| 1. |
- Barman, Linda, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions in online discussion forums - an underutilized resource for learning?
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). - Covington, KY, USA : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work-in progress research paper addresses how the discussion forums in online courses are made useful to promote students' learning. This qualitative study investigates the interactions between learners, as well as between learners and teachers in MOOCs. Community of Inquiry was used as an analytical framework to unveil how the discussions made in the online environment may connect to the course participants' learning processes. Preliminary findings indicate that the interactions taking place in the discussion forums primarily concerns issues regarding course structure. Very few posts concern challenging reasoning or, conversations that may support learners to deepen their understanding of the subject matter at hand.
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and Circulating Levels of Perlecan in Breast Cancer : Implications for Oestrogen Dependent Stromal Remodeling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1083-3021 .- 1573-7039. ; 25, s. 69-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Localised breast cancer can be cured by surgery and adjuvant treatments, but mortality remains high as some tumours metastasize early. Perlecan is a basement membrane (BM) protein involved in tumour development and progression. Here, mRNA and protein expression of perlecan, and mRNA expression of matrix degrading enzymes were studied in normal breast and invasive breast cancer, and correlated to prognostic risk factors, in particular oestrogen status. Moreover, plasma levels of perlecan were measured in patients with breast cancer and compared with controls. mRNA data was extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Perlecan protein expression was visualized using immunofluorescence and plasma levels measured by ELISA assay. Perlecan mRNA levels were twice as high in normal breast compared with breast cancer tissue. A strong correlation was found between mRNA expression of perlecan and several matrix-degrading enzymes in oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumours. Perlecan protein was localized to both epithelial and vascular BMs, but absent in the stroma in normal breast. In breast cancer, the expression of perlecan in epithelial BM was fragmented or completely lost, with a marked upregulation of perlecan expression in the stroma. Significantly higher levels of perlecan were found in plasma of ER+ patients when compared with ER- patients. This study shows that perlecan expression and degradation in breast cancer may be linked to the ER status of the tumour.
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| 3. |
- Jansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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MiR-155-mediated loss of C/EBP beta shifts the TGF-beta response from growth inhibition to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 32:50, s. 5614-5624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During breast cancer progression, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) switches from acting as a growth inhibitor to become a major promoter of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanisms involved in this switch are not clear. We found that loss of CCAAT-enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP beta), a differentiation factor for the mammary epithelium, was associated with signs of EMT in triple-negative human breast cancer, and in invasive areas of mammary tumors in MMTV-PyMT mice. Using an established model of TGF-beta-induced EMT in mouse mammary gland epithelial cells, we discovered that C/EBP beta was repressed during EMT by miR-155, an oncomiR in breast cancer. Depletion of C/EBP beta potentiated the TGF-beta response towards EMT, and contributed to evasion of the growth inhibitory response to TGF-beta. Furthermore, loss of C/EBP beta enhanced invasion and metastatic dissemination of the mouse mammary tumor cells to the lungs after subcutaneous injection into mice. The mechanism by which loss of C/EBP beta promoted the TGF-beta response towards EMT, invasion and metastasis, was traced to a previously uncharacterized role of C/EBP beta as a transcriptional activator of genes encoding the epithelial junction proteins E-cadherin and coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor. The results identify miR-155-mediated loss of C/EBP beta as a mechanism, which promotes breast cancer progression by shifting the TGF-beta response from growth inhibition to EMT, invasion and metastasis.
