| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 3. |
- Ambring, Anneli, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on blood lipids, vascular function and oxidative stress in healthy subjects.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clinical science (London, England : 1979). - 0143-5221. ; 106:5, s. 519-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mediterranean-inspired diets have been shown to decrease cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolaemia, who frequently exhibit endothelial dysfunction. The aims of the present study are to improve endothelial function by dietary intervention in healthy subjects with lipid levels representative of a Western population. Twenty-two healthy subjects (mean total cholesterol, 5.6 mmol/l) were given a Mediterranean-inspired diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids and sterol esters, but low in saturated fat, or an ordinary Swedish diet, for 4 weeks in a randomized cross-over study. The composition of the diets were: in the Swedish diet, 2090 kcal (where 1 kcal=4.184 kJ; 48% of energy from carbohydrate, 15% from protein and 36% from fat) and 19 g of fibre; in the Mediterranean-inspired diet, 1869 kcal (48% of energy from carbohydrate, 16% from protein, 34% from fat) and 40 g of fibre. After each dietary period, fasting blood lipids, insulin and glucose levels, as well as apo B (apolipoprotein B) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particle size, were analysed. Endothelial-dependent and -independent vasodilation was measured invasively by venous occlusion plethysmography, and arterial distensibility was assessed by echocardiography tracking. Fibrinolytic capacity across the forearm, as well as oxidative stress measured through urinary F(2)-isoprostane, were evaluated. Total, LDL- and apo B-cholesterol and triacylglycerol (triglyceride) concentrations were decreased by 17%, 22%, 16% and 17% respectively, after the Mediterranean-inspired diet compared with the Swedish diet ( P <0.05 for all). However, no differences in plasma concentrations of insulin and glucose and LDL particle size, endothelial function, arterial distensibility, fibrinolytic capacity or oxidative stress were detected. Treatment for 4 weeks with a Mediterranean-inspired diet decreased blood lipids in healthy individuals with a low-risk profile for cardiovascular disease. This beneficial effect was not mirrored in vascular function or oxidative stress evaluation.
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| 4. |
- Ambring, Anneli, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Mediterranean-inspired diet lowers the ratio of serum phospholipid n-6 to n-3 fatty acids, the number of leukocytes and platelets, and vascular endothelial growth factor in healthy subjects.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - 0002-9165. ; 83:3, s. 575-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Reduced cardiovascular mortality and morbidity have been shown in persons adhering to Mediterranean-inspired diets (MIDs). Although the underlying mechanisms of this association are poorly understood, the importance of increasing dietary amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series has been emphasized. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether a MID provided to healthy subjects would affect 1) the inflammatory process and endothelial indexes such as vasoregulation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and 2) serum phospholipid fatty acid composition. DESIGN: A total of 22 subjects (10 women) received a MID or an ordinary Swedish diet (OSD) for 4 wk in a crossover fashion. Concentrations of lipids and fatty acids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin 6, both before and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation; the number of leukocytes and platelets; and VEGF and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were analyzed. RESULTS: The plasma ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids was substantially lower after the MID than after the OSD (x +/- SEM: 4.72 +/- 0.19 and 2.60 +/- 0.17, respectively; P < 0.0001). Neither C-reactive protein nor interleukin 6 concentrations changed significantly after the MID compared with the OSD. The total number of leukocytes and platelets was 10% (P < 0.05) and 15% (P < 0.001) lower, respectively, after the MID than after the OSD. Serum VEGF concentrations were lower after the MID than after the OSD (237 +/- 30 and 206 +/- 25 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS: A MID reduces the number of platelets and leukocytes and VEGF concentrations in healthy subjects. This may be linked to higher serum concentrations of n-3 fatty acids, which promote a favorable composition of phospholipids.
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| 5. |
- Asp, Leif, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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A structural battery and its multifunctional performance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research. - : Wiley. - 2699-9412. ; 2:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering materials that can store electrical energy in structural load paths can revolutionize lightweight design across transport modes. Stiff and strong batteries that use solid-state electrolytes and resilient electrodes and separators are generally lacking. Herein, a structural battery composite with unprecedented multifunctional performance is demonstrated, featuring an energy density of 24 Wh kg-1 and an elastic modulus of 25 GPa and tensile strength exceeding 300 MPa. The structural battery is made from multifunctional constituents, where reinforcing carbon fibers (CFs) act as electrode and current collector. A structural electrolyte is used for load transfer and ion transport and a glass fiber fabric separates the CF electrode from an aluminum foil-supported lithium–iron–phosphate positive electrode. Equipped with these materials, lighter electrical cars, aircraft, and consumer goods can be pursued.
