| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n=1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 5. |
- Björktomta, Siv-Britt, 1962
(författare)
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Om patriarkat, motstånd och uppbrott – tjejers rörelse i sociala rum
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation focuses on some young girls and their family relations. My aim has been to investigate how some of those girls with foreign background who in media, government documents and project descriptions have come to be categorized as “vulnerable girls in patriarchal families” – what has come to be termed honour-related violence and oppression, HRV – describe their situation themselves. The selection consists of eleven girls between 16 and 20 years old who have expressed that they live with restrictions and control of their social life and their sexuality. This means that it is the girls’ subjective experiences that have defined their vulnerability and delimited the selection. The core of the study comprises (family) relations, with gender and generation as dimensions of power. The study moves within two fields of tension, one of which deals with generation and concerns the relation between parental authority and children’s dependence and vulnerability. The other field deals with gender and concerns conflicts between men’s domination and women’s subordination. The theoretical basis consists of theories of patriarchy together with Bourdieu’s theories of habitus and symbolic violence, which provide an understanding of the context that the interviewees found themselves in. Central for this understanding is how norms and values are transferred from the older to the younger generation. For a deepening of the habitus concept, theories are used from emotion sociology about the coupling between feelings, cognition and action, which become useful in the analysis of the girl’s self-reflections, their relations to their parents, and regarding their space for action. The experience described by the interviewees concerned areas such as gender and sexuality, generation, dominance and power, violence, ethnicity, culture and religion, but in the interviews there was also a bodily and emotional dimension. This dimension emerged during the analytical work as increasingly significant for understanding the whole. The families’ norms and values can be described as traditional values in three areas: (1) a strong sexual morality together with control of women’s sexuality; (2) norms of honour, meaning among other things that great emphasis was placed on the family’s honour, which was symbolized by the daughter’s virginity; (3) gendered practices that were concretized in the interviews through the fact that the man was seen primarily as the family provider while the household and children were the woman’s responsibility. The patriarchal family formations that the interviewees described I will understand as variations of patriarchy formed within transnational social spaces in a late modern society. The idea that a daughter’s virginity is the symbol of the family’s reputation and honour meant that the interviewees, in a special way, had to shoulder the burden of being cultural symbols and boundary markers – with moral implications – between the “Swedish” and the “non-Swedish”. Resistance against the boy-friend ban and the virginity requirement was presented by all the interviewees. They lived a double life. Through various strategies the girls tried increasing their space for action, and when the resistance became visible – when the boundary transgressions were discovered – the father made use of his resources of power. Patriarchy was manifested in different ways within the families, and how the power was exercised had importance for the resistance’s form and expression, but it also emerged that these factors relate to each other in a dynamically changing interaction. The resistance influenced the power in many ways as well. An important distinction between the families concerned violence. In five families, there were accounts of actual physical violence, and in another family there had been threats of physical violence. The interviewees found themselves at the intersection between a patriarchal field and a field characterized by a more free view of sexuality and with strong discourses of equality and children’s rights. It was within these frameworks that their movements and resistance played out. A result that has emerged during the analytical work is the father’s position and significant function as a point of reference in the girls’ narratives – the father’s authority and power were taken for granted in virtually all the families. Another result is that through the diverse expressions of patriarchy the emotional ties between father and daughter existed in the great majority of the families. Parallel with emotional dependence between father and daughter, most of the girls wanted more emotional closeness, a closeness that could also promote a dialogue and better communication. The relation between mother and daughter emerged as complex and contradictory.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Demmelmaier, Ingrid, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Does exercise intensity matter for fatigue during (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment? The Phys-Can randomized clinical trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 31:5, s. 1144-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercise during cancer treatment improves cancer-related fatigue (CRF), but the importance of exercise intensity for CRF is unclear. We compared the effects of high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise with or without additional behavior change support (BCS) on CRF in patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment. This was a multicenter, 2x2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (Clinical Trials NCT02473003) in Sweden. Participants recently diagnosed with breast (n = 457), prostate (n = 97) or colorectal (n = 23) cancer undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment were randomized to high intensity (n = 144), low-to-moderate intensity (n = 144), high intensity with BCS (n = 144) or low-to-moderate intensity with BCS (n = 145). The 6-month exercise intervention included supervised resistance training and home-based endurance training. CRF was assessed by Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI, five subscales score range 4-20), and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale (FACIT-F, score range 0-52). Multiple linear regression for main factorial effects was performed according to intention-to-treat, with post-intervention CRF as primary endpoint. Overall, 577 participants (mean age 58.7 years) were randomized. Participants randomized to high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise had lower physical fatigue (MFI Physical Fatigue subscale; mean difference −1.05 [95% CI: −1.85, −0.25]), but the difference was not clinically important (ie <2). We found no differences in other CRF dimensions and no effect of additional BCS. There were few minor adverse events. For CRF, patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment for breast, prostate or colorectal cancer can safely exercise at high- or low-to-moderate intensity, according to their own preferences. Additional BCS does not provide extra benefit for CRF in supervised, well-controlled exercise interventions.