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| 4. |
- Jansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic Value of Stromal Type IV Collagen Expression in Small Invasive Breast Cancers
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-889X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Localized breast cancer can be cured by surgery and adjuvant therapy, but mortality remains high for tumors that metastasize early. Type IV collagen is a basement membrane protein, and breach of this extracellular matrix structure is the first step of cancer invasion. Type IV collagen is found in the stroma of many cancers, but its role in tumor biology is unclear. Here, expression of type IV collagen in the stroma of small breast cancers was analyzed, correlated to clinically used prognostic biomarkers and patient survival. The findings were further validated in an independent gene expression data cohort. Tissue samples from 1,379 women with in situ and small invasive breast cancers (<= 15 mm) diagnosed in 1986-2004 were included. Primary tumor tissue was collected into tissue microarrays. Type IV collagen expression in tissues was visualized using immunohistochemistry. Gene expression data was extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Out of 1,379 women, 856 had an invasive breast cancer and type IV collagen staining was available for 714 patients. In Kaplan-Meier analysis high type IV collagen expression was significantly associated (p = 0.026) with poorer breast cancer specific survival. There was no correlation of type IV collagen expression to clinically used prognostic biomarkers. High type IV collagen expression was clearly associated to distant metastasis (p = 0.002). In an external validation cohort (n = 1,104), high type IV collagen mRNA expression was significantly (p = 0.041) associated with poorer overall survival, with overexpression of type IV collagen mRNA in metastatic tissue. Stromal type IV collagen expression in the primary tumor correlates to poor breast cancer specific survival most likely due to a higher risk of developing distant metastasis. This ECM protein may function as biomarker to predict the risk of future metastatic disease in patients with breast cancers.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Jansson, Malin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Stromal type I collagen in breast cancer : correlation to prognostic biomarkers and prediction of chemotherapy response
- 2024
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Ingår i: Clinical Breast Cancer. - : Elsevier. - 1526-8209 .- 1938-0666.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Fibrillar collagens accumulate in the breast cancer stroma and appear as poorly defined spiculated masses in mammography imaging. The prognostic value of tissue type I collagen remains elusive in treatment-naïve and chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients. Here, type I collagen mRNA and protein expression were analysed in 2 large independent breast cancer cohorts. Levels were related to clinicopathological parameters, prognostic biomarkers, and outcome.Method: COL1A1 mRNA expression was analysed in 2509 patients with breast cancer obtained from the cBioPortal database. Type I collagen protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in 1395 women diagnosed with early invasive breast cancer.Results: Low COL1A1 mRNA and protein levels correlated with poor prognosis features, such as hormone receptor negativity, high histological grade, triple-negative subtype, node positivity, and tumour size. In unadjusted analysis, high stromal type I collagen protein expression was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.61-0.99, p = .043) and trended towards improved breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS) (HR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.42-1.01, P = 0.053), although these findings were lost after adjustment for other clinical variables. In unadjusted analysis, high expression of type I collagen was associated with better OS (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.55-0.90, P = .006) and BCSS (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34-0.88, P = .014) among patients not receiving chemotherapy. Strikingly, the opposite was observed among patients receiving chemotherapy. There, high expression of type I collagen was instead associated with worse OS (HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 0.65-5.14, P = .25) and BCSS (HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 0.54-5.50, P = .357).Conclusion: Low stromal type I collagen mRNA and protein expression are associated with unfavourable tumour characteristics in breast cancer. Stromal type I collagen might predict chemotherapy response.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Malin, 1978-
(författare)
