27-30, 2008 Tokyo, Japan.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study we have used longitudinal Swedish data with a follow up period of 40 years and included data on both men and women. By using the Swedish personal identification number, educational data (IQ- and school tests) were linked with the National Cause of Death Register, identifying all suicides in the cohorts up to 31st December 2003 and linkage was also made with the National Inpatient Register.Data on childhood socioeconomic status was also included. Our analysis identified gender differences and four broad patterns of associations between tests of intelligence and school performance at age 13 and later suicide risk. Early detection and appropriate interventions amongst children with low cognitive ability may be important in order to prevent future psychiatric disorders and suicide risk. Strategies for better cognitive function implemented in childhood and adolescence may contribute to improved adult health. Increased knowledge of mental health status and suicide risk among high performing females also needs further elucidation.
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| 12. |
- Aricescu, A R, et al.
(författare)
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Eukaryotic expression: developments for structural proteomics.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography. - 1399-0047 .- 0907-4449. ; 62, s. 1114-1124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of sufficient quantities of protein is an essential prelude to a structure determination, but for many viral and human proteins this cannot be achieved using prokaryotic expression systems. Groups in the Structural Proteomics In Europe (SPINE) consortium have developed and implemented high-throughput (HTP) methodologies for cloning, expression screening and protein production in eukaryotic systems. Studies focused on three systems: yeast (Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), baculovirus-infected insect cells and transient expression in mammalian cells. Suitable vectors for HTP cloning are described and results from their use in expression screening and protein-production pipelines are reported. Strategies for co-expression, selenomethionine labelling (in all three eukaryotic systems) and control of glycosylation (for secreted proteins in mammalian cells) are assessed.
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| 13. |
- Behm, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Health Promotion Can Postpone Frailty : Results from the RCT Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone
- 2016
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Ingår i: Public Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0737-1209 .- 1525-1446. ; 33:4, s. 303-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Very old persons (80+) are often described as "frail", implying that they are particularly vulnerable to adverse health outcomes. Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone was designed to determine whether a preventive home visit or multiprofessional senior group meetings could postpone deterioration in frailty if the intervention is carried out when the person is not so frail. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: The study was a RCT with follow-ups at 1 and 2 years. A total of 459 persons (80+), still living at home, were included. Participants were independent in activities of daily life and cognitively intact. MEASURES: Frailty was measured in two complementary ways, with the sum of eight frailty indicators and with the Mob-T Scale measuring tiredness in daily activities. RESULTS: Both interventions showed favorable effects in postponing the progression of frailty measured as tiredness in daily activities for up to 1 year. However, neither of the two interventions was effective in postponing frailty measured with the sum of frailty indicators. CONCLUSIONS: The results in this study show the potential of health promotion to older persons. The multiprofessional approach, including a broad spectrum of information and knowledge, might have been an important factor contributing to a more positive view of aging.
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| 14. |
- Benrick, Anna, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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A non-conservative polymorphism in the IL-6 signal transducer (IL6ST)/gp130 is associated with myocardial infarction in a hypertensive population.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Regulatory peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-0115. ; 146:1-3, s. 189-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation is a key component in the development of atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction (MI); therefore we investigated the association between an interleukin-6 signal transducer (IL6ST)/gp130 polymorphism, gp130 function and risk of MI. Structural modeling suggested that a non-conservative single nucleotide polymorphism in the gp130, Gly148Arg, can change the stability and functional properties of the molecule. In vitro studies were done with BAF/3 cells lacking endogenous gp130. Cells stably transfected with the gp130 148Arg variant proliferated less and showed slightly lower STAT-3 phosphorylation in response to gp130 stimulation as compared to cells transfected with gp130 148Gly. In a prospectively followed hypertensive cohort we identified 167 patients who suffered a MI during the study and compared them to matched controls (mean age 57 years, 73% males, n=482). Carriers of the 148Arg variant (f(Arg)=0.12) of the gp130 receptor had decreased odds ratio for MI in univariate analysis (0.56, 95% CI 0.34-0.91, p=0.02). In conclusion, a genetically determined structural variant of the IL-6 receptor subunit gp130 is, independently of other known risk factors, associated with decreased risk of MI. The variant is also associated with decreased IL-6 responsiveness and could lead to a configuration change in the gp130 receptor.
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| 15. |
- Bodin, Aase Katarina, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of cultivation conditions on mechanical and morphological properties of bacterial cellulose tubes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 97:2, s. 425-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterial cellulose (BC) was deposited in tubular form by fermenting Acetobacter xylinum on top of silicone tubes as an oxygenated support and by blowing different concns. of oxygen, i.e., 21% (air), 35%, 50%, and 100%. Mech. properties such as burst pressure and tensile properties were evaluated for all tubes. The burst pressure of the tubes increased with an increase in oxygen ratio and reached a top value of 880 mmHg at 100% oxygen. The Young's modulus was approx. 5 MPa for all tubes, irresp. of the oxygen ratio. The elongation to break decreased from 30% to 10-20% when the oxygen ratio was increased. The morphol. of the tubes was characterized by SEM (SEM). All tubes had an even inner side and a more porous outer side. The cross section indicated that the tubes are composed of layers and that the amt. of layers and the yield of cellulose increased with an increase in oxygen ratio. We propose that an internal vessel wall with high d. is required for the tube to sustain a certain pressure. An increase in wall thickness by an increase in oxygen ratio might explain the increasing burst pressure with increasing oxygen ratio. The fermn. method used renders it possible to produce branched tubes, tubes with unlimited length and inner diams. Endothelial cells (ECs) were grown onto the lumen of the tubes. The cells formed a confluent layer after 7 days. The tubes potential as a vascular graft is currently under investigation in a large animal model at the Center of Vascular Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg.