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| 6. |
- Asp, Leif E, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Fibre Composite Structural Batteries: A Review
- 2019
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Ingår i: Functional Composites and Structures. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 2631-6331.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in structural battery composites research. Structural battery composites are a class of structural power composites aimed to provide mass-less energy storage for electrically powered structural systems. Structural battery composites are made from carbon fibres in a structural electrolyte matrix material. Neat carbon fibres are used as a structural negative electrode, exploiting their high mechanical properties, excellent lithium insertion capacity and high electrical conductivity. Lithium iron phosphate coated carbon fibres are used as the structural positive electrode. Here, the lithium iron phosphate is the electrochemically active substance and the fibres carry mechanical loads and conduct electrons. The surrounding structural electrolyte is lithium ion conductive and transfers mechanical loads between fibres. With these constituents, structural battery half-cells and full-cells are realised with a variety in device architecture. The paper also presents an overview of material modelling and characterisation performed to date. Particular reference is given to work performed in national and European research projects under the leadership of the authors, who are able to provide a unique insight into this emerging and exciting field of research.
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| 7. |
- Cattaruzza, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid polymer-liquid lithium ion electrolytes: effect of porosity on the ionic and molecular mobility
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 11:13, s. 7006-7015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alternative electrolyte systems such as hybrid electrolytes are much sought after to overcome safety issues related to liquid electrolytes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Hybrid solid-liquid electrolytes (HEs) like the heterogeneous structural battery electrolyte (SBE) consist of two discrete co-existing phases prepared by polymerization-induced phase separation: one solid polymer phase providing mechanical integrity and the other one a percolating liquid ion-conducting phase. The present work investigates the ion and the solvent mobility in a series of HEs using morphological, electrochemical impedance and NMR spectroscopic methods. All the dried HEs exhibit a porous structure with a broad pore size distribution stretching down to <10 nm diameter. Penetration of the individual components of the solution, that is the ions and the solvent, in the solid polymer phase is demonstrated. Yet, it is the pores that are the main ion conduction channels in the liquid-saturated HEs and, in general, translational mobility is strongly dependent on the volume fraction and size of the pores and, thereby, on the initial liquid electrolyte content. We also observe that the translational mobility of solvent and the ions vary differently with the pore volume fraction. This finding is explained by the presence of small mesopores where the mobility strongly depends on the specific interactions of the molecular constituent with the pore wall. These interactions are inferred to be stronger for the EC/PC solvent than for the ions. This study shows how the morphology and the chemical composition of HEs affect the ionic and molecular transport in the system.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Mats, Professor, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Socialstyrelsen behöver utreda tungbandsklipp
- 2021
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Ingår i: Dagens medicin. - : Bonnier Business Media Sweden. - 1104-7488 .- 1402-1943. ; :16 juni
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Gao, Sinsia, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Reproducibility of methods for assessing baroreflex sensitivity and temporal QT variability in end-stage renal disease and healthy subjects
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clin Auton Res. - 0959-9851. ; 15:1, s. 21-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), the reflex heart rate modulation in response to blood pressure changes (predominantly an index of cardiac vagal activity) and temporal QT variability (an index of myocardial repolarization) have been demonstrated to convey important prognostic information. The information about reproducibility of BRS and temporal QT variability is limited and there is lack of information regarding patients with cardiovascular diseases. We investigated reproducibility of spontaneous BRS using the sequence technique and temporal QT variability index (QTVI) in terms of intra-, interexaminer and within-subject variability in end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD, n=17, age 55+/-14 years) and healthy subjects (HS, n=29, age 32+/-12 years, P<0.01). ECG and blood pressure (Portapres) were recorded on two separate days and BRS and QTVI were evaluated by two independent examiners. The mean heart rate was similar in ESRD patients in comparison to healthy controls, whereas the mean arterial pressure was 13 % higher in ESRD patients (P<0.01). Spontaneous BRS was 62% lower (P<0.01) and QTVI was 41% higher in ESRD patients (P<0.01) compared to healthy subjects, respectively. Coefficient of variation (CV) of within-subject reproducibility of BRS and QTVI measurements was moderate (BRS: 33 % for ESRD, 27% for HS; QTVI: 40% for ESRD, 18% for HS). The 95% limit of within-subject reproducibility of BRS measurements was 3.8 ms/mm Hg for ESRD patients and 8.1 ms/mm Hg for healthy subjects; whereas the 95% limit of reproducibility of within-subject reproducibility of QTVI measurements was 0.73 for ESRD patients and 0.55 for healthy subjects. Concordance correlation coefficients of within-subject variability of BRS and QTVI were between 0.74 and 0.83 in both groups. CV of intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of BRS and QTVI measurements in both groups ranged between 1 and 11%. In conclusion, the intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility/agreement of BRS and QTVI were high, whereas the within-subject reproducibility of these two methods was moderate, in both ESRD patients and healthy subjects. Thus, small differences in BRS and QTVI in longitudinal/interventional studies should be interpreted with caution.