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The role of stroma-derived substances in breast cancer progression and their function as tumour markers
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: In 2020, more than 2,260,000 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Most patients are cured with surgery and adjuvant treatment, but despite that, approximately 700,000 women die of the disease every year. The historical focus on breast cancer progression has been on the malignant epithelial cell. However, cancer cells do not grow in isolation. In recent years, the importance of the tumour microenvironment in cancer progression has been highlighted. Perlecan and type IV collagen are basement membrane (BM) proteins in the normal mammary gland, and type I collagen is the main fibrillar collagen in the interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM). In cancer development, perlecan and type IV collagen have multifunctional roles and when degraded from the BM, bioactive substances and other fragments are released in the circulation. Significant ECM changes also occur that lead to an accumulation of fibrillar collagens. Given their abundance in the ECM; perlecan, type IV and type I collagen are of interest for breast cancer progression and may be of importance as new biomarkers to monitor disease, predict patient outcome and the treatment effect.Aim: In this thesis, the protein and mRNA expression of perlecan, type IV and I collagen in breast cancer tissue is studied. The aim is to characterize the expression pattern of these proteins in breast cancer tissue and to see whether there is a correlation to known prognostic biomarkers and to the patient prognosis. Moreover, to evaluate circulating perlecan and type IV collagen as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer patients.Methods: In this thesis project, eight different patient cohorts were used. In freshly frozen normal breast and breast cancer tissue, perlecan protein expression was visualized using immunofluorescence. Type IV and I collagen protein expression were studied with immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded primary breast cancer tissue, and type IV collagen in metastatic breast cancer tissue. For gene expression analysis, mRNA and clinicopathological data were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas and cBioportal database. Circulating plasma levels of perlecan were analysed in breast cancer patients and controls, circulating levels of CA15-3 and type IV collagen in patients with primary and metastatic breast cancer as well as controls. Perlecan and type IV collagen were measured with ELISA assays, and CA15-3 were using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.Results: In breast cancer tissue, perlecan and type IV collagen protein expression in the epithelial BM was fragmented or completely lost, and perlecan and type IV collagen was expressed to varying extent in the tumour stroma. The mRNA analysis confirmed that type IV collagen mRNA was expressed in primary breast cancer tissue and highly expressed in metastatic tissue. Type I collagen was mostly highly expressed in the tumour stroma. Low type I collagen protein and mRNA expression correlated with biomarkers for aggressive breast cancer, but no effect on survival could be seen. Among patients receiving chemotherapy, low stromal type I collagen protein expression was associated with better survival compared to high expression, even after adjusting for other relevant factors. There was no correlation of perlecan or type IV collagen protein expression to clinically used prognostic biomarkers, but an oestrogen receptor dependent correlation between mRNA expression of perlecan and several matrix-degrading enzymes were found. Survival analysis showed that high stromal type IV collagen protein and mRNA expression in the primary tumour was significantly associated with a poorer survival, and high protein expression with a risk of developing distant metastasis. Metastatic breast cancer patients had higher levels of circulating type IV collagen compared to healthy controls and patients with primary breast cancer. High circulating type IV collagen levels correlated with poorer survival in metastatic breast cancer patients, and was superior to CA15-3 at detecting metastatic breast cancer.Conclusions: The protein expression pattern of perlecan, type IV collagen and type I collagen become abnormal during breast cancer development. Stromal type IV collagen protein and mRNA in the primary tumour correlates to poorer prognosis, most likely due to a higher risk of developing metastatic disease. Circulating type IV collagen can function as a biomarker for detecting metastatic disease in patients with primary breast cancer and is prognostic in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Low stromal type I collagen is a marker for an aggressive breast cancer disease and can predict chemotherapy response.
