| 1. |
- Pillai, Rajath S, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Somatosensory and Psychosocial Function of Patients With Trigeminal Nerve Damage
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1536-5409 .- 0749-8047. ; 36:5, s. 321-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed somatosensory changes related to trigeminal nerve damage using extensive evaluation tools and assessed the effect of such damage on the patients' psychosocial status and quality of life compared with healthy participants.METHODS: In 37 patients with intraorally or extraorally presenting trigeminal nerve damage diagnosed as painful or nonpainful posttraumatic trigeminal neuropathy, psychophysical tests like quantitative sensory testing (QST) and qualitative sensory testing and the electrophysiological "nociceptive-specific" blink reflex were performed. The patients and 20 healthy participants completed a set of questionnaires assessing their psychosocial status and quality of life.RESULTS: A loss or gain of somatosensory function was seen in at least 1 QST parameter in >88.9% of the patients. Patients in whom extraoral QST was performed showed an overall loss of somatosensory function, whereas intraoral QST showed a general gain of somatosensory function. Qualitative sensory testing identified a side-to-side difference in the tactile and pinprick stimulation in >77% of the patients. An abnormal "nociceptive-specific" blink reflex response was seen in 42.1% to 71.4% of patients dependent on the trigeminal branch stimulated, though comparisons with healthy reference values showed ambiguous results. Compared with the healthy participants, patients showed higher scores for pain catastrophizing, symptoms of depression and anxiety, limited jaw function, more somatic symptoms, and significantly impaired oral health-related quality of life (all P<0.038).DISCUSSION: The results from the present study showed presence of varied somatosensory abnormalities when assessed using psychophysical and electrophysiological investigations and a significantly impaired psychosocial status.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Henrik, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Competency requirements for the assessment of patients with mental illness in somatic emergency care : A modified Delphi study from the nurses’ perspective
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : Sage Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 40:3, s. 162-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients suffering from mental illness are vulnerable, and they do not always have access to proper emergency care. The aim of this study was to identify competency requirements for the assessment of patients with mental illness by soliciting the views of emergency care nurses. A modified Delphi method comprising four rounds was used. Data were collected in Sweden between October 2018 and March 2019. The data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics. The panel of experts reached the highest level of consensus regarding basic medical knowledge: the capability to listen and show respect to the patient are essential competency requirements when assessing patients with mental illness in emergency care. Awareness of these competency requirements will enhance teaching and training of emergency care nurses.
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| 3. |
- Broesby-Olsen, Sigurd, et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary Management of Mastocytosis : Nordic Expert Group Consensus
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 96:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases defined by an increased number and accumulation of mast cells, and often also by signs and symptoms of mast cell activation. Disease subtypes range from indolent to rare aggressive forms. Mastocytosis affects people of all ages and has been considered rare; however, it is probably underdiagnosed with potential severe implications. Diagnosis can be challenging and symptoms may be complex and involve multiple organ-systems. In general it is advised that patients should be referred to centres with experience in the disease offering an individualized, multidisciplinary approach. We present here consensus recommendations from a Nordic expert group for the diagnosis and general management of patients with mastocytosis.
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| 4. |
- Eklund Karlsson, Leena, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Are universal measures sufficient in reducing child poverty in the Nordic countries? : An analysis of policies and political commitments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:7, s. 892-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have long traditions of social welfare policies that have eradicated poverty as part of their goals. The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of why child poverty is still significant in the Nordic countries despite existing strategies. Methods: A qualitative analysis of Nordic government documents and reports between 2007 and 2019 was carried out to track changes in public health priorities and political measures and to determine the similarities and differences between the five countries. Results: In all countries, most of the measures were universal, such as benefits during pregnancy, paid parental leave before and after the child was born, paid parental leave related to children’s sickness, child allowances, day care, free health care for children and support for disabled children. National policies aimed to reduce social inequalities and child poverty exist in all five countries, but unaffordable housing, unequal disposable family income distribution and unequal income distribution at local municipality levels seem to be obstacles to reaching national policy goals. Conclusions: Despite comprehensive universal measures to eradicate child poverty, inequalities are significant and increasing in some of the Nordic countries. This might be due to a lack of proportional universalism, where universal measures are in place in all Nordic countries, but with a lack of scale and intensity proportional to the children and families at risk. The significance of eliminating social inequalities needs to be emphasised at the local level.