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| 13. |
- Geers, Christine, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Properties of Alumina/Chromia Scales in N2-Containing Low Oxygen Activity Environment Investigated by Experiment and Theory
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 87:3-4, s. 321-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The FeCrAl alloy Kanthal APMT™ was exposed to N2–5%H2 at 900 °C. Trace oxygen in the gases supplied an oxygen activity which was sufficient to render alumina and chromia thermodynamically stable. The exposures revealed that the oxide scale was penetrated by nitrogen exclusively at chromia domains. Microscopic analyses of the oxide scale did not reveal micro-cracks that could serve as points-of-entry for nitrogen. Instead it is suggested that nitrogen is transported through a dense chromia layer. Density functional theory was employed to investigate decisive nitrogen surface chemistry and transport properties in chromia and alumina. The study was used to validate that the complex redox chemistry of Cr3+ as opposed to Al3+ is a sufficient discriminating factor between alumina and chromia, facilitating N2 dissociation and mobility of N in chromia.
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| 14. |
- Hoffner, S, et al.
(författare)
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Proficiency of drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against pyrazinamide: the Swedish experience
- 2013
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. - : International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. - 1027-3719 .- 1815-7920. ; 17:11, s. 1486-1490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a key drug in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), including multidrug-resistant TB. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against PZA is not included in the World Health Organizations yearly proficiency testing. There is an increasing need to establish quality control of PZA DST. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of PZA DST and to introduce a quality assurance system for the test in Sweden. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMETHOD: Panels with PZA-susceptible and -resistant isolates were used in three rounds of proficiency testing in all five Swedish clinical TB laboratories and our reference laboratory. All laboratories used the MGIT 960 system. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined and the pncA gene was sequenced to further characterise the 52 panel strains. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanRESULTS: Good agreement was seen between the phenotypic PZA DST and pncA sequence data, and MIC determination confirmed high levels of resistance. However, in contrast to other drugs, for which correct proficiency test results were observed, specificity problems occurred for PZA DST in some laboratories. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCONCLUSIONS: In Sweden, using panel testing, differences were seen in the proficiency of TB laboratories in correctly identifying PZA susceptibility. Improved results were noted in the third round; PZA has therefore been included in yearly proficiency testing.
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| 15. |
- Hofman, Hannelore, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ experiences with the application of medical adhesives to the skin : a qualitative systematic review protocol
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Medical adhesives are adhesives used in medical devices to establish and maintain contact with the body over a period of time (usually by application to the skin) and are widely used in most care settings. Application of medical adhesives to the skin can lead to skin stripping, mild or severe allergic reactions and skin irritation that may manifest as redness, itching or rash. Adhesive-related skin injury can lead to infection, delayed wound healing and an increased risk of scarring. These injuries can cause severe discomfort and pain, and can affect the patient’s quality of life. A systematic review summarising patient’s experiences on this topic will contribute to informing adhesive producers and policy makers, and guiding further development and improvement of available technologies.Methods and analysis: This systematic review protocol is based on the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline. A systematic search will be conducted in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO. In addition, manual searches will be performed, reviewing the reference lists of relevant reviews and articles included for quality assessment. Qualitative studies using various methods will be considered for inclusion. Screening of title, abstract and full text will be done by two reviewers. The methodological quality of studies under consideration will be critically assessed by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Qualitative Research. Data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers using a predefined data extraction form. Meta-aggregation will be used to summarise the evidence.Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval or consentis required because no participants will be recruited.This systematic review protocol is published in an openaccess journal to increase transparency of the researchmethods used. Results will be disseminated at nationaland international conferences.