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| 8. |
- Lager, Susanne, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Perinatal lack of maternal IL-6 promotes increased adiposity during adulthood in mice.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 152:4, s. 1336-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perinatal environment appears important in establishing metabolic phenotypes in adulthood. Mice deficient in IL-6 (IL-6(-/-)) tend to develop mature-onset obesity, but it is unknown whether perinatal exposure to IL-6 produced by the dam influences the metabolism of adult offspring. To address this issue, we monitored IL-6(-/-) offspring of IL-6(-/-) or IL-6(+/-) dams, as well as wild-type (WT) mice. At adult age, IL-6(-/-) mice weighed significantly more and had more body fat than WT mice, regardless of maternal genotype, and had lower insulin sensitivity. This phenotype was more pronounced in IL-6(-/-) offspring of IL-6(-/-) dams, because they gained weight significantly faster than IL-6(-/-) offspring of IL-6(+/-) dams and had more body fat and higher serum leptin levels at an earlier age. The leptin content was 2-fold higher in milk from IL-6(-/-) than WT dams. However, cross-fostering IL-6(-/-) mice with WT dams did not alter body weight, body composition, or adipocyte size at adult age compared with IL-6(-/-) mice fostered by IL-6(-/-) dams. Conversely, WT mice fostered by IL-6(-/-) dams weighed significantly more than those fostered by WT dams and had more body fat, larger adipocytes, and altered hypothalamic gene expression. We conclude that body fat of adult mice can be increased by perinatal exposure to factors affected by lack of maternal IL-6.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lyth, Johan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in cutaneous malignant melanoma in Sweden 1997-2011: Thinner tumours and improved survival among men
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 172:3, s. 700-706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Both patient survival and the proportion of patients diagnosed with thin cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) have been steadily rising in Sweden as in most western countries, though the rate of improvement in survival appears to have declined in Sweden at the end of last millennium.Objectives: To analyse the most recent trends in the distribution of tumour thickness (T-category) as well as CMM-specific survival in Swedish patients diagnosed 1997-2011.Methods: This nationwide population-based study included 30 590 patients registered in the Swedish Melanoma Register (SMR) and diagnosed with a first primary invasive CMM 1997-2011. The patients were followed through 2012 in the national Cause-of-Death Register.Results: Logistic and Cox regression analyses adjusting for age at diagnosis, tumour site, and health care region were carried out. The odds ratio for being diagnosed with thicker tumours was significantly reduced (P = 0·0008) and the CMM-specific survival significantly improved in men diagnosed 2007-2011 compared to men diagnosed 1997-2001 (hazard ratio=0·81; 95% CI 0·72-0·91, P = 0·0009) while the corresponding differences for women were not significant. Women were diagnosed with significantly thicker tumours during 2002-2006 and a tendency towards decreased survival was observed compared to those diagnosed earlier 1997-2001 and later 2007-2011.Conclusion: In Sweden, the CMMs of men are detected earlier over time and this seems to be followed by an improved CMM-specific survival for men. Women are still diagnosed with considerably thinner tumours and they experience a better survival than men.
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| 11. |
- Naeser, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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TRIM study protocol - a prospective randomized multicenter Trial to assess the Role of Imaging during follow-up after radical surgery of stage IIB-C and III cutaneous malignant Melanoma
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is increasing worldwide. In Sweden, over 4600 cases were diagnosed in 2018. The prognosis after radical surgery varies considerably with tumor stage. In recent years, new treatment options have become available for metastatic CMM. Early onset of treatment seems to improve outcome, which suggests that early detection of recurrent disease should be beneficial. Consequently, in several countries imaging is a part of the routine follow-up program after surgery of high risk CMM. However, imaging has drawbacks, including resources required (costs, personnel, equipment) and the radiation exposure. Furthermore, many patients experience anxiety in waiting for the imaging results and investigations of irrelevant findings is another factor that also could cause worry and lead to decreased quality of life. Hence, the impact of imaging in this setting is important to address and no randomized study has previously been conducted. The Swedish national guidelines stipulate follow-up for 3years by clinical examinations only.MethodsThe TRIM study is a prospective randomized multicenter trial evaluating the potential benefit of imaging and blood tests during follow-up after radical surgery for high-risk CMM, compared to clinical examinations only. Primary endpoint is overall survival (OS) at 5years. Secondary endpoints are survival from diagnosis of relapse and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Eligible for inclusion are patients radically operated for CMM stage IIB-C or III with sufficient renal function for iv contrast-enhanced CT and who are expected to be fit for treatment in case of recurrence. The planned number of patients is >1300. Patients are randomized to clinical examinations for 3years +/- whole-body imaging with CT or FDG-PET/CT and laboratory tests including S100B protein and LDH. This academic study is supported by the Swedish Melanoma Study Group.DiscussionThis is the first randomized prospective trial on the potential benefit of imaging as a part of the follow-up scheme after radical surgery for high-risk CMM.ResultsThe first patient was recruited in June 2017 and as of April 2020, almost 500 patients had been included at 19 centers in Sweden.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT 03116412. Registered 17 April 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT03116412
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| 12. |
- Pang, M-F, et al.
