| 1. |
- Nordlander, Carola, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of chromosome 10 aberrations in rat endometrial cancer-evidence for a tumor suppressor locus distal to Tp53.
- 2007
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Ingår i: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 120:7, s. 1472-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have recently shown in the BDII rat model of human endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC), rat chromosome 10 (RNO10) is frequently involved in chromosomal aberrations. In the present study, we investigated the association between RNO10 deletions, allelic imbalance (AI) at RNO10q24 and Tp53 mutation in 27 rat EAC tumors. We detected chromosomal breakage accompanied by loss of proximal and/or gain of distal parts of RNO10 in approximately 2/3 of the tumors. This finding is suggestive of a tumor suppressor activity encoded from the proximal RNO10. Given the fact that Tp53 is located at RNO10q24-q25, we then performed Tp53 mutation analysis. However, we could not find a strong correlation between AI/deletions at RNO10q24 and Tp53 mutation. Instead, the observed patterns for AI, chromosomal breaks and deletions suggest that major selection was directed against a region located close to, but distal of Tp53. In different human malignancies a similar situation of AI at chromosome band 17p13.3 (HSA17p13.3) unassociated with TP53 mutation has been observed. Although RNO10 is largely homologous to HSA17, the conservation with respect to gene order among them is not extensive. We utilized publicly available draft DNA sequences to study intrachromosomal rearrangement during the divergence between HSA17 and RNO10. By using reciprocal comparison of rat and human genome data, we could substantially narrow down the candidate tumor suppressor region in rat from 3 Mb to a chromosomal segment of about 0.5 Mb in size. These results provide scientific groundwork for identification of the putative tumor suppressor gene(s) at 17p13.3 in human tumors.
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| 2. |
- Clark, DW, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 4957-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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| 3. |
- Dahlgren, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Linking the Klein-Bell ADL Scale to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) : Linking an ADL scale to the ICF
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977. ; 45:4, s. 351-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The main objective of this study was to link the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living (KB) Scale to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), in order to validate the KB Scale content-wise. Design: A qualitative approach was used with directed content analysis. Methods: Concepts in the KB Scale items were linked to ICF categories according to established rules. This was followed by 4 analyses: examination of the linked categories' frequency distribution; comparison of these categories with Core Sets for spinal cord injury (SCI) and occupational therapists; calculation of content density, content diversity and range of linked categories; and calculation of agreement between two independent linkage versions. Results: All except one identified KB Scale concept could be linked to ICF categories. The occupational therapists Core Sets were most consistent with linked categories in the KB Scale. Content density, content diversity and range varied between the different KB Scale dimensions. Agreement was reliable for the whole KB Scale and for 5 of 6 dimensions. Conclusion: The ICF has provided a valuable reference to identify and quantify the concepts in the KB Scale. Furthermore, comparison between the KB Scale and ICF Core Sets provides insights into areas covered by these instruments.
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| 4. |
- Ek, Weronica E., et al.
(författare)
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Tea and coffee consumption in relation to DNA methylation in four European cohorts
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 26:16, s. 3221-3231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifestyle factors, such as food choices and exposure to chemicals, can alter DNA methylation and lead to changes in gene activity. Two such exposures with pharmacologically active components are coffee and tea consumption. Both coffee and tea has been suggested to play an important role in modulating disease-risk in humans by suppressing tumour progression, decreasing inflammation and influencing estrogen metabolism. These mechanisms may be mediated by changes in DNA methylation.To investigate if DNA methylation in blood is associated with coffee and tea consumption we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation study for coffee and tea consumption in four European cohorts (N = 3,096). DNA methylation was measured from whole blood at 421,695 CpG sites distributed throughout the genome and analysed in men and women both separately and together in each cohort. Meta-analyses of the results and additional regional-level analyses were performed.After adjusting for multiple testing, the meta-analysis revealed that two individual CpG-sites, mapping to DNAJC16 and TTC17, were differentially methylated in relation to tea consumption in women. No individual sites were associated in men or in the sex-combined analysis for tea or coffee. The regional analysis revealed that 28 regions were differentially methylated in relation to tea consumption in women. These regions contained genes known to interact with estradiol metabolism and cancer. No significant regions were found in the sex-combined and male-only analysis for either tea or coffee consumption.
