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- Czaun, Miklos, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation of Cu(II) and Ni(II)-catalysed hydrolysis of (di)imines
- 2010
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Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-1693. ; 363:12, s. 3102-3112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reactions of six diimine ligands with Cu(II) and Ni(II) halide salts have been investigated. The diimine ligands were Ph2C=N(CH2)(n)NC=Ph-2 (n = 2 (Bz(2)en, 1a), 3 (Bz(2)pn, 1b), 4 (Bz2bn, 1c)), N, N'-bis-(2-tert-butylthio- 1-ylmethylenebenzene)-2,2'diamino-biphenyl (2), N,N'-bis-(2-chloro-1-ylmethylenebenzene)-1,3diaminobenzene (3) and N,N'-bis-(2-chloro-1-ylmethylenebenzene)-1,2-ethanediamine (4). Reactions of 1a-c, 2-4 with CuCl2 center dot 2H(2)O in dry ethanol at ambient temperature led to complete or partial hydrolysis of the diimine ligands to ultimately form copper diamine complexes. The non-hydrolyzed complexes of 1b and 1c, [Cu(L)Cl-2] (L = 1b, 1c), could be isolated when the reactions were carried out at low temperatures, and the half-hydrolyzed complex [Cu(Bzpn)Cl-2] could also be identified via X-ray crystallography. Similarly, reactions of 1a or 1b with NiCl2 center dot 6H(2)O or [NiBr2(dme)] led to rapid hydrolysis of the imines and Ni complexes containing half-hydrolyzed 1a (Bzen; [trans-[Ni(Bzen)(2)Br-2]) and 1b (Bzpn; [Ni(Bzpn) Br-2] could be isolated and identified via single crystal X-ray analysis. Kinetic studies were made of the hydrolyses of 1a, 1b in THF and 2 in acetone, in the presence of Cu(II), and of 1a in acetonitrile, in the presence of Ni(II). Activation parameters were determined for the latter reaction and for the copper-catalyzed hydrolysis of 2; the relatively large negative activation entropies clearly indicate rate-determining steps of an associative nature.
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- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient multi-view ray tracing using edge detection and shader reuse
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Visual Computer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-2789 .- 1432-2315. ; 27:6-8, s. 665-676
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stereoscopic rendering and 3D stereo displays are quickly becoming mainstream. The natural extension is autostereoscopic multi-view displays, which by the use of parallax barriers or lenticular lenses, can accommodate many simultaneous viewers without the need for active or passive glasses. As these displays, for the foreseeable future, will support only a rather limited number of views, there is a need for high-quality interperspective antialiasing. We present a specialized algorithm for efficient multi-view image generation from a camera line using ray tracing, which builds on previous methods for multi-dimensional adaptive sampling and reconstruction of light elds. We introduce multi-view silhouette edges to detect sharp geometrical discontinuities in the radiance function. These are used to significantly improve the quality of the reconstruction. In addition, we exploit shader coherence by computing analytical visibility between shading points and the camera line, and by sharing shading computations over the camera line.
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- Hasselgren, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Speculator activity and the cross-asset predictability of FX returns
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Review of Financial Analysis. - : Elsevier. - 1057-5219 .- 1873-8079. ; 72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper tests the gradual information diffusion hypothesis, which suggests that information spreads gradually across asset markets, to explain the role of speculator activity in the cross-asset return predictability of foreign exchange (FX) market strategies. We argue that the activity of speculators increase the rate of information diffusion across asset markets. Hence, we expect the predictive effect from the equity and commodity markets on FX market strategies to be weaker when speculators are active in the FX market. Our results show that, when speculator activity is high, the equity market's ability to predict the FX market dissipates, but not to the same extent as for the commodity market. Our findings suggest that speculators play a vital role in enhancing informational efficiency in the FX market.
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- Hasselgren, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Does the Introduction of Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy Jeopardize Patient Safety and Well-Being?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 105:4, s. 223-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Purpose: Despite retrospective data indicating short-term superiority for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy compared to open distal pancreatectomy, the implementation of the procedure has been slow. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients operated with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy during the early phase of introduction are at higher risk for complications than patients operated with open distal pancreatectomy.Methods: A retrospective single-center analysis of patients operated with laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (n=37) from the introduction of the procedure and comparison regarding demographic data, preoperative data, operative factors, and postoperative outcomes to patients operated with open distal pancreatectomy was done.Results: Operation duration shortened (195 vs 143min, p=0.04) and severe complications reduced (37% vs 6%, p=0.02) significantly in the laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy group between the first half of the study and the second half. Blood loss was significantly (pamp;lt;0.001) lower in the laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy group (75mL) than in the open distal pancreatectomy group (550mL), while complication rate and hospital stay as well as the percentage of radical resections were the same.Conclusion: Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy can be introduced without jeopardizing patient safety and well-being during the early learning curve. The procedures should be compared in a prospective randomized manner.
