| 1. |
- Fischer, D., et al.
(författare)
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Importance of Thomas single-electron transfer in fast p-He collisions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 81:1, s. 12714-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report experimental angular differential cross sections for nonradiative single-electron capture in p-He collisions (p + He -> H + He+) with a separate peak at the 0.47 mrad Thomas scattering angle for energies in the 1.3-12.5 MeV range. We find that the intensity of this peak scales with the projectile velocity as v(P)(-11). This constitutes the first experimental test of the prediction from 1927 by L. H. Thomas [Proc. R. Soc. 114, 561 (1927)]. At our highest energy, the peak at the Thomas angle contributes with 13.5% to the total integrated nonradiative single-electron capture cross section.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Asker, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective cohort study identifying risk factors for shoulder injuries in adolescent elite handball players: the Karolinska Handball Study (KHAST) study protocol
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1471-2474. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Handball is a physical contact sport that includes frequent overhead throwing, and this combination leads to a high rate of shoulder injuries. Several factors have been associated with shoulder injuries in overhead athletes, but strong scientific evidence is lacking for most suggested risk factors. We therefore designed the Karolinska Handball Study (KHAST) with the aim to identify risk factors for shoulder injuries in adolescent male and female elite handball players studying at handball-profiled secondary schools in Sweden. Secondary objectives are to investigate whether shoulder function changes during the competition season and whether the physical profile of the players changes during their time in secondary school. Methods: Players aged 15 to 19 years were included during the pre-season period of the 2014-2015 and the 2015-2016 seasons. At inclusion, players signed informed consent and filled in a questionnaire regarding playing position, playing level, previous handball experience, history of shoulder problems and athletic identity. Players also completed a detailed test battery at baseline evaluating the shoulder, neck and trunk. Players were then prospectively monitored weekly during the 2014-2015 and/or 2015-2016 competitive seasons regarding injuries and training/match workload. Results from the annual routine physical tests in the secondary school curriculum including bench press, deep squat, hand grip strength, clean lifts, squat jumps, counter movement jumps, amp;lt;30 m sprints, chins, dips and Coopers test will be collected until the end of the competitive season 2017-2018. The primary outcome is the incidence of shoulder injuries and shoulder problems. The secondary outcome is the prevalence of shoulder injuries and shoulder problems. Discussion: Shoulder problems are frequent among handball players and a reduction of these injuries is therefore warranted. However, in order to introduce appropriate preventive measures, a detailed understanding of the underlying risk factors is needed. Our study has a high potential to identify important risk factors for shoulder injuries in adolescent elite handball players owing to a large study sample, a high response rate, data collection during consecutive seasons, and recording of potential confounding factors.
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| 5. |
- Asker, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Female adolescent elite handball players are more susceptible to shoulder problems than their male counterparts
- 2018
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : SPRINGER. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 26:7, s. 1892-1900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shoulder problems are frequent among senior elite handball players. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of shoulder problems among adolescent elite handball players and to investigate potential differences in gender, school grade, playing position and playing level. During the 2014 and 2015 pre-season periods, 471 players (age 15-18 years, 54% female) completed a comprehensive baseline questionnaire regarding history of any shoulder pain and shoulder problems experienced during the past season. The players were monitored weekly for one competition season (September-April) regarding shoulder problems and the amount of match and training. Generalised linear models with a binomial link function were used to calculate a prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare the subgroups of players. In total, 110 players (23%) reported having substantial shoulder problems (defined as moderate/severe reduction in training volume, or moderate/severe reduction in performance, or complete inability to participate) at some point during the follow-up season, of which almost half reported complete inability to participate. Of those players reporting substantial problems, 43% (95% CI 39-48) did so for at least 3 consecutive weeks during the season. The prevalence was significantly higher in female players (PR 1.46, 95% 1.04-2.06) and in backcourt players (PR 1.58, 95% CI 1.08-2.32), but no differences were found for school grade (PR 1.21 95% CI 0.88-1.67) or playing level (PR 1.09 95% CI 0.76-1.56). The prevalence of substantial shoulder problems in adolescent elite handball players is high, especially among females, and this warrants further studies on risk factors for shoulder injury and the development of prevention strategies in handball players already before the age of 15. These findings also highlight the importance of introducing a clinical monitoring programme on a routine basis and improving the medical support, taking gender-related aspects into consideration, at handball-profiled secondary schools. II.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Common vaccinations among adults do not increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 69:10, s. 1831-1833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate the association between vaccinations in adults and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Data from the Swedish population-based Epidemiological Investigation of RA case-control study encompassing 1998 incident cases of RA aged 18-70 years and 2252 randomly selected controls matched for age, sex and residency were analysed. Those vaccinated within 5 years before disease onset were compared with those not vaccinated by calculating OR with 95% CI. Results Vaccinations neither increased the risk of RA overall (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.1) nor the risk of two major subgroups of RA (antibodies to citrullinated peptide-positive (ACPA-positive) and ACPA-negative disease). Furthermore, vaccinations did not increase the risk of RA in smokers or carriers of HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles, two groups with established risk factors for RA. Conclusions In this case-control study of incident cases of newly diagnosed RA, no increased risk of RA following immunisation was observed for vaccinations overall or for any specific vaccination. This indicates that immunological provocation of adults with commonly used vaccines in their present form carries no risk of RA. These findings should be implemented among public healthcare providers in order to encourage vaccinations according to recommended national vaccination schedules.