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| 5. |
- Hjorth, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Thalidomide and dexamethasone vs. bortezomib and dexamethasone for melphalan refractory myeloma: a randomized study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: European journal of haematology. - : Wiley. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 88:6, s. 485-496
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: Thalidomide and bortezomib have been frequently used for second-line therapy in patients with myeloma relapsing after or refractory to initial melphalan-based treatment, but no randomized trials have been published comparing these two treatment alternatives. Methods: Thalidomide- and bortezomib-naïve patients with melphalan refractory myeloma were randomly assigned to low-dose thalidomide + dexamethasone (Thal-Dex) or bortezomib + dexamethasone (Bort-Dex). At progression on either therapy, the patients were offered crossover to the alternative drug combination. An estimated 300 patients would be needed for the trial to detect a 50% difference in median PFS between the treatment arms. Results: After inclusion of 131 patients, the trial was prematurely closed because of low accrual. Sixty-seven patients were randomized to Thal-Dex and 64 to Bort-Dex. Progression-free survival was similar (median, 9.0 months for Thal-Dex and 7.2 for Bort-Dex). Response rate was similar (55% for Thal-Dex and 63% for Bort-Dex), but time to response was shorter (P < 0.05) and the VGPR rate higher (P < 0.01) for Bort-Dex. Time-to-other treatment after crossover was similar (median, 13.2 months for Thal-Dex and 11.2 months for Bort-Dex), as was overall survival (22.8 months for Thal-Dex and 19.0 for Bort-Dex). Venous thromboembolism was seen in seven patients and cerebrovascular events in four patients in the Thal-Dex group. Severe neuropathy, reactivation of herpes virus infections, and mental depression were more frequently observed in the Bort-Dex group. In the quality-of-life analysis, no difference was noted for physical function, pain, and global quality of life. Fatigue and sleep disturbances were significantly more prevalent in the Bort-Dex group. Conclusions: Thalidomide (50–100 mg daily) in combination with dexamethasone seems to have an efficacy comparable with that of bortezomib and dexamethasone in melphalan refractory myeloma. However, the statistical strength of the results in this study is limited by the low number of included patients.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and outcome of primary resistant disease in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 201:4, s. 757-765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A significant proportion of events in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are caused by resistant disease (RD). We investigated clinical and biological characteristics in 66 patients with RD from 1013 children with AML registered and treated according to the NOPHO-AML 93, NOPHO-AML 2004, DB AML-01 and NOPHO-DBH AML 2012 protocols. Risk factors for RD were age10 years or older and a white-blood-cell count (WBC) of 100 x 10(9)/L or more at diagnosis. The five-year overall survival (OS) was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28%-52%). Of the 63 children that received salvage therapy with chemotherapy, 59% (N = 37) achieved complete remission (CR) with OS 57% (95% CI: 42%-75%) compared to 12% (95% CI: 4%-35%) for children that did not achieve CR. Giving more than two salvage chemotherapy courses did not increase CR rates. OS for all 43 patients receiving allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was 49% (95% CI: 36%-66%). Those achieving CR and proceeding to HSCT had an OS of 56% (95% CI: 41%-77%, N = 30). This study showed that almost 40% of children with primary resistant AML can be cured with salvage therapy followed by HSCT. Children that did not achieve CR after two salvage courses with chemotherapy did not benefit from additional chemotherapy.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Fusion transcript analysis reveals slower response kinetics than multiparameter flow cytometry in childhood acute myeloid leukaemia
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Laboratory Hematology. - : Wiley. - 1751-5521 .- 1751-553X. ; 44:6, s. 1094-1101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Analysis of measurable residual disease (MRD) is increasingly being implemented in the clinical care of children and adults with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, MRD methodologies differ and discordances in results lead to difficulties in interpretation and clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to compare results from reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in childhood AML and describe the kinetics of residual leukaemic burden during induction treatment. Methods In 15 children who were treated in the NOPHO-AML 2004 trial and had fusion transcripts quantified by RT-qPCR, we compared MFC with RT-qPCR for analysis of MRD during (day 15) and after induction therapy. Eight children had RUNX1::RUNX1T1, one CBFB::MYH11 and six KMT2A::MLLT3. Results When >= 0.1% was used as cut-off for positivity, 10 of 22 samples were discordant. The majority (9/10) were MRD positive with RT-qPCR but MRD negative with MFC, and several such cases showed the presence of mature myeloid cells. Fusion transcript expression was verified in mature cells as well as in CD34 expressing cells sorted from diagnostic samples. Conclusions Measurement with RT-qPCR suggests slower response kinetics than indicated from MFC, presumably due to the presence of mature cells expressing fusion transcript. The prognostic impact of early measurements with RT-qPCR remains to be determined.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Lene
(författare)
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Treatment failure in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: factors associated with frequency and outcome of resistant disease and relapse.
