| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Das, I, et al.
(författare)
-
AXL and CAV-1 play a role for MTH1 inhibitor TH1579 sensitivity in cutaneous malignant melanoma
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Cell death and differentiation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5403 .- 1350-9047. ; 27:7, s. 2081-2098
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is the deadliest form of skin cancer and clinically challenging due to its propensity to develop therapy resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce DNA damage and play a significant role in CMM. MTH1 protein protects from ROS damage and is often overexpressed in different cancer types including CMM. Herein, we report that MTH1 inhibitor TH1579 induced ROS levels, increased DNA damage responses, caused mitotic arrest and suppressed CMM proliferation leading to cell death both in vitro and in an in vivo xenograft CMM zebrafish disease model. TH1579 was more potent in abrogating cell proliferation and inducing cell death in a heterogeneous co-culture setting when compared with CMM standard treatments, vemurafenib or trametinib, showing its broad anticancer activity. Silencing MTH1 alone exhibited similar cytotoxic effects with concomitant induction of mitotic arrest and ROS induction culminating in cell death in most CMM cell lines tested, further emphasizing the importance of MTH1 in CMM cells. Furthermore, overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinase AXL, previously demonstrated to contribute to BRAF inhibitor resistance, sensitized BRAF mutant and BRAF/NRAS wildtype CMM cells to TH1579. AXL overexpression culminated in increased ROS levels in CMM cells. Moreover, silencing of a protein that has shown opposing effects on cell proliferation, CAV-1, decreased sensitivity to TH1579 in a BRAF inhibitor resistant cell line. AXL-MTH1 and CAV-1-MTH1 mRNA expressions were correlated as seen in CMM clinical samples. Finally, TH1579 in combination with BRAF inhibitor exhibited a more potent cell killing effect in BRAF mutant cells both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we show that TH1579-mediated efficacy is independent of BRAF/NRAS mutational status but dependent on the expression of AXL and CAV-1.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Duffy, DL, et al.
(författare)
-
Publisher Correction: Novel pleiotropic risk loci for melanoma and nevus density implicate multiple biological pathways
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 299-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Fan Liu and M. Arfan Ikram, which were incorrectly given as Fan Lui and Arfan M. Ikram. In addition, the original version of this Article also contained errors in the author affiliations which are detailed in the associated Publisher Correction.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Das, I, et al.
(författare)
-
Combining ERBB family and MET inhibitors is an effective therapeutic strategy in cutaneous malignant melanoma independent of BRAF/NRAS mutation status
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Cell death & disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 10:9, s. 663-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current treatment modalities for disseminated cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) improve survival; however, relapses are common. A number of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGFR and MET have been reported to be involved in CMM metastasis and in the development of resistance to therapy, targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK pathway). IHC analysis showed that patients with higher MET protein expression had a significantly shorter overall survival. In addition, silencing of MET caused an upregulation of EGFR and p-AKT, which was abrogated by concomitant silencing of MET and EGFR in CMM cells resistant to MAPK-targeting drugs. We therefore explored novel treatment strategies using clinically approved drugs afatinib (ERBB family inhibitor) and crizotinib (MET inhibitor), to simultaneously block MET and ERBB family RTKs. The effects of the combination were assessed in cell culture and spheroid models using established CMM and patient-derived short-term cell lines, and an in vivo xenograft mouse model. The combination had a synergistic effect, promoting cell death, concomitant with a potent downregulation of migratory and invasive capacity independent of their BRAF/NRAS mutational status. Furthermore, the combination attenuated tumor growth rate, as ascertained by the significant reduction of Ki67 expression and induced DNA damage in vivo. Importantly, this combination therapy had minimal therapy-related toxicity in mice. Lastly, the cell cycle G2 checkpoint kinase WEE1 and the RTK IGF1R, non-canonical targets, were altered upon exposure to the combination. Knockdown of WEE1 abrogated the combination-mediated effects on cell migration and proliferation in BRAF mutant BRAF inhibitor-sensitive cells, whereas WEE1 silencing alone inhibited cell migration in NRAS mutant cells. In summary, our results show that afatinib and crizotinib in combination is a promising alternative targeted therapy option for CMM patients, irrespective of BRAF/NRAS mutational status, as well as for cases where resistance has developed towards BRAF inhibitors.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Golovko, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Exon resequencing of PMEL in Swedish melanoma patients
- 2012
-
Ingår i: The melanocyte and its environment. - Bologna, Italy : Medimond. - 9788875876784 ; , s. 15-18
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Interplay between ultraviolet radiation and skin pigmentation appears to be one of the major risk factors for melanoma development. Allelic variants in a number of pigmentation genes have been associated with increased melanoma susceptibility. PMEL is a melanosomal membrane protein primarily involved in eumelanin synthesis. PMEL functional mutations resulting in hypopigmentation have been identified in a number of vertebrate species, including Dominant white in chickens, Silver in horses, and Merle in dogs. A complete loss of PMEL in transgenic mice had a dramatic effect on the morphology of the melanosomes in skin, hair, and eye, and led to a substantial reduction in the content of eumelanin. No human PMEL mutation associated with any phenotypic effects or disorders has yet been reported. In this study we have investigated the possibility that PMEL mutations may be associated with an increased susceptibility to melanoma in a Nordic polulation by sequencing all 11 exons of PMEL in a cohort of 60 Swedish melanoma patients with a history of familial melanoma. No mutations, apart from the two synonymous SNPs common in general European populations, were found, demonstrating that PMEL mutations do not appear to be a common cause for melanoma susceptibility.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Hayward, N, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel high risk genes of melanoma
- 2017
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY. - 0926-9959. ; 31, s. 9-9
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Helgadottir, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Efficacy of novel immunotherapy regimens in patients with metastatic melanoma with germline CDKN2A mutations
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Genetics. - : BMJ. - 0022-2593 .- 1468-6244. ; 57:5, s. 316-321
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Inherited CDKN2A mutation is a strong risk factor for cutaneous melanoma. Moreover, carriers have been found to have poor melanoma-specific survival. In this study, responses to novel immunotherapy agents in CDKN2A mutation carriers with metastatic melanoma were evaluated. Methods CDKN2A mutation carriers that have developed metastatic melanoma and undergone immunotherapy treatments were identified among carriers enrolled in follow-up studies for familial melanoma. The carriers' responses were compared with responses reported in phase III clinical trials for CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors. From publicly available data sets, melanomas with somatic CDKN2A mutation were analysed for association with tumour mutational load. Results Eleven of 19 carriers (58%) responded to the therapy, a significantly higher frequency than observed in clinical trials (p=0.03, binomial test against an expected rate of 37%). Further, 6 of the 19 carriers (32%) had complete response, a significantly higher frequency than observed in clinical trials (p=0.01, binomial test against an expected rate of 7%). In 118 melanomas with somatic CDKN2A mutations, significantly higher total numbers of mutations were observed compared with 761 melanomas without CDKN2A mutation (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001). Conclusion Patients with CDKN2A mutated melanoma may have improved immunotherapy responses due to increased tumour mutational load, resulting in more neoantigens and stronger antitumorous immune responses.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
