| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Luftföroreningar vid svetsning
- 1977
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PIXE-analyser kan utföras med utvecklad analysuppställning med noggrannhet och precision av c:a 10 % och med hög analyskapacitet. Ett dataprogram för evaluering av räntgenspektra presenteras. Inverkan av provtjocklek vid PIXE-analys av inhomogena prov har studerats och korrektioner föreslås. Fluorinnehållet i filterprov har bestämts, samtidigt med PIXE-analys, genom utnyttjande av en kärnfysikalisk reaktion som ger resultat med god noggrannhet och precision. Svetsaerosoler har karakteriserats m.h.a. PIXE, ESCA och TEM/EDAX. En uppställning för insamling av svetsaerosoler under utveckling och hittillsvarande resultat indikerar representativ provinsamling med god reproducerbarhet.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-Aided Planning of Production, Working and Residential Environments
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 17:1, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses a computer-aided planning methodology and its applicability for planning of industrial production and working environments as well as for planning of residential and working environments for the differently abled. The methodology has been developed and evaluated in six case studies in mechanical industries and in six case studies related to adaptations for the differently abled. The results from the case studies indicate that computer-supported modelling and visualisation may serve as a common and efficient language facilitating communication about multifaceted environmental planning issues. The methodology is a cost-effective way of demonstrating layout ideas and testing dynamic activities like manufacturing and transportation. Corporate groups comprising people involved in, or affected by, development work seem to be a fruitful approach for cooperation, one which enhances learning and creativity. Such groups may be a proper forum for the dissemination of information, exchange of opinions, utilisation of both expert and lay experiences, and for public testing of current reality or future plans in such a way that mutual understanding between different professional categories is increased, hence promoting internal commitment.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Lars-Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Miljöanalys med hjälp av kärnfysikalisk teknik - PIXE
- 1981
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Ingår i: Ordo. - 0345-8970. ; 15:3, s. 3-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under de senaste tio åren har en känslig analysmetod för grundämnen utvecklats vid institutionen för kärnfysik vid LTH. Metoden kallas PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emisson) och medger att mycket små förekomster (109 – 1012 g) av grundämnen kanbestämmas i små prov. Metoden är snabb. Ett par minuters analys ger en samtidig bestämning av ett stort antal grundämnen. Analysmetoden används nu i ett stort antal laboratorier runt om i världen och har funnit tillämpning inom en rad olika områden såsom medicin, biologi, yrkes- och omgivningshygien, meteorologi, geologi samt arkeologi. I Lund har metoden huvudsakligen använts för omfattande studier av föroreningar i arbetsmiljö och yttre miljö, varför vi först redogör för vårt arbete inom dessa tillämpningsområden, varefter vi beskriver de fysikaliska principerna för analysmetoden och utvecklingsarbetet med den.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Luftföroreningar vid svetsning
- 1978
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Beskrivning ges av utveckling av analysuppställning för PIXE-analys, kombinerad med metod för analys av fluor. Vidareutveckling av spektrumevalueringsprogram, HEX, presenteras. Beskrivning av utförda svetsröskarakteriseringar ges. Resultat redovisas för följande belagda elektroder: OK 48.00, OK 38.65 samt OK 61.41. För sistnämnda, rostfria elektrod, presenteras procedur för bestämning av kroms valenstal och löslighet.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Planning of Production and Working Environment
- 1994
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Ingår i: Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management -IV. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. ; , s. 499-504, s. 499-504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Success of design projects depends on their quality from a technical and economic point of view and on the quality of their implementation and use. This paper discusses a computer aided planning (CAP) technique and its applicability and quality in both these respects. One version of the CAP-technique is developed for planning of industrial working environments and another version for planning of residential and working environments for physically handicapped.
