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| 2. |
- Armesto, N., et al.
(författare)
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Heavy-ion collisions at the LHC-Last call for predictions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 35:5, s. 054001-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This writeup is a compilation of the predictions for the forthcoming Heavy Ion Program at the Large Hadron Collider, as presented at the CERN Theory Institute 'Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions', held from 14th May to 10th June 2007.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Altintzoglou, T., et al.
(författare)
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"It gives me peace of mind". A new perspective on the identification of quality cues on salmon fillet products in Japan and the USA
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aquaculture. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0044-8486 .- 1873-5622. ; 554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The way in which perceived quality affects consumer food choice is complex due to variations in intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes that interface with personal factors and the socio-cultural context. Taking the example of salmon fillets sold in the USA and Japan, this study uses a think-aloud protocol (TAP) as a data collection method and a corpus (text data)-driven approach as an analytical tool for uncovering how consumers infer quality cues on salmon fillets. The study aims to help in designing representative studies and may help in explaining survey results. The findings indicate that consumers infer quality under the influence of multiple factors, including individual knowledge of food production, processing and cooking, personal preferences based on culinary heritage and the socio-cultural environment. This study also shows how a TAP can be used in combination with text mining to provide richer insights into consumer choice.
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| 5. |
- Bacon, WE, et al.
(författare)
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International comparison of hip fracture rates in 1988-89
- 1996
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. - 0937-941X. ; 6:1, s. 69-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Fynbo, H. O. U., et al.
(författare)
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Ar-31 examined: New limit on the beta-delayed three-proton branch
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 59:4, s. 2275-2277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have remeasured the decay of Ar-31 with a setup sensitive to multiparticle decay branches and obtained. a new limit of 1.1 x 10(-3) (99% C.L.) on the beta-delayed three-proton branch between the isobaric analog state in Cl-31 and the ground state of Si-28. This a factor of 17 below the previously reported first observation of beta-delayed three-proton emission in Ar-31. The limit on a possible beta 3p branch to the first excited state in Si-28 is 2.9 x 10(-4). [S0556-2813(99)04404-0].
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| 8. |
- Fynbo, H. O. U., et al.
(författare)
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The beta 2p decay mechanism of Ar-31
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 677, s. 38-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured the beta-decay of Ar-31 with a high granularity setup sensitive to multiparticle decay branches. Two-proton emission is observed from the isobaric analog state in Cl-31 to the four lowest states in P-29 and furthermore from a large number of states fed in Gamow-Teller transitions. The mechanism of two-proton emission is studied via energy and angular correlations between the two protons. In all cases the mechanism is found to be sequential yielding information about states in S-30 up to 8 MeV excitation energy. Improved data on the beta-delayed one-proton branches together with the two-proton data provide precise information about the beta-strength distribution up to 15 MeV excitation energy.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Honkanen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated deactivation studies of the natural-gas oxidation catalyst-Verifying the role of sulfur and elevated temperature in catalyst aging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373 .- 1873-3883. ; 182, s. 439-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accelerated deactivation, caused by thermal aging (TA) and/or sulfur + water poisoning (SW), of the PtPd/gamma-Al2O3 natural-gas oxidation catalyst was studied. Thermal aging and poisoning treatments were performed separately and with varied combinations and comprehensive characterization of the catalyst was carried out after each step. The fresh catalyst has small, oxidized PtPd particles (<5 nm) uniformly distributed in the gamma-alumina washcoat. After the SW-treatment, a small amount of bulk aluminum sulfate was observed near the slightly grown noble metal particles. During the thermal aging, gamma-alumina changed to delta-/theta- and alpha-alumina. In addition, total decomposition of oxidized Pt and partly decomposition of oxidized Pd occurred resulting in the formation of the grown noble metal particles with a bimetallic PtPd core and a polycrystalline PdO shell. Also few, small (similar to 5 nm) bimetallic PtPd particles were still detected. In the TA + SW-treated catalyst with grown noble metal particles, a small amount of bulk aluminum sulfate was detected and it was randomly distributed over the noble metal particles and washcoat. The activity in the terms of methane conversion over the TA-, SW-, and SW + TA-treated catalysts was similar but it was decreased compared to the fresh catalyst. The activity of the TA+SW-treated catalyst was drastically decreased compared to the fresh catalyst due to significant morphological changes and aluminum sulfate formation.
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| 13. |
- Kanerva, M., et al.
(författare)
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Automatization and stress analysis data of CoCr laser weld fatigue tests
- 2019
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3409. ; 26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work includes raw and analyzed test data when using a recently developed fatigue test method for miniature laser welds in cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy joints [1]: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.004. The automization of fatigue tests is crucial for saving costs and personnel resources and that is the reason why the atomization threshold and the resulting spectrum data related to CoCr welds are provided here. The finite element method based stress computation output is provided related to shearing-mode tests to support the dataset as a whole. In addition, the compositional data of the parent material and the laser weld are given.
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| 14. |
- Kanerva, M., et al.