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| 7. |
- Han, Buhm, et al.
(författare)
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Fine Mapping Seronegative and Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis to Shared and Distinct HLA Alleles by Adjusting for the Effects of Heterogeneity
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 94:4, s. 522-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite progress in defining human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles for anti-citrullinated-protein-autoantibody-positive (ACPA(+)) rheumatoid arthritis (RA), identifying HLA alleles for ACPA-negative (ACPA(-)) RA has been challenging because of clinical heterogeneity within clinical cohorts. We imputed 8,961 classical HLA alleles, amino acids, and SNPs from Immunochip data in a discovery set of 2,406 ACPA(-) RA case and 13,930 control individuals. We developed a statistical approach to identify and adjust for clinical heterogeneity within ACPA RA and observed independent associations for serine and leucine at position 11 in HLA-DR beta 1 (p = 1.4 x 10 (13), odds ratio [OR] = 1.30) and for aspartate at position 9 in HLA-B (p = 2.7 x 10(-12), OR = 1.39) within the peptide binding grooves. These amino acid positions induced associations at HLA-DRB1*03 (encoding serine at 11) and HLA-B*08 (encoding aspartate at 9). We validated these findings in an independent set of 427 ACPA(-) case subjects, carefully phenotyped with a highly sensitive ACPA assay, and 1,691 control subjects (HLA-DR beta 1 Ser11+Leu11: p = 5.8 x 10(-4), OR = 1.28; HLA-B Asp9: p = 2.6 x 10(-3), OR = 1.34). Although both amino acid sites drove risk of ACPA(+) and ACPA(-) disease, the effects of individual residues at HLA-DR beta 1 position 11 were distinct (p < 2.9 x 10(-107)). We also identified an association with ACPA(+) RA at HLA-A position 77 (p = 2.7 x 10(-8), OR = 0.85) in 7,279 ACPA(+) RA case and 15,870 control subjects. These results contribute to mounting evidence that ACPA(+) and ACPA(-) RA are genetically distinct and potentially have separate autoantigens contributing to pathogenesis. We expect that our approach might have broad applications in analyzing clinical conditions with heterogeneity at both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and non-MHC regions.
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| 8. |
- Hartman, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Negative ion relaxation and reactions in a cryogenic storage ring
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol 1412. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An overview of recent experimental results of studies of negative atomic and molecular ions in the Double ElectroStatic Ion-Ring ExpEriment, DESIREE is given. Metastable level lifetimes in atomic negative ions have been measured by time-dependent laser photodetachment. Rotational relaxation of diatomic anions is studied by near-threshold photodetachment. Spontaneous decays of small metal cluster anions by electron emission and fragmentation is studied with decay-channel specificity. Finally, mutual neutralisation of pairs of negative and positive ions has been investigated with initial and final state selectivity.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jiang, Xia, et al.
(författare)
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An Immunochip-based interaction study of contrasting interaction effects with smoking in ACPA-positive versus ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 55:1, s. 149-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the gene–environment interaction between smoking and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using Immunochip material, on the risk of developing either of two serologically defined subsets of RA.Methods: Interaction between smoking and 133 648 genetic markers from the Immunochip was examined for two RA subsets, defined by the presence or absence of ACPA. A total of 1590 ACPA-positive and 891 ACPA-negative cases were compared with 1856 controls in the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA) case–control study. Logistic regression models were used to determine the presence of interaction. The proportion attributable to interaction was calculated for each smoking–SNP pair. Replication was carried out in an independent dataset from northern Sweden. To further validate and extend the results, interaction analysis was also performed using genome-wide association studies data on EIRA individuals.Results: In ACPA-positive RA, 102 SNPs interacted significantly with smoking, after Bonferroni correction. All 102 SNPs were located in the HLA region, mainly within the HLA class II region, 51 of which were replicated. No additional loci outside chromosome 6 were identified in the genome-wide association studies validation. After adjusting for HLA-DRB1 shared epitope, 15 smoking–SNP pairs remained significant for ACPA-positive RA, with 8 of these replicated (loci: BTNL2, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB5, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DOB and TAP2). For ACPA-negative RA, no smoking–SNP pairs passed the threshold for significance.Conclusion: Our study presents extended gene variation patterns involved in gene–smoking interaction in ACPA-positive, but not ACPA-negative, RA. Notably, variants in HLA-DRB1 and those in additional genes within the MHC class II region, but not in any other gene regions, showed interaction with smoking.