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| 5. |
- Hirsh, Åsa, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Far from the generalised norm: Recognising the interplay between contextual particularities and principals’ leadership in schools in low-socio-economic status communities
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Educational Management, Administration & Leadership. - 1741-1432.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Focusing on the interplay between community context and principals’ leadership, this study contributes knowledge of the situated dimensions of school leadership. Based on qualitative content analysis of the statements of 20 principals leading schools in low-socio-economic status communities in a highly segregated Swedish city, we address the research questions: (1) Which context-related characteristics of low-socio-economic status schools emerge, and what challenges do they entail? and (2) How do such characteristics and challenges affect and contribute to shaping the principals’ leadership? The findings indicate four community-context characteristics, which also characterise or affect the schools’ student and parent base and, in some respects, also the staff of the schools: high mobility, comprehensive linguistic and cultural diversity, comprehensive knowledge diversity, and extensive problem complexity. The analysis reveals that these characteristics entail work-related challenges with implications of both quantitative and qualitative nature, contributing to shaping a leadership that is present, gatekeeping, sheltering, collaborative, and compensatory and aimed at maintaining a resilient organisation. Considering the findings, the importance of recognising the particularities of context and the context-specific knowledge required is highlighted, as well as the potential value of tailored context-sensitive training and support for principals from local education administrations and universities.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Integrerad akvakultur med cellulosaindustri
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det finns både på global nivå och inom Sverige ett ökande intresse att använda sig av vattenbruk för produktion av livsmedel. I Sverige odlas i relativt liten skala främst fisk, kräftor och musslor. Traditionell odling i dammar, sjöar, vattendrag och kustområden är behäftat med en potentiell negativ miljöpåverkan i form av lokala övergödningseffekter och spridning av antibiotika och andra läkemedelsrester i miljön. Rymlingar från kassodlingar kan också påverka de naturliga bestånden negativt. Det är ett av skälen till att intresset för landbaserad fiskodling i mer slutna system ökat under senare år. I processen att utvinna massa och papper från träråvara genereras ett överskott av lågvärdig värmeenergi och ett restutsläpp av näringsämnen och organiskt material som stimulerar produktionen av bland annat vitfisk i mottagande vattenrecipient. Detta är naturresurser som i dagsläget inte utnyttjas. I det följande redovisas en förstudie syftande till att översiktligt undersöka de tekniska förutsättningarna att lokalisera landbaserad fiskodling i anslutning till pappers- och massabruk och vilka marknads- och miljömässiga fördelar det skulle medföra genom att tillvarata överskottsresurser från vedråvaran. I studien har teoretiska beräkningar av förutsättningarna att samlokalisera ett vattenbruk utförts med tre exempelfabriker representerande olika typer av produktion: 1) Skärblacka bruk, blekt sulfatmassa; 2) Fiskeby board, returpappersbruk; 3) Bravikens pappersbruk, termomekanisk massa. De individuella förutsättningarna vid de olika bruken var avgörande för om det föreslagna processkonceptet är applicerbart. Generellt torde dock anläggningar som producerar kemisk massa vara mest lämpade att integrera med vattenbruk Ett teoretiskt maximum för optimalt utnyttjande av resurser i enlighet erhölls vid en produktionskapacitet i fiskodlingen på 0,4 % av produktionskapaciteten i skogsindustrint. Vid ett bruk som producerar 375 000 årston massa eller papper blir således den optimala fiskproduktionen 1 500 ton/år. Upp till storleksordningen 30 % av en skogsindustris behov av att dosera kväve skulle kunna ersättas med slam bestående av foderrester och fiskfekalier från vattenbruket, vilket innebär en besparing på upp till 100 000 kr/år. Den årliga kostnaden för ett vattenbruk som producerar 500-750 årston fisk har beräknats till 30-40 MSEK, vilket ger ett kilopris för den producerade fisken inom intervallet 50-60 kr. Exempel på arter som skulle kunna bli aktuella i en framtida odling är tilapia, abborre, jätteräka och afrikansk mal. Gemensamt för dessa är att de är så kallade varmvattenarter som behöver tillgång till uppvärmt vatten under större delen av året.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson Pérez, Åsa, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Etiska och moraliska perspektiv på kontextuella särskildheter i rektorers arbete och ledarskap i strukturellt missgynnade områden