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although the prognosis for childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has improved over the last decades to a survival of over 70%, still 30-40 % relapse and 5-10% experience resistant disease with poor prognosis. The aim of this thesis was to perform a detailed analysis of disease characteristics and treatment in children with relapsed and resistant AML to provide means to improve prognosis. Also, since early response to therapy is one of the strongest prognostic factors for outcome, kinetics of the reduction in fusion transcript levels during induction was investigated. The thesis consists of three population-based studies and one descriptive study. Paper I included 208 children with relapsed AML treated on two consecutive NOPHO protocols, 1993 and 2004. In the second paper fusion transcript levels were measured in fifteen children during induction. The third paper included all 66 children with resistant AML treated on the NOPHO93, NOPHO2004, DB AML-01 and NOPHO2012 protocols. The fourth paper included 326 children with relapsed AML treated on the NOPHO2004, DB AML-01 and the NOPHO2012 protocols. Reinduction therapy, followed by stem cell transplant gave the best outcome in both relapsed AML and resistant AML. In children with relapse, we found that time to relapse has been constant over the last decades and that 90% of relapses occur within 2 years from end of therapy. Children <2 years had shorter time to relapse. Given that the overall survival for children with relapsed and resistant AML continues to be poor, increased enrollment of these patients in collaborative trials are needed. Additional refinement of risk stratification, especially for standard and intermediate risk patients could prevent relapses.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lange, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Bioeconomy : NCM reporting: Test centers for green energy solutions – Biorefineries and business needs
- 2016
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 the Nordic Council of Ministers initiated a new bioeconomy project: “Test centers for green energy solutions – Biorefineries and Business needs”. The purpose was to strengthen green growth in the area of the bioeconomy by analyzing and mapping the current status of the bioeconomy in the Nordic countries and identify potentials and obstacles, needs and opportunities. Based on this a set of policy recommendations was formulated. The project group participants were prominent scientists within the field of bioeconomy as well as government officials from all the Nordic countries. The project was headed by Professor Lene Lange, DTU, Denmark. The resulting Nordic Bioeconomy NCM Report consists of three parts: 1.Executive summary chapters (Introduction, Background, Scoping, Conclusions, Trends, Actions, and Recommendations, supplemented by highlights of the reporting from each of the Nordic countries).2. Full country reports on the bioeconomy, activities and available infrastructures from each of the Nordic countries, including Greenland and the Faroe Islands.3. A consultancy report (authored by Matis, Iceland) on business needs and opportunities within the bioeconomy, upgrading biological resources from agriculture, forestry, and fishery, as well as from industrial organic side streams and household waste.