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| 16. |
- Johansson, Jörgen, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Slututvärdering av det svenska landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013 : DELRAPPORT IV : Synteser för en hållbar landsbygdsutveckling : Utvärdering av programmets samlade effekter
- 2017. - 1
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna rapport är en del av utvärderingen av landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013. Fyra grupper med forskare från universitet och högskolor har gjort slututvärderingen. Den publiceras i fyra delrapporter varav detta är en. Frågor som handlar om hela programmet besvaras huvudsakligen i delrapport IV. Frågor om enskilda åtgärder besvaras i de tre andra delrapporterna. En översikt av vilka frågor som besvaras i vilken rapport finns på följande sidor.Slututvärderingen görs för att besvara EU-gemensamma och specifika svenska utvärderingsfrågor om vilka effekter programmet har haft, i vilken utsträckning det har bidragit till att uppfylla målen och hur effektivt detta har gjorts.Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket ansvarar för att de svenska EU-programmen där Jordbruksverket är förvaltande myndighet blir utvärderade. Det innebär att utvärderingssekretariatet beställer och genomför utvärderingar av landsbygdsprogrammet, havs- och fiskeriprogrammet samt programmet för lokalt ledd utveckling inom regionalfonden och socialfonden. Programmen utvärderas dels var för sig men också tillsammans. Utvärderingarna görs i relation till målen i programmen och de övergripande EU 2020-målen.De flesta utvärderingarna genomförs av externa aktörer. Vi tar hjälp av forskare för att kvalitetsgranska rapporterna innan de publiceras. I slutet av rapporterna finns ett utlåtande från granskarna. Rapporterna publiceras i en särskild rapportserie och rapportförfattarna är ansvariga för slutsatserna. Slutsatserna utgör inte Jordbruksverkets officiella ståndpunkt./Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Baroreflex effectiveness index and baroreflex sensitivity predict all-cause mortality and sudden death in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure
- 2007
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Ingår i: J Hypertens. - 0263-6352. ; 25:1, s. 163-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Impaired arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) has been associated with cardiac mortality and non-fatal cardiac arrests after a myocardial infarction. Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) have a poor prognosis because of cardiovascular diseases, and sudden death is common. The aim of this study was to assess whether BRS or the baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI), a novel index reflecting the number of times the baroreflex is active in controlling the heart rate in response to blood pressure fluctuations, is associated with prognosis in CRF. METHODS: Hypertensive patients with CRF who were treated conservatively, by haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis were studied. Electrocardiogram and beat-to-beat blood pressures were recorded continuously and BRS and BEI were calculated. Patients were then followed prospectively for 41 +/- 15 months (range 1-64). RESULTS: During follow-up 69 patients died. Cardiovascular diseases and uraemia accounted for the majority of deaths (60 and 20%, respectively), whereas sudden death occurred in 15 patients. In adjunct with established risk factors such as age, diabetes, congestive heart failure and diastolic blood pressure, reduced BEI was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality among CRF patients [relative risk (RR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33-0.71 for an increase of one standard deviation in BEI, P < 0.001]. Diabetes and reduced BRS were independent predictors of sudden death (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.86 for an increase of one standard deviation in BRS, P=0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Both BEI and BRS convey prognostic information that may have clinical implications for patients with cardiovascular diseases in general.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Mats E., 1959-
(författare)
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Population biology of the clonal plant Ranunculus lingua
- 1992
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The scope of this thesis was to identify, describe and quantify important life-history traits for the pseudoannual aquatic plant Ranunculus lingua in different ecological settings, by comparing populations from geographically marginal vs. central habitats.Results from a four-year field study showed that abiotic factors (water-level fluctuations and associated processes) tended to have a greater influence in marginal populations, whereas biotic factors (competition, insect grazing and fungal infections) dominated in central populations. This was reflected in different depth distribution of ramet numbers and ramet sizes between the areas, and In different dynamic patterns, with a higher flux of ramets in marginal populations.In a reciprocal transplant experiment, marginal ramets produced more but smaller rhizomes, whereas central ramets produced Individually larger but fewer rhizomes, irrespective of transplant site. A possible selection for genotypes producing large rhizomes in the central habitat was supported by the fact that initially smaller ramets were more likely to be diseased by the fungal pathogen Peronospora gigantea and damaged by insect grazing. In the marginal population, where density-independent mortality factors tend to dominate, a high reproductive output, expressed in production of high numbers of rhizomes, was suggested to be a favoured life-history trait.In a glasshouse experiment, ramets from marginal and central populations were grown in low and high densities and under three contrasting nutrient levels. The allocation to sexual structures was generally very low, and did not incur any costs in terms of reduced rhizome production. Rhizome production showed strong positive allometrical relationships to mother ramet size. Increasing mother ramet size resulted in a larger increase in rhizome numbers for the marginal than for the central population, whereas the increase in mean rhizome mass was more pronounced for the centred population. Both populations showed similar reductions in rhizome production in response to increased density and lowered nutrient levels, which could not be explained by size-dependent effects adone.The dispersal, dynamics and distribution of R. lingua were studied in a marginal river population in northern Sweden, where the only means of dispersal is by vegetative diaspores, i.e. floating rhizome fragments. Stranding occurred mainly in river curves and at obstacles, and the distribution of established stands was also highly correlated with these features. Relative changes in ramet numbers were correlated with water-level fluctuations during the present and previous growing seasons, with winter low-water, and with duration of spring-flood. The predictability of change was high within but low between stands. It was concluded that the patterns and mechanisms of dispersal are fundamental for local distribution patterns as well as variation in regional abundance in R. lingua