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| 11. |
- Kristiansson, Moa K., 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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High-precision electron affinity of oxygen
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Negative ions are important in many areas of science and technology, e.g., in interstellar chemistry, for accelerator-based radionuclide dating, and in anti-matter research. They are unique quantum systems where electron-correlation effects govern their properties. Atomic anions are loosely bound systems, which with very few exceptions lack optically allowed transitions. This limits prospects for high-resolution spectroscopy, and related negative-ion detection methods. Here, we present a method to measure negative ion binding energies with an order of magnitude higher precision than what has been possible before. By laser-manipulation of quantum-state populations, we are able to strongly reduce the background from photodetachment of excited states using a cryogenic electrostatic ion-beam storage ring where keV ion beams can circulate for up to hours. The method is applicable to negative ions in general and here we report an electron affinity of 1.461 112 972(87) eV for O-16. High-precision measurements are useful to find isotopic shifts and electron correlation. Here the authors measure electron affinity and hyperfine splitting of atomic oxygen with higher precision than previous studies.
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| 12. |
- Lundstrom, Susanna L., et al.
(författare)
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Allergic Asthmatics Show Divergent Lipid Mediator Profiles from Healthy Controls Both at Baseline and following Birch Pollen Provocation
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Asthma is a respiratory tract disorder characterized by airway hyper-reactivity and chronic inflammation. Allergic asthma is associated with the production of allergen-specific IgE and expansion of allergen-specific T-cell populations. Progression of allergic inflammation is driven by T-helper type 2 (Th2) mediators and is associated with alterations in the levels of lipid mediators. Objectives: Responses of the respiratory system to birch allergen provocation in allergic asthmatics were investigated. Eicosanoids and other oxylipins were quantified in the bronchoalveolar lumen to provide a measure of shifts in lipid mediators associated with allergen challenge in allergic asthmatics. Methods: Eighty-seven lipid mediators representing the cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolic pathways were screened via LC-MS/MS following off-line extraction of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Multivariate statistics using OPLS were employed to interrogate acquired oxylipin data in combination with immunological markers. Results: Thirty-two oxylipins were quantified, with baseline asthmatics possessing a different oxylipin profile relative to healthy individuals that became more distinct following allergen provocation. The most prominent differences included 15-LOX-derived omega-3 and omega-6 oxylipins. Shared-and-Unique-Structures (SUS)-plot modeling showed a correlation (R-2 = 0.7) between OPLS models for baseline asthmatics ((RY)-Y-2[cum] = 0.87, Q(2)[cum] = 0.51) and allergen-provoked asthmatics ((RY)-Y-2[cum] = 0.95, Q(2)[cum] = 0.73), with the majority of quantified lipid mediators and cytokines contributing equally to both groups. Unique structures for allergen provocation included leukotrienes (LTB4 and 6-trans-LTB4), CYP-derivatives of linoleic acid (epoxides/diols), and IL-10. Conclusions: Differences in asthmatic relative to healthy profiles suggest a role for 15-LOX products of both omega-6 and omega-3 origin in allergic inflammation. Prominent differences at baseline levels indicate that non-symptomatic asthmatics are subject to an underlying inflammatory condition not observed with other traditional mediators. Results suggest that oxylipin profiling may provide a sensitive means of characterizing low-level inflammation and that even individuals with mild disease display distinct phenotypic profiles, which may have clinical ramifications for disease.
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| 13. |
- Pikwer, Mitra, et al.