(författare)
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Miniature CoCr laser welds under cyclic shear : Fatigue evolution and crack growth
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. - : ELSEVIER. - 1751-6161 .- 1878-0180. ; 99, s. 93-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Miniature laser welds with the root depth in the range of 50-300 pm represent air-tight joints between the components in medical devices, such as those in implants, growth rods, stents and various prostheses. The current work focuses on the development of a fatigue test specimen and procedure to determine fatigue lives of shear-loaded laser welds. A cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy is used as a benchmark case. S-N graphs, damage process, and fracture surfaces are studied by applying x-ray analysis, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy both before and after the crack onset. A non-linear material model is fitted for the CoCr alloy to run finite element simulations of the damage and deformation. As a result, two tensile-loaded specimen designs are established and the performance is compared to that of a traditional torque-loaded specimen. The new generation specimens show less variation in the determined fatigue lives due to well-defined crack onset point and, therefore, precise weld seam load during the experiments. The fatigue damage concentrates to the welded material and the entire weld experiences fatigue prior to the final, fracture-governed failure phase. For the studied weld seams of hardened CoCr, a regression fatigue limit of 10.8-11.8 MPa, where the stress refers to the arithmetic average shear stress computed along the region dominated by shear loading, is determined.
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| 15. |
- Kanerva, Tomi, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructural characteristics of vehicle-aged heavy-duty diesel oxidation catalyst and natural gas three-way catalyst
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Techniques to control vehicle engine emissions have been under increasing need for development during the last few years in the more and more strictly regulated society. In this study, vehicle-aged heavy-duty catalysts from diesel and natural gas engines were analyzed using a cross-sectional electron microscopy method with both a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. Also, additional supporting characterization methods including X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and catalytic performance analyses were used to reveal the ageing effects. Structural and elemental investigations were performed on these samples, and the effect of real-life ageing of the catalyst was studied in comparison with fresh catalyst samples. In the real-life use of two different catalysts, the poison penetration varied greatly depending on the engine and fuel at hand: the diesel oxidation catalyst appeared to suffer more thorough changes than the natural gas catalyst, which was affected only in the inlet part of the catalyst. The most common poison, sulphur, in the diesel oxidation catalyst was connected to cerium-rich areas. On the other hand, the severities of the ageing effects were more pronounced in the natural gas catalyst, with heavy structural changes in the washcoat and high concentrations of poisons, mainly zinc, phosphorus and silicon, on the surface of the inlet part.
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| 16. |
- Kanis, J A, et al.
(författare)
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The use of multiple sites for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis international. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 17:4, s. 527-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: It has been suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) measurements should be made at multiple sites, and that the lowest T-score should be taken for the purpose of diagnosing osteoporosis. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the use of BMD measurements at the femoral neck and lumbar spine alone and in combination for fracture prediction. METHODS: We studied 19,071 individuals (68% women) from six prospective population-based cohorts in whom BMD was measured at both sites and fracture outcomes documented over 73,499 patient years. BMD values were converted to Z-scores, and the gradient of risk for any osteoporotic fracture and for hip fracture was examined by using a Poisson model in each cohort and each gender separately. Results of the different studies were merged using weighted beta-coefficients. RESULTS: The gradients of risk for osteoporotic fracture and for hip fracture were similar in men and women. In men and women combined, the risk of any osteoporotic fracture increased by 1.51 [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.42-1.61] per standard deviation (SD) decrease in femoral-neck BMD. For measurements made at the lumbar spine, the gradient of risk was 1.47 (95% CI=1.38-1.56). Where the minimum of the two values was used, the gradient of risk was similar (1.55; 95% CI=1.45-1.64). Higher gradients of risk were observed for hip fracture outcomes: with BMD at the femoral neck, the gradient of risk was 2.45 (95% CI=2.10-2.87), with lumbar BMD was 1.57 (95% CI=1.36-1.82), and with the minimum value of either femoral neck and lumbar spine was 2.11 (95% CI=1.81-2.45). Thus, selecting the lowest value for BMD at either the femoral neck or lumbar spine did not increase the predictive ability of BMD tests. By contrast, the sensitivity increased so that more individuals were identified but at the expense of specificity. Thus, the same effect could be achieved by using a less stringent T-score for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS: Since taking the minimum value of the two measurements does not improve predictive ability, its clinical utility for the diagnosis of osteoporosis is low.
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| 19. |
- Tuomi, T, et al.
(författare)
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Improved prandial glucose control with lower risk of hypoglycemia with nateglinide than with glibenclamide in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3
- 2006
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1935-5548 .- 0149-5992. ; 29:2, s. 189-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE - To study the effect of the short-acting insulin secretagogue nateglinide in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3), which is characterized by a defective insulin response to glucose and hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We compared the acute effect of nateglinide, glibenclamide, and placebo on prandial plasma glucose and serum insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon excursions in 15 patients with MODY3. After an overnight fast, they received on three randomized occasions placebo, 1.25 mg glibenclamide, or 30 mg nateglinide before a standard 450-kcal test meal and light bicycle exercise for 30 min Starting 140 min after the ingestion of the first test drug. RESULTS - insulin peaked earlier after nateglinide than after glibenclamide or placebo (median [interquartile range] time 70 [50] vs. 110 [20] vs. 110 [30] min, P = 0.0002 and P = 0.0025, respectively). Consequently, compared with glibenclamide and placebo, the peak plasma glucose (P = 0.031 and P < 0.0001) and incremental glucose areas under curve during the first 140 min of the test (P = 0.041 and P < 0.0001) remained lower after nateglinide. The improved prandial glucose control with nateglinide was achieved with a lower peak insulin concentration than after glibenclamide (47.0 [26.0] vs. 80.4 [71.7] mU/l; P = 0.023). Exercise did not induce hypoglycemia after nateglinide or placebo, but after glibenclamide six patients experienced symptomatic hypoglycemia and three had to interrupt the test. CONCLUSIONS - A low dose of nateglinide prevents the acute postprandial rise in glucose more efficiently than glibenclamide and with less stimulation of peak insulin concentrations and less hypoglycemic symptoms.
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