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| 9. |
- Gaines, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Six-week follow-up after HIV-1 exposure: a position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:2, s. 93-98
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV) conducted a review and analysis of the state of knowledge on the duration of follow-up after exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Up until then a follow-up of 12 weeks after exposure had been recommended, but improved tests and new information on early diagnosis motivated a re-evaluation of the national recommendations by experts representing infectious diseases and microbiology, county medical officers, the RAV, the Public Health Agency, and other national authorities. Based on the current state of knowledge the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the RAV recommend, starting in April 2015, a follow-up period of 6 weeks after possible HIV-1 exposure, if HIV testing is performed using laboratory-based combination tests detecting both HIV antibody and antigen. If point-of-care rapid HIV tests are used, a follow-up period of 8 weeks is recommended, because currently available rapid tests have insufficient sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 antigen. A follow-up period of 12 weeks is recommended after a possible exposure for HIV-2, since presently used assays do not include HIV-2 antigens and only limited information is available on the development of HIV antibodies during early HIV-2 infection. If pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis is administered, the follow-up period is recommended to begin after completion of prophylaxis. Even if infection cannot be reliably excluded before the end of the recommended follow-up period, HIV testing should be performed at first contact for persons who seek such testing.
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| 10. |
- Gandham, Anoohya, et al.
(författare)
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Sarcopenia definitions and their association with fracture risk in older Swedish women
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 39:4, s. 453-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of three sarcopenia definitions and their associations with fracture risk in older Swedish women when adjusted for fracture risk assessment (FRAX)-based risk factors; 2,883 women with a mean age of 77.8 years were included. Sarcopenia was defined based on the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC; low handgrip strength [kg] and gait speed (m/s)), revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2; low appendicular lean mass index, appendicular lean mass [ALM]/height; kg/m2], and hand grip strength [kg]), and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS; low ALM (kg), and hand grip strength [kg]) definitions. Femoral neck T-score was obtained from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. All fractures, confirmed by X-ray or medical record review, were subsequently categorized as major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) and hip fractures. Deaths were verified through regional registers. The total follow-up time was 6.4 +/- 1.3 (mean +/- SD) yr. Cox regression (hazard ratios [HR] and 95% CIs) analyses were performed with adjustment for age, FRAX variables, and femoral neck T-score. Sarcopenia prevalence was 4.5% (n = 129) according to SDOC, 12.5% (n = 360) for EWGSOP2, and 10.3% (n = 296) defined by AWGS. Individuals with sarcopenia defined by SDOC had a higher mortality risk than individuals without sarcopenia (HR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.51, 4.62) after adjusting for age and FRAX variables. Sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 and AWGS was not associated with an increased fracture risk after adjusting for age and FRAX variables. Individuals with sarcopenia defined by SDOC had a higher risk for any fractures (HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.99) and MOF (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.98) compared with individuals without sarcopenia after adjusting for clinical risk factors used in FRAX. In conclusion, sarcopenia defined by SDOC, incorporating muscle function/strength, was the only sarcopenia definition associated with fracture risk in older women. This study aimed to investigate the risk of sarcopenia on fracture risk in older Swedish women. Data were utilized from 2,883 women aged 75-80 yr in the Swedish Sahlgrenska University Hospital Prospective Evaluation of Risk of Bone Fractures cohort. Sarcopenia was defined using three different definitions, including the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC), which includes grip strength and gait speed, while the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) definitions include appendicular lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and grip strength. The results demonstrated that SDOC-defined sarcopenia was associated with a higher mortality risk, with increased risk of any fractures, and major osteoporotic fractures, whereas the EWGSOP2 and AWGS definitions were not associated with fracture risk. In summary, the study demonstrates that sarcopenia defined by SDOC, considering muscle function and strength, rather than lean mass, was the only investigated sarcopenia definition associated with fracture risk.