(författare)
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Parity influences the severity of ACPA-negative early rheumatoid arthritis : a cohort study based on the Swedish EIRA material
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) it has been observed that during pregnancy a majority of patients experience amelioration, but after delivery a relapse of the disease is common. However, there are few studies, with diverging results, addressing the effect of parity on the severity of RA over time. Our aim was to explore the impact of parity, with stratification for anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status as well as for onset during reproductive age or not. Methods: Female RA cases aged 18-70 years were recruited for the Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (EIRA). Information on disease severity (the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and the disease activity score 28 (DAS28)) was retrieved from the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register at inclusion and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. Mixed models were used to compare mean DAS28 and HAQ scores over time in parous and nulliparous women. Mean differences at individual follow-up visits were compared using analysis of covariance. The odds of having DAS28 or HAQ above the median in parous verus nulliparous women were estimated in logistic regression models. Results: A total of 1237 female cases (mean age 51 years, 65 % ACPA-positive) were included. ACPA-negative parous women, aged 18-44 years, had on average 1.17 units higher DAS28 (p < 0.001) and 0.43 units higher HAQ score (p < 0.001) compared to nulliparous women during the follow-up time, adjusted for age. In this subgroup, the average DAS28 and HAQ scores were significantly higher in parous women at all follow-up time points. Younger parous ACPA-negative women were significantly more likely to have DAS28 and HAQ values above the median compared to nulliparous women at all follow-up visits. No association between parity and severity of ACPA-positive disease was observed. Conclusions: Parity was a predictor of a more severe RA among ACPA-negative younger women, which might indicate that immunomodulatory changes during and after pregnancy affect RA severity, in particular for the ACPA-negative RA phenotype.
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| 14. |
- Pini, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic disparities associated with 29 common infectious diseases in Sweden, 2005-14 : an individually matched case-control study
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Lancet - Infectious diseases. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1473-3099 .- 1474-4457. ; 19:2, s. 165-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Although the association between low socioeconomic status and non-communicable diseases is well established, the effect of socioeconomic factors on many infectious diseases is less clear, particularly in high-income countries. We examined the associations between socioeconomic characteristics and 29 infections in Sweden. Methods We did an individually matched case-control study in Sweden. We defined a case as a person aged 18-65 years who was notified with one of 29 infections between 2005 and 2014, in Sweden. Cases were individually matched with respect to sex, age, and county of residence with five randomly selected controls. We extracted the data on the 29 infectious diseases from the electronic national register of notified infections and infectious diseases (SmiNet). We extracted information on country of birth, educational and employment status, and income of cases and controls from Statistics Sweden's population registers. We calculated adjusted matched odds ratios (amOR) using conditional logistic regression to examine the association between infections or groups of infections and place of birth, education, employment, and income. Findings We included 173 729 cases notified between Jan 1, 2005, and Dec 31, 2014 and 868 645 controls. Patients with invasive bacterial diseases, blood-borne infectious diseases, tuberculosis, and antibiotic-resistant infections were more likely to be unemployed (amOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.49-1.70; amOR 3.62, 3.48-3.76; amOR 1.88, 1.65-2.14; and amOR 1.73, 1.67-1.79, respectively), to have a lower educational attainment (amOR 1.24, 1.15-1.34; amOR 3.63, 3.45-3.81; amOR 2.14, 1.85-2.47; and amOR 1.07, 1.03-1.12, respectively), and to have a lowest income (amOR 1.52, 1.39-1.66; amOR 3.64, 3.41-3.89; amOR 3.17, 2.49-4.04; and amOR 1.2, 1.14-1.25, respectively). By contrast, patients with food-borne and water-borne infections were less likely than controls to be unemployed (amOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.72-0.76), to have lower education (amOR 0.75, 0.73-0.77), and lowest income (amOR 0.59, 0.58-0.61). Interpretation These findings indicate persistent socioeconomic inequalities in infectious diseases in an egalitarian high-income country with universal health care. We recommend using these findings to identify priority interventions and as a baseline to monitor programmes addressing socioeconomic inequalities in health.
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| 15. |
- Shahim, Pashtun, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Blood biomarkers for brain injury in concussed professional ice hockey players
- 2014
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Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 71:6, s. 684-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Lack of objective biomarkers for brain damage hampers acute diagnosis and clinical decision making about return to play after sports-related concussion. OBJECTIVES To determine whether sports-related concussion is associated with elevated levels of blood biochemical markers of injury to the central nervous system and to assess whether plasma levels of these biomarkers predict return to play in professional ice hockey players with sports-related concussion. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter prospective cohort study involving all 12teams of the top professional ice hockey league in Sweden, the Swedish Hockey League. Two hundred eighty-eight professional ice hockey players from 12 teams contesting during the 2012-2013 season consented to participate. All players underwent clinical preseason baseline testing regarding concussion assessment measures. Forty-seven players from 2 of the 12 ice hockey teams underwent blood sampling prior to the start of the season. Thirty-five players had a concussion from September 13, 2012, to January 31, 2013; of these players, 28 underwent repeated blood sampling at 1, 12, 36, and 144 hours and when the players returned to play. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Total tau, S-100 calcium-binding protein B, and neuron-specific enolase concentrations in plasma and serum were measured.
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