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Utbildning och Demokrati. - 1102-6472. ; 33:1, s. 61-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethical and moral perspectives on contextual particularities in principals’ work in structurally disadvantaged areas. Metropolitan Swedish cities experience consequences of segregation and challenges in providing equality in education as part of an equitable national welfare. Drawing attention to elementary schools in structurally disadvantaged areas, this study focuses ethical and moral perspectives on principals’ work and leadership in relation to contextual particularities. Findings are based on an empirical set of 15 semi-structured group conversations with 20 principals. In their day-to-day work and leadership principals balance a generalized norm of judicial and institutional requirements with contextual particularities emanating from structurally disadvantaging structures. Wider ethical intentions, characterized as social justice ambitions to level out inequalities and achieve emancipatory goals for every student, are at core when principals consider multiple perspectives in processes of handling contextual particularities. Resultingly, an ethical school leadership come through with principals as moral agents and subjects. However, also ethically mindful and morally experienced principals need supportive institutional accountability in line with local needs and adjusted to local particularities.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Roger, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative Analysis of Two Helicobacter pylori Strains using Genomics and Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori, a gastroenteric pathogen believed to have co-evolved with humans over 100,000 years, shows significant genetic variability. This motivates the study of different H. pylon strains and the diseases they cause in order to identify determinants for disease evolution. In this study, we used proteomics tools to compare two H. pylori strains. Nic25_A was isolated in Nicaragua from a patient with intestinal metaplasia, and P12 was isolated in Europe from a patient with duodenal ulcers. Differences in the abundance of surface proteins between the two strains were determined with two mass spectrometry based methods, label free quantification (MaxQuant) or the use of tandem mass tags (TMT). Each approach used a lipid-based protein immobilization (LPITM) technique to enrich peptides of surface proteins. Using the MaxQuant software, we found 52 proteins that differed significantly in abundance between the two strains (up-or downregulated by a factor of 1.5); with TMT, we found 18 proteins that differed in abundance between the strains. Strain P12 had a higher abundance of proteins encoded by the cag pathogenicity island, while levels of the acid response regulator ArsR and its regulatory targets (KatA, AmiE, and proteins involved in urease production) were higher in strain Nic25_A. Our results show that differences in protein abundance between H. pylori strains can be detected with proteomic approaches; this could have important implications for the study of disease progression.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
-
Proteotyping: Tandem Mass Spectrometry Shotgun Proteomic Characterization and Typing of Pathogenic Microorganisms
- 2016
-
Ingår i: MALDI‐TOF and Tandem MS for Clinical Microbiology. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781118960226 ; , s. 419-450
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Proteotyping provides the means to identify and quantify the actual expression patterns of proteins and their associated pathways, which provides a more accurate picture of infectious agents and their pathogenic potential. Proteotyping, as an analytical method, is intimately correlated with genotypic or genomic data and offers an approach for a holistic characterization of microorganisms. Bioinformatics is vital for the analysis of the data generated by shotgun proteomics. This chapter describes the complete bioinformatics workflow necessary for proteotyping. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based shotgun proteomics analyses offer more detailed and comprehensive analyses of microorganisms. Two approaches may be applied: the so-called top-down and bottom-up proteomics. A major driver for the development and use of tandem MS and proteotyping in clinical settings will be the rapidly growing databases of whole genome reference sequences, which will refine microbial phylogeny and provide a foundation for proteomics-based identification.