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| 11. |
- Gandham, Anoohya, et al.
(författare)
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Sarcopenia definitions and their association with injurious falls in older Swedish women from the Sahlgrenska University Hospital Prospective Evaluation of Risk of Bone fractures (SUPERB) study
- 2024
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Ingår i: OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Summary Associations between different sarcopenia definitions and the risk of injurious falls were investigated in 75-80-year-old women in the Swedish SUPERB cohort. Only sarcopenia according to the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) definition was associated with incident injurious falls with and without fractures in older women. Purpose To investigate the association between three commonly used sarcopenia definitions and the risk of injurious falls in a population of older Swedish women. Methods A total of 2,883 75-80-year-old women with complete data on relevant sarcopenia definitions from the Swedish SUPERB cohort were studied. Sarcopenia was defined based on the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC: low handgrip strength and gait speed), revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2: low appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived), appendicular lean mass (kg)/height (m(2)), hand grip strength (kg), or low chair stand time (s)), and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS: low ALMI and hand grip strength (kg) or low gait speed (m/s)). Questionnaires captured the occurrence of falls in the past 12 months. Incident injurious falls were identified using national registers. Cox regression (hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)) analyses were performed without adjustment and after adjustment for age, body mass index, previous falls, and the Charlson comorbidity index. Results During a median (IQR) follow-up time of 7.06 (6.2-7.9) years, there were 491 injurious falls without fracture and 962 injurious falls when also including falls resulting in a fracture. Sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 and AWGS was not associated with an increased risk of injurious falls. Individuals with sarcopenia defined by SDOC had a higher risk of injurious falls with and without fracture (HR 2.11; 95% CI, 1.63-2.73 and HR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.55-3.02, respectively). Conclusion Sarcopenia definitions confined to muscle function and strength such as SDOC, rather than including DXA-determined ALMI (EWGSOP2 and AWGS), are associated with incident injurious falls with and without fractures in older women.
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| 12. |
- Hansson, A., et al.