(författare)
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TGF-beta 1-induced EMT promotes targeted migration of breast cancer cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of CCR7/CCL21-mediated chemotaxis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 35:6, s. 748-760
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of breast cancer and many other types of cancer. Yet it is not clear how tumor cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary tumor cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 1) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during inflammation. EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of TGF-beta 1 to promote CCR7/CCL21-mediated crosstalk between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, TGF-beta 1 promoted CCR7 expression in EMT cells through p38 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the JunB transcription factor. Blockade of CCR7, or treatment with a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic mice. On the other hand, TGF-beta 1 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify TGF-beta 1-induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates tumor cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that p38 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of tumor cells.
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| 13. |
- Rask, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation of tumour subtype with long-term outcome in small breast carcinomas: a Swedish population-based retrospective cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6806 .- 1573-7217. ; 195:3, s. 367-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate if molecular subtype is associated with outcome in stage 1 breast cancer (BC). Methods Tissue samples from 445 women with node-negative BC <= 15 mm, treated in 1986-2004, were classified into surrogate molecular subtypes [Luminal A-like, Luminal B-like (HER2-), HER2-positive, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)]. Information on treatment, recurrences, and survival were gathered from medical records. Results Tumour subtype was not associated with overall survival (OS). Luminal B-like (HER2-) and TNBC were associated with higher incidence of distant metastasis at 20 years (Hazard ratio (HR) 2.26; 95% CI 1.08-4.75 and HR 3.24; 95% CI 1.17-9.00, respectively). Luminal B-like (HER2-) and TNBC patients also had worse breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), although not statistically significant (HR 1.53; 95% CI 0.70-3.33 and HR 1.89; 95% CI 0.60-5.93, respectively). HER2-positive BC was not associated with poor outcome despite no patient receiving HER2-targeted therapy, with most of these tumours being ER+. Conclusions Stage 1 TNBC or Luminal B-like (HER2-) tumours behave more aggressively. Women with HER2+/ER+ tumours do not have an increased risk of distant metastasis or death, absent targeted treatment.
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| 14. |
- Adolfsson, Annsofie, et al.
(författare)
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Prototype for Internet support of pregnant women and mothers with type I diabetes : focus group testing
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychology Research and Behavior Management. - : Dovepress. - 1179-1578. ; 5, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to pilot test a prototype website called MODIAB-web designed to support pregnant women and mothers with type 1 diabetes.Method: A focus group was undertaken and the results were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Eight subthemes were identified, comprising "blood glucose versus insulin," "application for smart phones," "the time aspect," "interface and technology," "forum," "direct link to the diabetes midwife," "ask the expert," and "lack of contact information." These subthemes were condensed into two main themes. The first theme was "easily understood interface, but in need of a more blood-glucose focused orientation" and the second theme was "forum for interaction with both equals and experts."Conclusion: The women in this study had positive impressions of several of the MODIAB-web functions, including a forum for pregnant mothers with type 1 diabetes and the possibility of being able to put their blood glucose levels into a diagram which could be sent directly to the diabetes midwife. Access to articles and information via the "fact" tab and the ability to ask questions of experts were also significantly helpful to women in the focus group. Pregnant women and mothers with type 1 diabetes can gain support from such a Web-based self-help system.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Almstedt Jansson, Malin, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Bibliometri för uppföljning och utvärdering : Högskolan i Gävle 2010-2016 (Version 2.1)
- 2016
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I samband med arbetet att utforma de nya kunskapsmiljöerna vid Högskolan i Gävle fick biblioteket i uppdrag att ta fram statistik och bibliometriska mått för publiceringen vid Högskolan. Syftet med uppdraget var att ta fram data som grund för framtida utvärderingar och uppföljningar av verksamheten utifrån dessa kunskapsmiljöer.Följande rapport innehåller statistik avseende publiceringen vid Högskolan i Gävle, citeringsanalyser samt analys av samförfattande. Statistiken presenteras för hela Högskolan, för respektive kunskapsmiljöer samt för forskningsämnet biologi.