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
-
The school lighting innovation dilemma
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Volume 1099. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a qualitative descriptive case study that aims to build awareness about the need for improvement of the indoor environment in classrooms and to exemplify how renewal-oriented processes can be initiated. The study focuses on innovation processes that have resulted in both completely new designs and further spread of innovative solutions. The reason for the need to improve is that too many pupils and students have problems with concentration, relaxation and recuperation. The number of diagnoses such as Autism and ADHD is growing. One factor which significantly influences the pupil's mental well-being is the daily physical environment. The single aspect which may be improved in reasonable time, at a reasonable cost, is the lighting design of classrooms. An underlying reason for the habit to continue installing insipid uniform static "light-carpets" is the lack of awareness about how lighting affects wellbeing and health. As with innovation in other industries, it is an innovation dilemma that the vast majority of the people who sell and procure classroom lighting tend to prefer the established solutions that they are used to. The article describes how Malmö's early investment in Human Centric Lighting and the unique indoor environment of the Study hall in the Centre for Economic Sciences at Uppsala University are used as role models for lighting design in classrooms. The case study combines the authors' own observations and earlier interviews with users. Malmö's temporal light variation and parts of the Study hall's lighting design are used in more than 30 classrooms, in Malmö, Stockholm Business School and Iggesund. The article concludes with suggestions on how today's lighting design knowledge and technology can be combined to provide more advanced adaptations to the varying lighting needs of pupils, students and teachers.
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| 11. |
- Karlsson, Åsa W., et al.
(författare)
-
Kan vi lita på synen - sensoriska perspektiv
- 2007
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Ingår i: Att se, tänka och tolka. - Örebro : Örebro universitet. - 9789176685174 ; , s. 57-58
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Lehikoinen, Aleksi, et al.
(författare)
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Phenology of the avian spring migratory passage in Europe and North America : Asymmetric advancement in time and increase in duration
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - : Elsevier BV. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 101, s. 985-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change has been shown to shift the seasonal timing (i.e. phenology) and distribution of species. The phenological effects of climate change on living organisms have often been tested using first occurrence dates, which may be uninformative and biased. More rarely investigated is how different phases of a phenological sequence (e.g. beginning, central tendency and end) or its duration have changed over time. This type of analysis requires continuous observation throughout the phenological event over multiple years, and such data sets are rare. In this study we examined the impact of temperature on long-term change of passage timing and duration of the spring migration period in birds, and which species' traits explain species-specific variation. Data used covered 195 species from 21 European and Canadian bird observatories from which systematic daily sampling protocols were available. Migration dates were negatively associated with early spring temperature and timings had in general advanced in 57 years. Short-distance migrants advanced the beginning of their migration more than long-distance migrants when corrected for phylogenic relatedness, but such a difference was not found in other phases of migration. The advancement of migration has generally been greater for the beginning and median phases of migration relative to the end, leading to extended spring migration seasons. Duration of the migration season increased with increasing temperature. Phenological changes have also been less noticeable in Canada even when corrected for rate of change in temperature. To visualize long-term changes in phenology, we constructed the first multi-species spring migration phenology indicator to describe general changes in median migration dates in the northern hemisphere. The indicator showed an average advancement of one week during five decades across the continents (period 1959-2015). The indicator is easy to update with new data and we therefore encourage future research to investigate whether the trend towards longer periods of occurrence or emergence in spring is also evident in other migratory populations. Such phenological changes may influence detectability in monitoring schemes, and may have broader implications on population and community dynamics.