(författare)
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The direction of human mesenchymal stem cells into the chondrogenic lineage is influenced by the features of hydrogel carriers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Tissue and Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3072 .- 0040-8166. ; 49:1, s. 35-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low back pain is a major public health issue in the Western world, one main cause is believed to be intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. To halt/diminish IVD degeneration, cell therapy using different biomaterials e.g. hydrogels as cell carriers has been suggested. In this study, two different hydrogels were examined (in vitro) as potential cell carriers for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) intended for IVD transplantation. The aim was to investigate cell- survival and chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs when cultured in hydrogels Puramatrix((R)) or Hydromatrix((R)) and potential effects of stimulation with growth hormone (GH). hMSCs/hydrogel cultures were investigated for cell-viability, attachment, gene expressionof chondrogenic markers SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). In both hydrogel types, hMSCs were viable for 28 days, expressed integrin beta 1 which indicates adhesion of hMSCs. Differentiation was observed into chondrocyte-like cells, in a higher extent in hMSCs/Hydromatrix((R)) cultures when compared to hMSCs/Puramatrix ((R)) hydrogel cultures. Gene expression analyses of chondrogenic markers verified results. hMSCs/hydrogel cultures stimulated with GH displayed no significant effects on chondrogenesis. In conclusion, both hydrogels, especially Hydromatrix((R)) was demonstrated as a promising cell carrier in vitro for hMSCs, when directed into chondrogenesis. This knowledge could be useful in biological approaches for regeneration of degenerated human IVDs.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Höjer, Ingrid, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
- 2018
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Ingår i: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409. ; 93, s. 135-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 Elsevier Ltd The aim of the article is to describe and discuss how issues related to schooling and educational achievement are recognized and addressed in social services case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care (OHC) in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Four cohorts were included in the study: children born 1967, 1977, 1987 and 1992. 40 case files were selected from each cohort (38 from the 1977 cohort), in total 158 cases. The analyses were made through a counting of rows related to schooling and education in the documents. Results were then processed in the statistical program SPSS. The results show that the level of recognition of schooling/education was low, and that it was more frequent when the child/young person had behaviour problems and/or was placed in residential care. Little attention was paid to changes of schools. On a positive note, there was an increased attention to education and schooling for the two latter cohorts (1987, 1992), and the involvement of children, young people and parents was also more visible. To conclude, the acknowledgement of schooling and education that should be present in all placements in OHC was not generally visible in the documents in the case files, although the level of attention had increased. The message for practice is that this issue need more attention on several levels: better planning for the transition between old and new school, a developed cooperation between social services, foster/residential care and schools and a pro-active approach from social services concerning education and schooling.
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| 15. |
- Igelström, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects on depression and anxiety of an internet-based stepped care intervention for patients with cancer and symptoms of depression and anxiety : The U-CARE AdultCan trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cancer is a serious disease that commonly causes significant psychological distress. The internet-based intervention (iCAN-DO), utilizing a stepped care approach for the treatment of anxiety and depression in individuals with cancer, has been shown to have favorable results for symptoms of depression at the primary endpoint, 10 months after randomization compared to standard care (SC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of the intervention 18 and 24 months after randomization.METHODS: Patients with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer and a score > 7 on either of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) subscales (n = 245) were recruited to the study in conjunction with a regular hospital visit. They were randomized to access to the stepwise iCAN-DO intervention for 24 months or to SC. Step 1 of the intervention comprised psycho-educative online material. In Step 2, internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy with individual online support from a therapist was added. Step 2 was offered to those who reported persistent anxiety or depression symptoms (>7 on HADS), also at 1, 4, and/or 7 months after randomization. Missing data were imputed using the last rank carried forward method and used for the main analyses according to the intention-to-treat approach. Effects sizes (Cohen's d), and minimally clinically important difference (MCID) were calculated. Linear mixed models were used to analyze intervention effects over time.RESULTS: Symptoms of depression decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the iCAN-DO group compared with the SC group from baseline to 18 months (d = 0.29), but not to 24 months (d = 0.27). Even though the average iCAN-DO group participant surpassed a MCID in symptoms of anxiety (>2 p) at both long-term follow-ups, the differences did not reach statistical significance, either at 18 months (p = 0.10) or 24 months (p = 0.09). Positive effects of iCAN-DO compared with the SC were also shown for some secondary HRQoL-outcomes; social functioning at 18 months (p = 0.02) and 24 months (p = 0.001), and sleep problems at 24 months (p = 0.01).CONCLUSION: A stepped-care internet-based intervention that has previously shown positive results for symptoms of depression at 10 months did show similar positive long-term effects also at 18 months. For symptoms of anxiety, no effect could be shown. The internet may provide an effective format for interventions to reduce symptoms of depression after cancer at patients' own choice of time, regardless of distance to a psycho-oncology clinic.
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| 16. |
- Jaiswal, Raju, et al.