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| 11. |
- Lange, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities for Seaweed Biorefinery
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Sustainable Seaweed Technologies : Cultivation, Biorefinery and Application - Cultivation, Biorefinery and Application. - 9780128179444 - 9780128179437 ; , s. 3-31
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This introductory chapter provides an overview of seaweed biorefinery opportunities, providing basis for multiple value chains, contributing to nutrition and health of a growing global population, to local job generation and development, to ecosystem services, and not the least to climate change mitigation and adaptation. A unique and rich diversity of the seaweed components provides the basis for the broad spectrum of value-chains described here. Red, brown, and green seaweeds are phylogenetically very different and this is reflected in their differences in growth, structure, and biochemical composition. Stable supply and high quality of feedstock are essential for unlocking the value-adding potential of seaweeds. A special focus of the chapter is to provide an overview of the range of different methods of seaweed production (through cultivation or from natural growth, collected or cut at the shore). Furthermore, the results of dedicated efforts to develop new deep-sea cultivation technologies of brown seaweed are highlighted. The chapter has a dual message with regard to seaweed processing: the need to develop more environmentally benign biological processing (to replace chemical processing); the advantage (regarding resource efficiency) and opportunities (social and economic) of designing seaweed biorefineries according to the cascading principle. Making optimized use of all valuable components of seaweed biomass, cascading from high-value products, such as skin care, health-promoting food and feed supplements and functional food ingredients; to lower-value products, such as plant stimulants, soil improvers, and bioenergy. Lastly, this introductory chapter provides global perspectives for future development of sustainable seaweed utilization, contributing to the UN-SDGs, providing livelihood and health for more.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Povlsen, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Are equity aspects communicated in Nordic public health documents?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 42:3, s. 235-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To explore if the term equity was applied and how measures for addressing social inequalities in health and reducing inequity were communicated in selected Nordic documents concerning public health. Methods: Documents from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden were collected and analysed by Nordic authors. Data included material from websites of ministries and authorities responsible for public health issues, with primary focus on steering documents, action programmes and reports from 2001 until spring 2013. Results: Most strategies applied in Danish, Finnish and Swedish documents focused on the population in general but paid special attention to vulnerable groups. The latest Danish and Finnish documents communicate a clearer commitment to address social inequalities in health. They emphasise the social gradient and the need to address the social determinants in order to improve the position of disadvantaged groups. Norwegian authorities have paid increasing attention to inequity/social inequalities in health and initiated a new law in 2012 which aims to address the social gradient in a more clear way than seen elsewhere in the Nordic countries. Conclusions: In the Nordic countries, re-distribution by means of universal welfare policies is historically viewed as a vital mechanism to improve the situation of vulnerable groups and level the social gradient. To establish the concept of equity as a strong concern and a core value within health promotion, it is important to be aware how policies can contribute to enable reduction of social health differences.
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| 15. |
- Povlsen, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Economic poverty among children and adolescents in the Nordic countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 46:20_suppl, s. 30-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study aimed to identify applied definitions and measurements of economic poverty and to explore the proportionsand characteristics of children and adolescents living in economic poverty in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway andSweden during the last decade and to compare various statistics between the Nordic countries. Methods: Official data fromcentral national authorities on statistics, national reports and European Union Statistics of income and living conditionsdata were collected and analysed during 2015–2016. Results: The proportion of Nordic children living in economic povertyin 2014 ranged from 9.4% in Norway to 18.5% in Sweden. Compared with the European Union average, from 2004 to 2014Nordic families with dependent children experienced fewer difficulties in making their money last, even though Icelandicfamilies reported considerable difficulties. The characteristics of children living in economic poverty proved to be similar inthe five countries and were related to their parents' level of education and employment, single-parent households and – inDenmark, Norway and Sweden – to immigrant background. In Finland, poverty among children was linked in particular tolow income in employed households. Conclusions: This study showed that economic poverty among Nordic familieswith dependent children has increased during the latest decade, but it also showed that poverty rates are notnecessarily connected to families' ability to make their money last. Therefore additional studies are neededto explore existing policies and political commitments in the Nordic countries to compensate families withdependent children living in poverty.
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| 16. |
- Rajashekarappa, Mohan, et al.
(författare)
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A Data-Driven Approach to Air Leakage Detection in Pneumatic Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 Global Reliability and Prognostics and Health Management (PHM-Nanjing). - : IEEE. - 9781665401319 - 9781665401302 - 9781665429795
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the transition phase of traditional manufacturing companies towards smart factories, they are likely to experience challenges like lack of prehistoric data recordings or events on which the machine learning models need to be trained. This paper introduces a novel approach of artificially induced anomalies for data labelling. Moreover, for newly installed systems or a setup, which has not seen any kind of malfunction yet, the combination of artificially induced anomalies by experiments and machine learning model help to proactively prepare for any kind of future hindrance of the production systems. Two experiments were performed for detection of air leakage. The first one was designed to identify 'sensitive feature' and understand the behaviour of the sensor readings with respect to different state of the machine. The second one was performed to capture more data points pertaining to leaking state of machine on a normal production day since the first one was conducted on a maintenance break). RUSBoosted bagged trees model was built as a supervised machine-learning model, which was yielded 98.73% accuracy, 99.40% precision, recall of 99.21%, and F1 score of 99.30% on test data for detecting pneumatic leakage. As a conclusion, previously unknown hidden patterns and insights regarding temperature feature along with a standardized and systematic methodology are the important deliverables of this study.