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| 13. |
- Liljenberg, Mette, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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School principals’ perceptions of autonomy and control in low-SES communities - navigating local school administration on the front line
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy. - 2002-0317. ; 9:3, s. 248-259
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the decentralized Swedish school system, the local education authority (LEA) level has an important position when it comes to school governance. This article takes a micro-level perspective on principals’ perceptions of autonomy and control as they navigate local school administration in their front-line work in low–socio-economic status (SES) communities. The point of departure is taken in a multidimensional understanding of principal autonomy and street level bureaucracy. Empirical data consist of group conversations among principals, all of them working in a highly segregated Swedish city. The analysis shows that the principals perceive local school administration to be dominated by uniformity expressed through digitalization and specialization lacking contextual adaption. This orientation gives the principals a sense of local school administration being controlling and non-supportive. In addition, lack of adaption to the specific conditions of the low-SES community context tend to increase the principals’ workload and further restrict their autonomy. To cope with the situation and still deliver the education the students are entitled to, the principals act pragmatically in an innovative way. Based on contextual awareness they delay demands, deviate from routines and come up with alternative solutions, hence expanding their autonomy and intensifying their professional judgement.
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| 14. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Ran, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental assessment of diets: overview and guidance on indicator choice
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Planetary Health. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2542-5196. ; 8:3, s. e172-e187
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comprehensive but interpretable assessment of the environmental performance of diets involves choosing a set of appropriate indicators. Current knowledge and data gaps on the origin of dietary foodstuffs restrict use of indicators relying on site-specific information. This Personal View summarises commonly used indicators for assessing the environmental performance of diets, briefly outlines their benefits and drawbacks, and provides recommendations on indicator choices for actors across multiple fields involved in activities that include the environmental assessment of diets. We then provide recommendations on indicator choices for actors across multiple fields involved in activities that use environmental assessments, such as health and nutrition experts, policy makers, decision makers, and private-sector and public-sector sustainability officers. We recommend that environmental assessment of diets should include indicators for at least the five following areas: climate change, biosphere integrity, blue water consumption, novel entities, and impacts on natural resources (especially wild fish stocks), to capture important environmental trade-offs. If more indicators can be handled in the assessment, indicators to capture impacts related to land use quantity and quality and green water consumption should be used. For ambitious assessments, indicators related to biogeochemical flows, stratospheric ozone depletion, and energy use can be added.
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| 17. |
- Ran, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental assessment of diets: overview and guidance on indicator choice
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Planetary Health. - 2542-5196. ; 8:3, s. e172-e187
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comprehensive but interpretable assessment of the environmental performance of diets involves choosing a set of appropriate indicators. Current knowledge and data gaps on the origin of dietary foodstuffs restrict use of indicators relying on site-specific information.This Personal View summarises commonly used indicators for assessing the environmental performance of diets, briefly outlines their benefits and drawbacks, and provides recommendations on indicator choices for actors across multiple fields involved in activities that include the environmental assessment of diets.We then provide recommendations on indicator choices for actors across multiple fields involved in activities that use environmental assessments, such as health and nutrition experts, policy makers, decision makers, and private-sector and public-sector sustainability officers. We recommend that environmental assessment of diets should include indicators for at least the five following areas: climate change, biosphere integrity, blue water consumption, novel entities, and impacts on natural resources (especially wild fish stocks), to capture important environmental trade-offs.If more indicators can be handled in the assessment, indicators to capture impacts related to land use quantity and quality and green water consumption should be used. For ambitious assessments, indicators related to biogeochemical flows, stratospheric ozone depletion, and energy use can be added.
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| 18. |
- Sjöling, Åsa, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of allele dosage at polymorphic microsatellite loci displaying allelic imbalance in tumors by means of quantitative competitive-polymerase chain reaction.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Cancer genetics and cytogenetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-4608 .- 1873-4456. ; 157:2, s. 97-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of allelic imbalance at polymorphic marker loci is usually employed to identify chromosomal regions affected by recurrent aberrations in tumor genomes. Such regions are likely to harbor genes involved in the onset and/or progression of cancer. Although often used to identify regions of loss of heterozygosity caused by deletions/rearrangements near tumor suppressor gene loci, allelic imbalance can also reflect regional amplification, indicating the presence of oncogenes. It is difficult to tell these two situations apart after ordinary polymerase chain reaction (PCR), but here we describe a method that distinguishes allelic loss from allelic gain. The level of allelic imbalance was determined by quantitative PCR (QPCR) in the presence of an internal control DNA that displayed a third allele at the locus studied. To validate the efficiency of allele quantitation, we analyzed an amplified region in a set of rat fibrosarcomas. In four tumor samples with amplification of the Met oncogene, we could show with QPCR that there was amplification of one of the alleles at a microsatellite marker located close to Met. QPCR may be useful for cancer studies because experiments may be predesigned for using either suitable microsatellite markers or the abundant and polymorphic poly-A tails of rodent identifier sequences.