(författare)
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Hemoglobin Levels Improve Fracture Risk Prediction in Addition to FRAX Clinical Risk Factors and Bone Mineral Density
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 108:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Anemia and decreasing levels of hemoglobin (Hb) have previously been linked to increased fracture risk, but the added value to FRAX, the most utilized fracture prediction tool worldwide, is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between anemia, Hb levels, bone microstructure, and risk of incident fracture and to evaluate whether Hb levels improve fracture risk prediction in addition to FRAX clinical risk factors (CRFs). METHODS: A total of 2778 community-dwelling women, aged 75-80 years, and part of a prospective population-based cohort study in Sweden were included. At baseline, information on anthropometrics, CRFs, and falls was gathered, blood samples were collected, and skeletal characteristics were investigated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. At the end of follow-up, incident fractures were retrieved from a regional x-ray archive. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 6.4 years. Low Hb was associated with worse total hip and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), and lower tibia cortical and total volumetric BMD, and anemia was associated with increased risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF; hazard ratio 2.04; 95% CI 1.58-2.64). Similar results were obtained for hip fracture and any fracture, also when adjusting for CRFs. The ratio between 10-year fracture probabilities of MOF assessed in models with Hb levels included and not included ranged from 1.2 to 0.7 at the 10th and 90th percentile of Hb, respectively. CONCLUSION: Anemia and decreasing levels of Hb are associated with lower cortical BMD and incident fracture in older women. Considering Hb levels may improve the clinical evaluation of patients with osteoporosis and the assessment of fracture risk.
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| 17. |
- Johansson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-species amplification and development of microsatellites for six species of European Coenagrionid damselflies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Conservation Genetics Resources. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1877-7252 .- 1877-7260. ; 4:1, s. 191-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the cross-amplification and development of new loci for six species of closely related European damselflies. First, twenty-nine published microsatellites for the damselflies Coenagrion puella and C. mercuriale were multiplexed using M13-tagged primers, tested on 23 individuals, and then cross-species amplified on 21-26 individuals of C. armatum, C. johanssoni, C. pulchellum and C. scitulum. Second, sixteen new primers were developed for use in C. armatum, C. johanssoni and C. scitulum, and screened on 21 individuals. Values for observed heterozygosities and number of alleles ranged between 0.00-0.87 and 2-19 respectively (over all loci and species). For all species the tested loci provide a minimum of 1-8 usable markers for population genetic studies.
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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De unga oregerliga männen
- 2012
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Ingår i: Att fostra familjen : en grundbok om styrning, föräldrarskap och socialtjänst / Helena Johansson, Margareta Bäck-Wiklund (red.). - Malmö : Lber. - 9789147097944
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale patterns in genetic variation, gene flow and differentiation in five species of European Coenagrionid damselfly provide mixed support for the central-marginal hypothesis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ecography. - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0906-7590 .- 1600-0587. ; 36:6, s. 744-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, an increased effort has been directed towards understanding the distribution of genetic variation within and between populations, particularly at central and marginal areas of a species' distribution. Much of this research is centred on the central-marginal hypothesis, which posits that populations at range margins are sparse, small and genetically diminished compared to those at the centre of a species' distribution range. We tested predictions derived from the central-marginal hypothesis for the distribution of genetic variation and population differentiation in five European Coenagrionid damselfly species. We screened genetic variation (microsatellites) in populations sampled in the centre and margins of the species' latitudinal ranges, assessed genetic diversity (HS) in the populations and the distribution of this genetic diversity between populations (FST). We further assessed genetic substructure and migration with Bayesian assignment methods, and tested for significant associations between genetic substructure and bioclimatic and spatial (altitude and latitude) variables, using general linearized models. We found no general adherence to the central-marginal hypothesis; instead we found that other factors such as historical or current ecological factors often better explain the patterns uncovered. This was illustrated in Coenagrion mercuriale whose colonisation history and behaviour most likely led to the observation of a high genetic diversity in the south and lower genetic diversity with increasing latitude, and in C. armatum and C. pulchellum whose patterns of low genetic diversity coupled with the weakest genetic differentiation at one of their range margins suggested, respectively, possible range shifts and recent, strong selection pressure.