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| 17. |
- Almstedt Jansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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En effektiv naturvård
- 2011
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Ingår i: Naturvårdskedjan – för en effektiv naturvård. - 9789189232600 ; :48, s. 12-24
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
- Almstedt Jansson, Malin
(författare)
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Konstnärliga småttingar
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biodiverse. - 1401-5064. ; 15, s. 26-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 19. |
- Almstedt Jansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av programmet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Naturvårdskedjan – för en effektiv naturvård. - 9789189232600 ; :48, s. 362-369
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Alrutz, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Projektledning
- 2013
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Projektledning är ett yrke med egen certifiering. Det pågår en spännande utveckling inom området och det blir allt viktigare att hålla sig ajour med utvecklingen.Det övergripande målet med den här handboken är att vara en ständigt aktuell heltäckande bok om projektarbete. Innehållsmässigt täcker den både frågor som har med struktur och styrning att göra och frågor om ledning av människor och mänskliga processer i grupp. Kompetens inom projekt byggs av både kunskap och erfarenhet. Vi följer kontinuerligt aktuell forskning inom dessa områden och bjuder in intressanta forskare att medverka som författare. Vi skildrar verkliga projekt och låter erfarenheterna få plats, både de bästa erfarenheterna och de utmaningar som man tagit sig igenom.Handboken är levande och det innebär att artiklar tas bort för att ge plats för nya, i takt med att den uppdateras fortlöpande.
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| 21. |
- Axelsson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory symptoms increase health care consumption and affect the everyday life : a cross-sectional population-based study from Finland, Estonia and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Clinical Respiratory Journal. - : Co-Action. - 2001-8525. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Even though respiratory symptoms are common in the adult population, there is limited research describing their impact on everyday life and association with health care consumption. Aim: The main objective of this population-based study was to estimate and compare the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among adults in Finland, Estonia, and Sweden in relation to health care consumption and to identify factors influencing health care consumption. A secondary aim was to assess to which extent the presence of respiratory symptoms affect everyday life. Method: In the population-based FinEsS studies consisting of random samples of subjects aged 20 to 69 years from Finland (n 1,337), Estonia (n 1,346), and Sweden (n 1,953), data on demographics, respiratory health, and health care consumption were collected by structured interviews. Prevalence was compared and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Respiratory symptoms were significantly more common in Finland (66.0%) and Estonia (65.2%) than in Sweden (54.1%). Among subjects with respiratory symptoms, the proportion reporting outpatient care during the past year was fairly similar in the three countries, while specialist consultations were more common in Finland (19.1%), and hospitalisations more common in Estonia (15.0%). Finnish and Estonian residency, female sex, and BMI 25 increased the risk for outpatient care consumption. Wheeze and attacks of shortness of breath in the past 12 months, recurrent sputum production, and cough were associated with an increased risk for health care consumption. Increasing number of respiratory symptoms increased the risk for consuming health care. A larger proportion of subjects in Estonia and Sweden experienced their everyday life being affected by respiratory symptoms compared with subjects in Finland. Conclusion: Respiratory symptoms are common in Finland, Estonia, and Sweden and contribute to a negative impact on everyday life as well as increased health care consumption. The observed differences in health care consumption between countries are probably related to national differences in health care structure.