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| 19. |
- Teneberg, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Lactotetraosylceramide, a novel glycosphingolipid receptor for Helicobacter pylori, present in human gastric epithelium
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - Bethesda : American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 277:22, s. 19709-19719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The binding of Helicobacter pylori to glycosphingolipids was examined by binding of 35S-labeled bacteria to glycosphingolipids on thin-layer chromatograms. In addition to previously reported binding specificities, a selective binding to a non-acid tetraglycosylceramide of human meconium was found. This H. pylori binding glycosphingolipid was isolated and, on the basis of mass spectrometry, proton NMR spectroscopy, and degradation studies, were identified as Galβ3GlcNAcβ3-Galβ4Glcβ1Cer (lactotetraosylceramide). When using non-acid glycosphingolipid preparations from human gastric epithelial cells, an identical binding of H. pylori to the tetraglycosylceramide interval was obtained in one of seven samples. Evidence for the presence of lactotetraosylceramide in the binding-active interval was obtained by proton NMR spectroscopy of intact glycosphingolipids and by gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry of permethylated tetrasaccharides obtained by ceramide glycanase hydrolysis. The lactotetraosylceramide binding property was detected in 65 of 74 H. pylori isolates (88%) Binding of H. pylori to lactotetraosylceramide on thin-layer chromatograms was inhibited by preincubation with lactotetraose but not with lactose. Removal of the terminal galactose of lactotetraosylceramide by galactosidase hydrolysis abolished the binding as did hydrazinolysis of the acetamido group of the N-acetylglucosamine. Therefore, Galβ3GlcNAc is an essential part of the binding epitope.
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| 20. |
- Wang, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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A novel canine reference genome resolves genomic architecture and uncovers transcript complexity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Nature. - 2399-3642. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present GSD_1.0, a high-quality domestic dog reference genome with chromosome length scaffolds and contiguity increased 55-fold over CanFam3.1. Annotation with generated and existing long and short read RNA-seq, miRNA-seq and ATAC-seq, revealed that 32.1% of lifted over CanFam3.1 gaps harboured previously hidden functional elements, including promoters, genes and miRNAs in GSD_1.0. A catalogue of canine "dark" regions was made to facilitate mapping rescue. Alignment in these regions is difficult, but we demonstrate that they harbour trait-associated variation. Key genomic regions were completed, including the Dog Leucocyte Antigen (DLA), T Cell Receptor (TCR) and 366 COSMIC cancer genes. 10x linked-read sequencing of 27 dogs (19 breeds) uncovered 22.1 million SNPs, indels and larger structural variants. Subsequent intersection with protein coding genes showed that 1.4% of these could directly influence gene products, and so provide a source of normal or aberrant phenotypic modifications. Here, the authors report an improved de novo reference genome for the domestic dog based on a female German Shepherd named Mischka. The new genome increases contiguity 55-fold over the previous dog assembly and uncovers functional elements that were not previously identifiable.
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| 21. |
- Wang, Yunzhang, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive longitudinal study of epigenetic mutations in aging
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Epigenetics. - : BioMed Central. - 1868-7083 .- 1868-7075. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The role of DNA methylation in aging has been widely studied. However, epigenetic mutations, here defined as aberrant methylation levels compared to the distribution in a population, are less understood. Hence, we investigated longitudinal accumulation of epigenetic mutations, using 994 blood samples collected at up to five time points from 375 individuals in old ages.Results: We verified earlier cross-sectional evidence on the increase of epigenetic mutations with age, and identified important contributing factors including sex, CD19+ B cells, genetic background, cancer diagnosis, and technical artifacts. We further classified epigenetic mutations into High/Low Methylation Outliers (HMO/LMO) according to their changes in methylation, and specifically studied methylation sites (CpGs) that were prone to mutate (frequently mutated CpGs). We validated four epigenetically mutated CpGs using pyrosequencing in 93 samples. Furthermore, by using twins, we concluded that the age-related accumulation of epigenetic mutations was not related to genetic factors, hence driven by stochastic or environmental effects.Conclusions: Here we conducted a comprehensive study of epigenetic mutation and highlighted its important role in aging process and cancer development.