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| 20. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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The unruly young men: Exploring some key constructions of masculinity within Swedish social services
- 2016
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Ingår i: Indian Journal of Social Work. - 0019-5634. ; 77:1, s. 21-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article draws on two research projects conducted at the University of Gothenburg and highlights how social workers construct and reconstruct young masculinities. In the light of recent debates in India, induced by the gang rapes in New Delhi, the intersection between masculinity and class is of great relevance to social work. Research from both countries highlights a problematic situation within social work as boys from lower social classes often are predicted to become low achievers or drug addicts. Instead our focal point should be turned towards how we in interaction with our surroundings are shaped as males and females.
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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The Unruly Young Men - Some Key Constructions of Masculinity within Swedish Social Services
- 2016
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Ingår i: Indian journal of social work. - 0019-5634. ; :January
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article draws on two research projects conducted at the University of Gothenburg and highlights how social workers construct and reconstruct young masculinities. In the light of recent debates in India, induced by the gang rapes in New Delhi, the intersection between masculinity and class is of great relevance to social work. Research from both countries highlights a problematic situation within social work as boys from lower social classes often are predicted to become low achievers or drug addicts. Instead our focal point should be turned towards how we in interaction with our surroundings are shaped as males and females
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Lena, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Improved fracture risk prediction by adding VFA-identified vertebral fracture data to BMD by DXA and clinical risk factors used in FRAX
- 2022
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 33:8, s. 1725-1738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vertebral fracture (VF) is a strong predictor of subsequent fracture. In this study of older women, VF, identified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), were associated with an increased risk of incident fractures and had a substantial impact on fracture probability, supporting the utility of VFA in clinical practice. Purpose Clinical and occult VF can be identified using VFA with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent VFA-identified VF improve fracture risk prediction, independently of bone mineral density (BMD) and clinical risk factors used in FRAX. Methods A total of 2852 women, 75-80 years old, from the prospective population-based study SUPERB cohort, were included in this study. At baseline, BMD was measured by DXA, VF diagnosed by VFA, and questionnaires used to collect data on risk factors for fractures. Incident fractures were captured by X-ray records or by diagnosis codes. An extension of Poisson regression was used to estimate the association between VFA-identified VF and the risk of fracture and the 5- and 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) was calculated from the hazard functions for fracture and death. Results During a median follow-up of 5.15 years (IQR 4.3-5.9 years), the number of women who died or suffered a MOF, clinical VF, or hip fracture was 229, 422, 160, and 124, respectively. A VFA-identified VF was associated with an increased risk of incident MOF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46-2.18), clinical VF (HR = 2.88; 95% [CI] 2.11-3.93), and hip fracture (HR = 1.67; 95% [CI] 1.15-2.42), adjusted for age, height, and weight. For women at age 75 years, a VFA-identified VF was associated with 1.2-1.4-fold greater 10-year MOF probability compared with not taking VFA into account, depending on BMD. Conclusion Identifying an occult VF using VFA has a substantial impact on fracture probability, indicating that VFA is an efficient method to improve fracture prediction in older women.
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| 23. |
- Johansson, P., et al.
(författare)
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Highly increased risk of fracture in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm
- 2021
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Ingår i: Leukemia & Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 62:1, s. 211-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The risk for hip and vertebral fracture was determined in 10,752 patients diagnosed with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) in Sweden 1995-2015. The mean follow-up time were 6.34 years. Five percent developed hip fracture and 1.3% a vertebral fracture. There was a significant increased risk for fracture among the MPN patients compared with the Swedish population. The ratio of observed (obs) and expected (exp) number of hip fracture in all MPN patients, polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia and MPN undetermined (MPNu) was 1.20 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.31), 1.37 (95% CI: 1.19-1.58), 1.02 (95% CI: 0.87-1.19), and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.07-1.52), respectively. Corresponding figures for vertebral fractures were 1.94 (95% CI: 1.64-2.29), 2.09 (95% CI: 1.56-2.75), 1.50 (95% CI: 1.06-2.07) and 2.47 (95% CI: 1.77-3.35), respectively. Patients with MPN had an increased risk of hip and vertebral fracture, especially patients with PV and MPNu in comparison with the entire Swedish population.