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| 9. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Elemental Abundance Variation with Particle Size in Aerosols from Welding Operations
- 1974
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Nuclear Methods in Environmental Research. ; , s. 395-401
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of airborne particulate matter on human health is today of considerable research interest. Essential parameters include elemental composition sampling with low pressure cascade impactors and analysis by particle induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE). It is shown that the aerosol generated by arc welding operations is several orders of magnitude denser than aerosols in ambient air. Most of the mass is found on particles between 0.1 and 1µm diameter, but the size distribution differs from one welding technique to another. The relative composition of the aerosol is found to differ significantly from that of both the welding piece and the electrode indicating the presence of fractionation of the type indicated in this work in designing electrodes and welding pieces to minimize the health hazards associated with the welding.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ameur, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Adaptation of Fatty-Acid Metabolism : A Human-Specific Haplotype Increasing the Biosynthesis of Long-Chain Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 90:5, s. 809-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Omega-3 and omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are essential for the development and function of the human brain. They can be obtained directly from food, e.g., fish, or synthesized from precursor molecules found in vegetable oils. To determine the importance of genetic variability to fatty-acid biosynthesis, we studied FADS1 and FADS2, which encode rate-limiting enzymes for fatty-acid conversion. We performed genome-wide genotyping (n = 5,652 individuals) and targeted resequencing (n = 960 individuals) of the FADS region in five European population cohorts. We also analyzed available genomic data from human populations, archaic hominins, and more distant primates. Our results show that present-day humans have two common FADS haplotypes-defined by 28 closely linked SNPs across 38.9 kb-that differ dramatically in their ability to generate LC-PUFAs. No independent effects on FADS activity were seen for rare SNPs detected by targeted resequencing. The more efficient, evolutionarily derived haplotype appeared after the lineage split leading to modern humans and Neanderthals and shows evidence of positive selection. This human-specific haplotype increases the efficiency of synthesizing essential long-chain fatty acids from precursors and thereby might have provided an advantage in environments with limited access to dietary LC-PUFAs. In the modern world, this haplotype has been associated with lifestyle-related diseases, such as coronary artery disease.
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| 13. |
- Andrén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Att lära sig språk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2 - människans språk 1-2. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 73-89
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 14. |
- Bamia, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans : the EPIC-Elderly Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 10:6, s. 590-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the association of a posteriori dietary patterns with overall survival of older Europeans.Design and setting: This is a multi-centre cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association of the prevailing, a posteriori-derived, plant-based dietary pattern with all-cause mortality in a population of subjects who were 60 years or older at recruitment to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort). Analyses controlled for all known potential risk factors.Subjects: In total, 74 607 men and women, 60 years or older at enrolment and without previous coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, with complete information about dietary intakes and potentially confounding variables, and with known survival status as of December 2003, were included in the analysis.Results: An increase in the score which measures the adherence to the plant-based diet was associated with a lower overall mortality, a one standard deviation increment corresponding to a statistically significant reduction of 14% (95% confidence interval 5–23%). In country-specific analyses the apparent association was stronger in Greece, Spain, Denmark and The Netherlands, and absent in the UK and Germany.Conclusions: Greater adherence to the plant-based diet that was defined a posteriori in this population of European elders is associated with lower all-cause mortality. This dietary score is moderately positively correlated with the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score that has been constructed a priori and was also shown to be beneficial for the survival of the same EPIC-Elderly cohort.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bohgard, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Nu krävs satsning på forskning för ett hållbart arbetsliv
- 2021
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Ingår i: Dagens Medicin. - 1104-7488.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Debatt: Vi vill att forskningsråden skapar tvärvetenskapliga regionala forskningscentrum för arbetslivsforskning, som är internationellt konkurrenskraftiga och ger nationellt och regionalt kunskapsstöd. Dessa centrum ska ge kunskaper för både befintliga och framtida utmaningar. Stora vinster kan fås om forskning om folkhälsa och yttre miljö samordnas i centrumen. Arbetslivet är grunden för hälsa, välstånd och ett välfungerande samhälle. För att säkra att framtidens arbetsliv bidrar till hälsa och välstånd behövs både kunskap om hur det ska utformas och en uthållig infrastruktur för forskning. Tyvärr saknas detta. Gammal kunskap faller i glömska.
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| 17. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Skriftsystem
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - 9789144083391
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 18. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Tankar om språk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 299-314
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Holmer, Arthur, et al.
(författare)
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Språk i världen
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 91-124
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Johansson, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomic Evaluation of Two Different Locations of the Scales in a Supermarket Checkout System
- 1993
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Ingår i: Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety V. ; , s. 667-674
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this pilot study was to ergonomically evaluate the effect of the location of the scales in a supermarket checkout system. A location of the scales to the left of the cashier was compared with a location under the conveyor belt. Two cashiers were videotaped while working with the two scale locations, in both sitting and standing working postures. Analysis of the video tapes was performed using the WOPALAS method, the VIRA method, and by noting certain positions of the left arm. The left wrist movements were registered by a two-dimensional goniometer. The results indicate that the location under the conveyor belt is somewhat more ergonomically favourable. The improvement is more pronounced for the cashier with a greater reach.