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| 17. |
- Ranta, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in Children With Hematologic Malignancies in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1077-4114 .- 1536-3678. ; 43:2, s. e272-e275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in severe respiratory and/or circulatory failure when conventional critical care fails. Studies on patients with hematologic malignancies on ECMO have shown contradictory results; immunosuppression and coagulopathy are relative contraindications to ECMO.Observations: This nationwide Swedish retrospective chart review identified 958 children with hematologic malignancies of whom 12 (1.3%) required ECMO support. Eight patients survived ECMO, 7 the total intensive care period, and 6 survived the underlying malignancy.Conclusions: ECMO may be considered in children with hematologic malignancy. Short-term and long-term survival, in this limited group, was similar to that of children on ECMO at large.
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| 18. |
- Ranta, S., et al.
(författare)
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High need for intensive care in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia: A population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:11, s. 2235-2241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Risk of treatment-related life-threatening toxicity is high in childhood acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and access to intensive care units (ICU) is crucial. We explored the ICU admission rate and outcome after intensive care in childhood AML in Sweden. Methods Patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 were identified from the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry (SCCR), a national quality registry. Data from SCCR was cross-referenced with clinical questionnaire data from paediatric oncology centers and the Swedish Intensive Care Registry (SIR), another national quality registry. Results According to combined data, 46% of the children (58/126) were admitted to ICU, 17% (21/126) within 1 month from diagnosis. Overall, ICU mortality per admission was 12% and 6% during first-line treatment. There was a discrepancy between admission rate from the clinical questionnaires and SCCR (29%; 36/126 children) and SIR (44%; 55/126) All deaths during first-line treatment occurred at or after ICU care. Conclusion Although admission rate under AML treatment was high, the treatment-related mortality under first-line treatment was low. No child died under first-line treatment without admission to ICU, suggesting good availability. The discrepancy between the two registries, SCCR and SIR, highlights the need for future validation of registry data.
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| 19. |
- Ranta, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Icu admission in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in sweden: Prevalence, outcome, and risk factors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. - Philadelphia, PA, United States : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1529-7535 .- 1947-3893. ; 22:12, s. 1050-1060
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Despite progress in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, severe complications are common, and the need of supportive care is high. We explored the cumulative prevalence, clinical risk factors, and outcomes of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, on first-line leukemia treatment in the ICUs in Sweden.DESIGN: A nationwide prospective register and retrospective chart review study.SETTING: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were identified,and demographic and clinical data were obtained from the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry. Data on intensive care were collected from the Swedish Intensive Care Registry. Data on patients with registered ICU admission in the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry were supplemented through questionnaires to the pediatric oncology centers.PATIENTS: All 637 children 0-17.9 years old with acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed between June 2008 and December 2016 in Sweden were included.INTERVENTIONS: None.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent of the children (178/637) were admitted to an ICU at least once. The Swedish Intensive Care Registry data were available for 96% of admissions (241/252). An ICU admission was associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.97-5.36; p ≤ 0.0001). ICU admissions occurred often during early treatment; 48% (85/178) were admitted to the ICU before the end of the first month of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment (induction therapy). Children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or CNS leukemia had a higher risk of being admitted to the ICU in multivariable analyses, both for early admissions before the end of induction therapy and for all admissions during the study period.CONCLUSIONS: The need for intensive care in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, especially for children with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and CNS leukemia, is high with most admissions occurring during early treatment.
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| 20. |
- Schiøtt, Morten, et al.
(författare)
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Biorefining of brown seaweeds catalyzed through innovative enzyme processes
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Ingår i: Industrial Biotechnology. - 1550-9087.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current expansion of seaweed farming to North America and Europe can be a cornerstone in a new “blue bioeconomy” in the Northern Hemisphere. In this domain, the focus of R&D efforts is on creating value-added products through new biorefining processes for valorizing the unique polysaccharides of seaweeds. Apart from direct consumption of seaweeds as food—particularly in the Asian cuisine—commercial seaweed products are primarily natural hydrocolloids used to make viscous suspensions and gels, but new valuable products exerting bioactivity are coming into focus. This recent development rests on targeted, gentle extraction and modification of the seaweed polysaccharides using tailormade bioprocessing enzyme technologies. Since brown seaweed cultivation is rising in the Northern Hemisphere, this article provides an overview of recent advances and prospects in brown seaweed biorefining.