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| 22. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased COPD prevalence in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking
- 2020
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1465-9921 .- 1465-993X. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCOPD has increased in prevalence worldwide over several decades until the first decade after the millennium shift. Evidence from a few recent population studies indicate that the prevalence may be levelling or even decreasing in some areas in Europe. Since the 1970s, a substantial and ongoing decrease in smoking prevalence has been observed in several European countries including Sweden. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors for COPD in the Swedish general population. A further aim was to estimate the prevalence trend of COPD in Northern Sweden from 1994 to 2009.MethodsTwo large random population samples were invited to spirometry with bronchodilator testing and structured interviews in 2009–2012, one in south-western and one in northern Sweden, n = 1839 participants in total. The results from northern Sweden were compared to a study performed 15 years earlier in the same area and age-span. The diagnosis of COPD required both chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and the presence of respiratory symptoms, in line with the GOLD documents since 2017. CAO was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70, with sensitivity analyses based on the FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal (LLN) criterion.ResultsBased on the fixed ratio definition, the prevalence of COPD was 7.0% (men 8.3%; women 5.8%) in 2009–2012. The prevalence of moderate to severe (GOLD ≥ 2) COPD was 3.5%. The LLN based results were about 30% lower. Smoking, occupational exposures, and older age were risk factors for COPD, whereof smoking was the most dominating risk factor. In northern Sweden the prevalence of COPD, particularly moderate to severe COPD, decreased significantly from 1994 to 2009, and the decrease followed a decrease in smoking.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was particularly low. The decrease follows a major decrease in smoking prevalence over several decades, but smoking remained the dominating risk factor for COPD.
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| 23. |
- Barman, Linda, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Reframing the design for learning in MOOCs
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). - Covington, KY, USA : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this research to practice paper we report on a framework for learning design useful to identify expertise that is needed when creating courses in digital environments, such as MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses). The framework is based on research emphasizing active and meaningful learning, variation in activities and, feedback. Five different domains of course design for online learning is included in the framework; 1) overall course design, 2) platform possibilities, 3) learning activities, 4) videos, and the design of 5) graded assignments. Each of these domains is associated with certain knowledge and expertise. Applying the framework suggested here can help learning designers and teachers in making purposeful choices and prioritize resources to further enhance student learning.
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| 24. |
- Berg Jansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Orienteringsbok : Social innovation i Norrbotten
- 2014
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- VAD ÄR SOCIAL INNOVATION I NORRBOTTEN? Det är den fråga som denna orienteringsbok ska besvara. Boken ger särskilt exempel på hur social innovation – i betydelsen av nya varor, tjänster metoder m.m. som är utvecklade på ett socialt inkluderande sätt och som leder till social förändring – kan vara en väg till jämlik och jämställd regional tillväxt. De exempel som presenteras i boken har hämtats från en rad olika organisationer och verksamheter i Norrbotten, med särskilt fokus på Sunderby folkhögskola, Hushållningssällskapet i Norrbotten, Hela Sverige Ska Leva Norrbotten, Coompanion Nord, Winnet Norrbotten och Magma.
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| 25. |
- Berntsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Late Holocene high precipitation events recorded in lake sediments and catchment geomorphology, Lake Vuoksjavratje, NW Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Boreas. - : Wiley. - 0300-9483 .- 1502-3885. ; 44:4, s. 676-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we show the potential of combining multi-proxy analysis of lake sediments with catchment geomorphology to better understand palaeoenvironmental changes. Previous studies have suggested that alpine lakes in N Sweden may be highly sensitive to variations in catchment erosion and precipitation, and that this sensitivity may influence ecologically based reconstructions of past temperature changes. We analysed lake sediments covering the last 5100 years from the alpine Lake Vuoksjavratje in NW Sweden in order to identify different erosional regimes in the lake catchment, sediment sources and lake sedimentary processes, which ultimately affect the palaeoecological record. The measured proxies include elemental geochemistry from XRF core scanning, grain size, sediment accumulation rates, fraction of terrestrial organic carbon and geomorphological mapping, supported by previously published chironomid and total organic carbon data. From the integrated results we identified time intervals when increased intensity of precipitation altered sedimentation and lake catchment erosional processes. The most prominent event occurred c. 2900 cal. a BP and is interpreted to be the result of excessive precipitation, possibly related to the climatic shift towards cooler and wetter conditions referred to as the 2.8 ka event.
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