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Workplace Redesign of a Grocery Checkout System
- 1998
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - 1872-9126. ; 29:4, s. 261-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on the working postures and movements of a cashier when two different locations of the scales (one to the left of the cashier, the other under the conveyer belt in front of the cashier) were used in a grocery checkout system. Two cashiers (of average stature and short stature) were videotaped while working, in both sitting and standing working positions. Analysis of the video tapes was performed using the WOPALAS method and video observations. The results of the study show that the design of the checkout system with the scales under the conveyer belt provides a more favourable working position for both the taller and the shorter cashier. Additionally, the results indicate that a standing position is more favourable than a sitting one for the taller cashier while for the shorter cashier the sitting position is better.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Johansson, Magdalena, 1984-
(författare)
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Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism with focus on risk markers
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a vascular disease with an incidence of approximately 140 cases per 100,000 person-years in adults. The incidence of VTE has increased over the last decades, and more than 20% of affected individuals die in the first year after diagnosis. To reduce the incidence of VTE, it is important to identify modifiable risk factors for the condition.Aims: The aims of this thesis were a) To study the incidence of first-time VTE and the prevalence of risk markers for VTE at the time of VTE diagnosis, b) To determine the validity of diagnoses of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in administrative registries, and c) To study the association between glucose levels, diabetes, alcohol consumption, physical activity and risk of first-time VTE.Methods: To determine the incidence of first-time VTE and the prevalence of risk markers for VTE at the time of VTE diagnosis, a retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted. The study included all adult residents of Västerbotten County during the year 2006. All other aims were addressed in the prospective, population-based Venous thromboEmbolism In Northern Sweden (VEINS) cohort study. The VEINS cohort included 108,025 residents of Västerbotten County aged 30 to 60 years without previous VTE events. They were included from 1985 onwards and were followed until a VTE event, death, emigration, or the study end on September 5, 2014. All underwent a health examination within the Västerbotten Intervention Programme where weight, height, blood pressure and glucose levels were measured, and answered a questionnaire regarding smoking, education level, medication use, history of diabetes, alcohol intake and physical activity. VTE diagnoses were validated by review of medical records and radiology reports. To study the validity of diagnoses of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in administrative registries, a registry search for International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes indicating pulmonary embolism and/or deep vein thrombosis events was made in the Swedish National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. An additional search using an extended set of International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes was performed in order to identify misclassified events.Results: The incidence of first-time VTE was 137 (95% confidence interval [CI] 122–154) per 100,000 adults per year. The most common risk markers for VTE were recent hospitalization and concurrent malignancy. The positive predictive value for a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was 80.7% (95% CI 78.4–82.9), and that of deep vein thrombosis 59.2% (95% CI 56.7–61.7). Misclassification occurred in 1.1% (95% CI 0.4–1.7) of pulmonary embolism events and in 16.4% (95% CI 14.2–18.7) of deep vein thrombosis events. In the VEINS cohort, a total of 2,054 participants experienced an objectively verified first-time VTE event during approximately 1.5 million person-years of follow-up. In univariable analysis, there were associations between fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test two-hour post-load plasma glucose, diabetes and increased risk of first-time VTE. These associations were attenuated after adjustment for potential confounders, and were no longer significant. There was an association between alcohol consumption and risk of first-time VTE in men (P for trend 0.02 after adjustments for increased risk of first-time VTE over quartiles of weekly alcohol consumption). Alcohol dependence was associated with risk of first-time VTE in men (hazard ratio [HR] 1.30; 95% CI 1.07–1.59 after adjustments). In women, there were no significant associations between alcohol consumption and risk of first-time VTE. Women who performed leisure time physical activity at least once a week had a lower risk of first-time VTE (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.71–0.98 after adjustments) compared to women with less or no physical activity. Women with high occupational physical activity also had a lower risk of first-time VTE (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74–0.98 after adjustments). In men, there were no consistent association between either measure of physical activity and risk of first-time VTE. Conclusions: VTE is a common vascular disease. Registry data on diagnoses of pulmonary embolism, but not deep vein thrombosis, is of acceptable quality and can be considered for use in registry-based studies. Glucose levels and diabetes are not associated with risk of first-time VTE. Alcohol intake and alcohol dependence are associated with an increased risk of first-time VTE in men, whereas high leisure time physical activity and occupational physical activity are associated with a decreased risk of first-time VTE in women.
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| 25. |
- Johansson, Thomas B, et al.
(författare)
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Analytical Use of Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission
- 1976
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - 0236-5731. ; 32:1, s. 207-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton-induced X-ray emission, PIXE, is capable of simultaneous quantitative determination of 10-15 elements. An introduction to the physical properties of the method is given and detection limits are shown for a routine analysis of a thin aerosol sample. Examples of applications to both thick and thin samples are presented. Human tooth dentine is analysed for lead, with simple sample preparation, indicating lead values of a few ppm for Swedish children. Quantitative analyses of several other elements are obtained simultaneously. Cascade impactors axe used for sampling aerosols in work environment during welding operations giving information of size distribution and concentrations of the elements present. The aerosol is dominated by particle sizes between 0.5 and 2 um as measured by the impactor, but the size distributions are different for different elements and welding techniques and depend on the distance from the welding source. The relative abundance of the elements found in the aerosol indicates the presence of fractionation mechanisms.
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