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| 16. |
- Bodin, Aase Katarina, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Manufacturing and characterization of bacterial cellulose tubes using two different fermentation techniques
- 2006
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Ingår i: In: Modern multidisciplinary applied lmicrobiology; Exploiting microbes and their interactions/Ed A Medez-Vilas. - Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. - 9783527316113 ; , s. 619-622
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A modified defined media with 0.6% lactate resulted in high cellulose yield and was therefore used in the tube formation. Two fermentation techniques were compared, A and B, using a modified disc reactor. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that tubes from method A were more homogeneous with denser parts in the network. In contrast, the tubes grown according to method B have denser inner surface and a porous outer surface. Mechanical measurements could not be done on the tubes from method A due to their fragility. However the tubes from method B were measured and showed to be stiffer, stronger, and less extensible when compared with a BC pellicle. This can probably be explained by a slightly higher solid content of the tubes and presumably a more interconnected fibril network as a consequence. The BC tubes manufactured according to fermentation method B results in desired asymmetric structure and mechanical properties and are expected to be used as a scaffold for tissue engineered blood vessels.
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- Brackmann, Christian, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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CARS microscopy of lipid stores in yeast: the impact of nutritional state and genetic background
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. - : Wiley. - 0377-0486 .- 1097-4555. ; 40:7, s. 748-756
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a protocol for sub-micrometer resolved and chemically specific imaging of lipid storage in vivo employing coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy of one of the most important model organisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae - the yeast cell. By probing the carbon-hydrogen vibration using the nonlinear process of CARS, lipid droplets in the yeast cells clearly appear, as confirmed by comparative studies on relevant labeled organelles using two-photon fluorescence microscopy. From the images, unique quantitative data can be deduced with high three-dimensional resolution, such as the volume, shape, number, and intracellular location of the neutral lipid stores. We exemplify the strength and usability of the method for two cases: the impact on lipid storage of the nutritional condition (starvation and type of carbon source available) as well as of genetic modification of two fundamental metabolic regulation pathways involving carbohydrate and lipid storage (BCY1 and DGA1, LRO1, ARE1/2 deletions), respectively. While the impact of carbon source on the total cellular lipid volume was minimal, long-term starvation induces a significant accumulation of lipid droplets. We also confirm that the lipid-storage-deficient mutant is indeed unable to synthesize lipid droplets, and that the inability of the bcy1-mutant to store carbohydrates is compensated by a two-fold increase in stored neutral lipids. We note that there is a significant cell-to-cell variability in neutral lipid storage in general, i.e. that there is a correspondence to the noise found for gene expression also in lipidomics. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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- Brandberg, Tomas, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of severe nitrogen limitation and microaerobic conditions on extended continuous cultivations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with cell recirculation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Enzyme and Microbial Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-0229. ; 40:4, s. 585-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous cultivations of Sacchaivinyces certvisiae ATCC 96581 with severe nitrogen limitation (C/N ratios 200 and 400g g(-1)) and cell recirculation were carried out under anaerobic and microaerobic conditions for more than 300h. With a dilution rate of 0.06 h(-1) and 90% recirculation in combination with an estimated 70% biomass sedimentation rate in the bleed flow, specific growth rates of 0.002-0.006 h(-1) were obtained. Under these conditions, ethanol yields of 0.46-0.48g g(-1) were achieved. The biomass yields on ATP were only 1.6-2.9gmol(-1), indicating metabolic uncoupling or high maintenance energy requirements. Viability levels, measured by FUNO staining and fluorescence microscopy, usually varied between 100 and 80%. However, under anaerobic conditions at C/N ratio 400, a reproducible drop to 25 % viability occurred between 250 and 300h of fermentation, after which the culture recovered again. Under anaerobic conditions, an increase in the C/N ratio from 200 to 400 resulted in a three-fold higher specific glycerol production, in spite of lower biomass formation and lower cellular protein and RNA content. A low oxygen addition eliminated the large drop in viability and the increased glycerol production observed at C/N 400, and caused viability and glycerol levels similar to the anaerobic C/N 200 case. A S. certvisiae W303-1A gpdI Delta gpd2 Delta mutant, completely deficient in glycerol production, could ferment a nitrogen-limited medium under RQ-controlled microaerobic conditions with an ethanol yield of 0.45 g g(-1), indicating that the increased glycerol production under nitrogen limitation is not necessary, as long as there is sufficient oxygen transferred to the culture. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All fights reserved.
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