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| 21. |
- Schmidt, L., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative drug pair screening across multiple glioblastoma cell lines reveals novel drug-drug interactions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1522-8517 .- 1523-5866. ; 15:11, s. 1469-1478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults, and despite state-of-the-art treatment, survival remains poor and novel therapeutics are sorely needed. The aim of the present study was to identify new synergistic drug pairs for GBM. In addition, we aimed to explore differences in drug-drug interactions across multiple GBM-derived cell cultures and predict such differences by use of transcriptional biomarkers. We performed a screen in which we quantified drug-drug interactions for 465 drug pairs in each of the 5 GBM cell lines U87MG, U343MG, U373MG, A172, and T98G. Selected interactions were further tested using isobole-based analysis and validated in 5 glioma-initiating cell cultures. Furthermore, drug interactions were predicted using microarray-based transcriptional profiling in combination with statistical modeling. Of the 5 465 drug pairs, we could define a subset of drug pairs with strong interaction in both standard cell lines and glioma-initiating cell cultures. In particular, a subset of pairs involving the pharmaceutical compounds rimcazole, sertraline, pterostilbene, and gefitinib showed a strong interaction in a majority of the cell cultures tested. Statistical modeling of microarray and interaction data using sparse canonical correlation analysis revealed several predictive biomarkers, which we propose could be of importance in regulating drug pair responses. We identify novel candidate drug pairs for GBM and suggest possibilities to prospectively use transcriptional biomarkers to predict drug interactions in individual cases.
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| 22. |
- Waage, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide or placebo in elderly patients with multiple myeloma
- 2010
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 116:9, s. 1405-1412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 363 patients with untreated multiple myeloma were randomized to receive either melphalan-prednisone and thalidomide (MPT) or melphalan-prednisone and placebo (MP). The dose of melphalan was 0.25 mg/kg and prednisone was 100 mg given daily for 4 days every 6 weeks until plateau phase. The dose of thalidomide/placebo was escalated to 400 mg daily until plateau phase and thereafter reduced to 200 mg daily until progression. A total of 357 patients were analyzed. Partial response was 34% and 33%, and very good partial response or better was 23% and 7% in the MPT and MP arms, respectively (P < .001). There was no significant difference in progression-free or overall survival, with median survival being 29 months in the MPT arm and 32 months in the MP arm. Most quality of life outcomes improved equally in both arms, apart from constipation, which was markedly increased in the MPT arm. Constipation, neuropathy, non-neuropathy neurologic toxicity, and skin reactions were significantly more frequent in the MPT arm. The number of thromboembolic events was equal in the 2 treatment arms. In conclusion, MPT had a significant antimyeloma effect, but this did not translate into improved survival. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.
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| 23. |
- Wibe, Atle, et al.
(författare)
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Combining 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, the major flower volatile of wild strawberry Fragaria vesca, with the aggregation pheromone of the strawberry blossom weevil Anthonomus rubi improves attraction
- 2014
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Ingår i: Crop Protection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-2194 .- 1873-6904. ; 64, s. 122-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aggregation pheromone of strawberry blossom weevil [Anthonomus rubi Herbst (Col.: Curculionidae)1, a 1:4:1 blend of Grandlure I, II and racemic lavadulol, has been available for pest monitoring for several years but shows low attractancy. Attempts to control A. rubi using the pheromone alone were also unsuccessful. This paper reports the finding that addition of the major flower volatile from wild strawberry flowers [Fragaria vesca L. (Rosaceae)], 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (comprising 98% of the volatiles emitted from wild strawberry flowers), to the aggregation pheromone increased trap catches by over two fold compared to the pheromone alone. There was no significant difference between the response of overwintered or summer emerged adults. Field trials in 2007-2008 in central and southern Norway, Denmark and southern England used green funnel traps with white cross vanes for the evaluations. (-)-Germacrene D, previously shown to be emitted by plants in increased amounts in the presence of pheromone producing weevils, did not improve trap catches. Thus, the combined use of the aggregation pheromone and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene is promising for improved monitoring and possibly control of this important pest of strawberry.
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