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- Hasselgren, Mikael, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Estimated prevalences of respiratory symptoms, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to detection rate in primary health care
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724 .- 0000-0000. ; 19:1, s. 54-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to relate it to an estimated detection rate in primary health care.DESIGN: A two-staged study with a cross-sectional survey and a clinical validation.SETTING: The adult population of Värmland, a county in Sweden.SUBJECTS: 4814 persons completed the survey and 206 the confirmative validation study.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of respiratory symptoms, of asthma and COPD.RESULTS: More than 40% reported respiratory symptoms. Wheeze was reported by 8.0%, shortness of breath by 11.4% and sputum production by 14.1%. Smoking was more common among women than among men. The prevalence of asthma was 8.2% and COPD 2.1%. Of persons with asthma, 33% were estimated to be undiagnosed, 67% used medication and nearly 60% attended primary health care services.CONCLUSION: Respiratory symptoms as well as asthma were common in this study and equivalent to earlier findings. The difference between the epidemiologically estimated prevalence of asthma and the lower detection rate in primary health care can be explained by at least three factors: persons who did not seek any care, were underdiagnosed or attended other health care providers.
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| 11. |
- Johnson, Candice, et al.
(författare)
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Skin sensitization in silico protocol
- 2020
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Ingår i: Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-2300 .- 1096-0295. ; 116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assessment of skin sensitization has evolved over the past few years to include in vitro assessments of key events along the adverse outcome pathway and opportunistically capitalize on the strengths of in silico methods to support a weight of evidence assessment without conducing a test in animals. While in silico methods vary greatly in their purpose and format; there is a need to standardize the underlying principles on which such models are developed and to make transparent the implications for the uncertainty in the overall assessment. In this contribution, the relationship between skin sensitization relevant effects, mechanisms, and endpoints are built into a hazard assessment framework. Based on the relevance of the mechanisms and effects as well as the strengths and limitations of the experimental systems used to identify them, rules and principles are defined for deriving skin sensitization in silico assessments. Further, the assignments of reliability and confidence scores that reflect the overall strength of the assessment are discussed. This skin sensitization protocol supports the implementation and acceptance of in silico approaches for the prediction of skin sensitization.
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| 13. |
- Norden, T, et al.
(författare)
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Mammographic screening for breast cancer. What cancers do we find?
- 1997
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0959-8049. ; 33:4, s. 624-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare lymph node involvement of breast cancer cases detected at mammography screening with clinically-detected cases. During a 3-year period, 273 primary breast cancers were detected in a population-based screening programme
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| 15. |
- Sundh, Josefin, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Change in health status in COPD : a seven-year follow-up cohort study
- 2016
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Ingår i: npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2055-1010. ; 26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health status is a prognostic factor included in the assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of our study was to examine the associations of clinical factors with change in health status over a 7-year follow-up period. In 2005, 970 randomly selected primary and secondary care patients with a COPD diagnosis completed questionnaires including the Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ); and in 2012, 413 completed the CCQ questionnaire again. Linear regression used difference in mean total CCQ score between 2005 and 2012 as the dependent variable. Independent variables were CCQ score at baseline 2005, sex, age, educational level, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, heart disease, diabetes, depression, number of exacerbations in the previous 6 months, dyspnoea (modified Medical Research Council (mMRC)). Health status worsened from mean total CCQ (s.d.) 2.03 (1.26) in 2005 to 2.16 (1.37) in 2012 (P=0.011). In linear regression with adjustment for baseline CCQ; older age, lower education, higher mMRC and BMI below 25 kg/m(2) at baseline were associated with worsened health status in 2012. When sex, age and all statistically significant measures were included simultaneously in the analysis of the main study group, higher mMRC and BMI below 25 kg/m(2) were were associated with deteriorated health status (P<0.0001). A higher level of dyspnoea and lower weight were associated with worse health status in COPD. Strategies for decreasing dyspnoea and awareness of the possible increased risk of worsening disease in under- and normal-weight COPD patients are clinically important.
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| 19. |
- Zdolsek, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma disappearance rate of albumin when infused as a 20% solution
- 2022
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - : BMC. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 26:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The transcapillary leakage of albumin is increased by inflammation and major surgery, but whether exogenous albumin also disappears faster is unclear. Methods An intravenous infusion of 3 mL/kg of 20% albumin was given over 30 min to 70 subjects consisting of 15 healthy volunteers, 15 post-burn patients, 15 patients who underwent surgery with minor bleeding, 10 who underwent surgery with major bleeding (mean, 1.1 L) and 15 postoperative patients. Blood Hb and plasma albumin were measured on 15 occasions over 5 h. The rate of albumin disappearance from the plasma was quantitated with population kinetic methodology and reported as the half-life (T-1/2). Results No differences were observed for T-1/2 between volunteers, post-burn patients, patients who underwent surgery with minor bleeding and postoperative patients. The T-1/2 averaged 16.2 h, which corresponds to 3.8% of the amount infused per h. Two groups showed plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein of approximately 60 mg/L and still had a similarly long T-1/2 for albumin. By contrast, patients undergoing surgery associated with major hemorrhage had a shorter T-1/2, corresponding to 15% of the infused albumin per h. In addition, our analyses show that the T-1/2 differ greatly depending on whether the calculations consider plasma volume changes and blood losses. Conclusion The disappearance rate of the albumin in 20% preparations was low in volunteers, in patients with moderately severe inflammation, and in postoperative patients.
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