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| 24. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Increased risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures in 8463 patients who have undergone stem cell transplantation, a Swedish population-based study
- 2024
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Ingår i: OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this retrospective cohort study of adult stem cell transplanted patients (n = 8463), a significant increased risk of both MOF and hip fractures was seen compared with the Swedish population and occurred in mean more than 2 years after stem cell transplantation. Purpose To explore the risk for osteoporotic fracture in patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) compared with the Swedish population. Methods The risk of osteoporotic fractures was determined in a retrospective population cohort study of adult (>= 18 years) Swedish patients (n = 8463), who were transplanted with HSCT 1997-2016 and compared with all adults living in Sweden during the same period. Results In the total study group (n = 8463), 90 hip fractures (1.1% both in males and females) and 361 major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) (3.2% in men and 6.0% in women) were identified. In the total study population, the ratio of observed and expected number of hip fracture for women was 1.99 (95% CI 1.39-2.75) and for men 2.54 (95% CI 1.91-3.31). The corresponding ratio for MOF in women was 1.36 (CI 1.18-1.56) and for men 1.61 (CI 1.37-1.88). From 2005 onwards, when differentiation in the registry between allo- and auto-HSCT was possible, the observed number of hip fracture and MOF in allo-HSCT (n = 1865) were significantly increased (observed/expected hip fracture 5.24 (95% CI 3.28-7.93) and observed/expected MOF 2.08 (95% CI 1.63-2.62)). Fractures occurred in mean 2.7 (hip) and 2.5 (MOF) years after allo-HSCT. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was not associated with an increased risk of fracture. Conclusion Patients who underwent HSCT had an increased risk of both hip and major osteoporotic fracture compared with the Swedish population and occurred in 4.3% of patients. GVHD was not statistically significantly associated with fracture risk.
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| 25. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Risk of Hip Fracture in Patients with Lymphoma, a Swedish Population Study of 37,236 Lymphoma Patients.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Calcified tissue international. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0827 .- 0171-967X. ; 106, s. 591-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased bone loss has been noted in lymphoma patients; however, the incidence of hip fracture is not known. The aim of our study was to explore the risk for hip fracture in patients with lymphoma compared with the entire Swedish population. The risk of hip fracture was determined in a retrospective population cohort study of adult Swedish lymphoma patients (n=37,236), diagnosed 1995-2015 and compared with the entire Swedish population during the same period. The incidence of hip fracture in lymphoma patients was higher in women than in men, increased by age, and decreased by calendar year as also demonstrated in the total population. 2.2% of the men and 4.7% of women with lymphoma sustained a hip fracture. For the total group of females, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.19 (95% CI 1.11-1.28) and for men, the hazard ratio was 1.06 (95% CI 0.97-1.17) compared with the Swedish population. The HR for hip fracture (2016) was 2.80 (95% CI 1.20-6.53), 2.04 (95% CI 1.30-3.20), 1.56 (95% CI 1.21-2.01), 1.08 (95% CI 0.89-1.30), and 1.07 (95% CI 0.92-1.25) in females aged 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80years, respectively. Corresponding figures for men were not significant in 2016. Unmarried men with lymphoma had a two times higher risk for hip fracture (HR 2.02 95% CI 1.63-2.50) compared with married men. Patients with lymphoma had an increased risk of hip fracture, especially younger women and unmarried men. The incidence of hip fracture is decreased by calendar year in the lymphoma patients and the entire Swedish population.
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