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| 22. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 23. |
- Adolfsson, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of signal fading in lithium formate EPR dosimeters using a new sensitive method
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 57:8, s. 2209-2217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate signal fading in lithium formate electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimeters used for clinical applications in radiotherapy. A new experimental method for determination of signal fading, designed to resolve small changes in signal from slowly decaying unstable radicals, was used. Possible signal fading in lithium formate due to different storage temperatures was also tested. Air humidity was kept at a constant level of 33% throughout the experiments. The conclusion drawn from the investigations was that the EPR signal from lithium formate is stable during at least 1 month after irradiation and is not sensitive to variations in storage temperature andlt;40 degrees C when kept at a relative air humidity of 33%. This makes lithium formate a suitable dosimeter for transfer dosimetry in clinical audits.
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| 24. |
- Ahlgren, Erik, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Biokombi Rya - slutrapporter från ingående delprojekt
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom projektet Biokombi Rya har ett flertal olika forskargrupper samarbetat för att studera system¬effekterna av förgasning av biobränsle ur olika aspekter. Syftet med projektet är att öka kunskapen om biobränsleförgasning i Sverige samt att utreda förutsättningar för att sådana anläggningar ska vara ekonomiskt och miljömässigt intressanta. En referensgrupp har varit kopplad till projektet där förutsättningar, resultat och slutsatser har behandlats.I denna underlagsrapport har slutrapporterna från projektets delprojekt samlats. De beskriver förutsättningar, metodansatser, använda data och resultat utförligt och utgör på så sätt ett viktigt komplement till den mer övergripande beskrivningen i projektets syntesrapport. De delrapporter som ingår har valts för att täcka in samtliga delar av projektet som är av allmänt intresse. Projektresultat som publicerats på annat sätt berörs dock mer kortfattat.Projektet Biokombi Rya har pågått under två år (2005-2006) och drivits av Chalmers EnergiCentrum. Förutom de omfattande analysinsatser som författarna till denna rapport står för, har Avdelningen för kemisk teknologi vid KTH, Siemens Industrial Turbines AB och Göteborg Energi AB bidragit med expertstöd. CIT Industriell Energianalys, med undertecknad som projektledare, har stått för projektledning och koordination.Projektet har finansierats av Energimyndigheten, Göteborg Energis forsknings¬stiftelse samt Göteborg Energi AB.
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| 25. |
- Ahlgren, Kerstin M., et al.
(författare)
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Increased IL-17A secretion in response to Candida albicans in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 and its animal model
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 41:1, s. 235-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a multiorgan autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and adrenal failure are hallmarks of the disease. The critical mechanisms causing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in APS-1 patients have not been identified although autoantibodies to cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis. To investigate whether the Th reactivity to Candida albicans (C. albicans) and other stimuli was altered, we isolated PBMC from APS-1 patients and matched healthy controls. The Th17 pathway was upregulated in response to C. albicans in APS-1 patients, whereas the IL-22 secretion was reduced. Autoantibodies against IL-22, IL-17A and IL-17F were detected in sera from APS-1 patients by immunoprecipitation. In addition, Aire-deficient (Aire(0/0) ) mice were much more susceptible than Aire(+/+) mice to mucosal candidiasis and C. albicans-induced Th17- and Th1-cell responses were increased in Aire(0/0) mice. Thus an excessive IL-17A reactivity towards C. albicans was observed in APS-1 patients and Aire(0/0) mice.
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