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated temporal QT variability index in patients with chronic renal failure
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clin Sci (Lond). - 0143-5221. ; 107:6, s. 583-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with CRF (chronic renal failure) are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, and 60% of cardiovascular mortality in CRF is attributed to sudden death. Various abnormalities in myocardial repolarization are associated with the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. The aim of this study was to evaluate an index of temporal myocardial repolarization lability, the temporal QTVI (QT variability index), in patients with CRF. ECGs were recorded in 153 patients with CRF on haemodialysis (n=67), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (n=43) or conservative treatment (n=43) during 30 min of rest. QTVI was calculated as the logarithm of the ratio between the variances of the normalized QT and RR intervals. Age-matched healthy subjects (n=39) were examined for comparison. QTVI was increased by 47% in CRF patients compared with healthy subjects (-0.82+/-0.56 compared with -1.54+/-0.27 respectively; P<0.01). QTVI did not differ among patients on dialysis or conservative treatment, whereas QTVI was elevated further in patients with diabetes compared with non-diabetic CRF patients (-0.56+/-0.54 compared with -0.94+/-0.52 respectively; P<0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis, diabetes and a history of coronary artery disease were the only independent predictors of QTVI in the CRF population. The present study demonstrates that elevated QTVI in patients with CRF is associated with diabetes and coronary disease. The present findings are important given that repolarization instability may predispose to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death, events that occur frequently in CRF patients.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Johansson, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced baroreflex effectiveness index in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure
- 2005
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Ingår i: Am J Hypertens. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0895-7061. ; 18:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Impaired arterial baroreflex function has been associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death. This has also been suggested for patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) who are at high risk for cardiovascular morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate the arterial baroreflex function in CRF patients with emphasis on analyzing the time during which the arterial baroreflex is active, the baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI). METHODS: Beat-to-beat blood pressure (measured with Portapres) and electrocardiography were continuously registered during 30 min rest in 216 hypertensive CRF patients on hemodialysis (n=95), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (n=59), or conservative treatment (n=59). The spontaneous sequence method was used to calculate BRS and BEI. Age-matched healthy subjects (n=43) were examined for comparison. RESULTS: The BRS was reduced by 51% and the BEI by 49% in CRF patients compared with healthy subjects (P<.001 for both). In addition, CRF patients with diabetes showed further reductions compared with patients without diabetes (15% reduction of BRS and 44% of BEI, P<.01 for both). The treatment modality for renal failure had no effect on BRS or BEI. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, age, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure were independent predictors of BRS, whereas age and diabetes were independent predictors of BEI in patients with CRF. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that BEI, which is markedly reduced in hypertensive patients with CRF, may convey information on arterial baroreflex function that is complementary to BRS.
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| 24. |
- Johansson, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Wage differentials and gender discrimination - Changes in Sweden 1981-98
- 2005
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Ingår i: ACTA SOCIOLOGICA. - London : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 48:4, s. 341-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to follow the development of the Swedish gender earnings gap through the 1980s and 1990s. We follow the changes in the wage gap and in factors to which it can be related year-by-year by analysing crosssectional data from Statistics Sweden (HEK) for the years 1981 and 1983–98. The results show that the unadjusted wage gap varied between 12 and 15 per cent of the average male wage up to 1989, when the differentials began to increase. During the 1990s the size of the gap was around 14–18 per cent. In a decomposition analysis we find that the measured differences in jobs and qualifications between women and men can account only for between two-fifths and three-fifths of the gender wage gap, if they are assumed to be rewarded according to the male wage function. If the female wage function is applied, even less of the differentials are explained. Differences in the educational requirements for jobs have contributed considerably to gender earnings inequality. The impact has decreased over the period studied, however, and is about half as large in the 1990s as it was in the 1980s.
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| 25. |
- Johansson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Nytt forskningsprojekt om medicinsk häfta
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sårjournalen. - : Sårsjuksköterskor i Sverige. - 2003-8054. ; :1, s. 12-12
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Forskningsöversikt (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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