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- Franzen-Rohl, E., et al.
(författare)
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Herpes simplex virus specific T cell response in a cohort with primary genital infection correlates inversely with frequency of subsequent recurrences
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sexually Transmitted Infections. - : BMJ. - 1368-4973 .- 1472-3263. ; 93:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives During the last decades, a changing epidemiological pattern of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has emerged. Primary infection is now caused as often by HSV-1 as by HSV-2. Once established, HSV can be reactivated leading to recurrent mucocutaneous lesions as well as meningitis. Why some otherwise immune-competent individuals experience severe and frequent recurrences is not known, and the immunological mechanism underlying recurrent symptomatic HSV infection is not fully understood. In this study, we investigate and characterise the immune response of patients with first episode of HSV genital infection and its relation to the frequency of symptomatic recurrences. Methods In this cohort study, clinical and immunological data were collected from 29 patients who were followed 1 year after presenting with a first episode of genital or meningeal HSV infection. They were classified by PCR and serology as those with primary HSV-1, primary HSV-2 and non-primary HSV-2 infection. Results HSV-specific interleukin(Il)-4 and II-10 responses at first visit were higher in primary infected HSV-2 infected patients experiencing lower numbers of recurrences during subsequent year. Conclusions The median number of recurrences following primary HSV-2 genital infection may partly be predicted by the strength of an early HSV-specific IL-4 and IL-10 response.
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- Michaelsson, J, et al.
(författare)
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A signal peptide derived from hsp60 binds HLA-E and interferes with CD94/NKG2A recognition
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of experimental medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 196:11, s. 1403-1414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule which presents a restricted set of nonameric peptides, derived mainly from the signal sequence of other MHC class I molecules. It interacts with CD94/NKG2 receptors expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells and T cell subsets. Here we demonstrate that HLA-E also presents a peptide derived from the leader sequence of human heat shock protein 60 (hsp60). This peptide gains access to HLA-E intracellularly, resulting in up-regulated HLA-E/hsp60 signal peptide cell-surface levels on stressed cells. Notably, HLA-E molecules in complex with the hsp60 signal peptide are no longer recognized by CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptors. Thus, during cellular stress an increased proportion of HLA-E molecules may bind the nonprotective hsp60 signal peptide, leading to a reduced capacity to inhibit a major NK cell population. Such stress induced peptide interference would gradually uncouple CD94/NKG2A inhibitory recognition and provide a mechanism for NK cells to detect stressed cells in a peptide-dependent manner.
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- Berg, L., et al.
(författare)
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LIR-1 expression on lymphocytes, and cytomegalovirus disease in lung-transplant recipients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Lancet. - 0140-6736. ; 361:9363, s. 1099-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human cytomegalovirus infection is a major cause of morbidity after lung transplantation. LIR-1 (leucocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor-1) is an inhibitory cell surface receptor that has high affinity for an MHC class I homologue (UL18) encoded by human cytomegalovirus. We aimed to investigate whether reactivation of human cytomegalovirus affects the expression of LIR-1. We measured LIR-1 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes from 13 lung-transplant recipients and established human cytomegalovirus load using PCR. Eight patients developed cytomegalovirus disease. The percentage of cells expressing LIR-1 increased in the patients who developed cytomegalovirus disease several weeks before viral DNA was detectable by PCR. Measurement of LIR-1 expression might allow early identification of cytomegalovirus disease in lung-transplant patients.
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- Branner, H, et al.
(författare)
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NK cells in type 1 diabetes
- 2007
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Ingår i: DIABETOLOGIA. - 0012-186X. ; 50, s. S190-S190
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Brodin, P, et al.
(författare)
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The strength of inhibitory input during education quantitatively tunes the functional responsiveness of individual natural killer cells
- 2009
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 113:11, s. 2434-2441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural killer (NK) cells express inhibitory receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. If self-MHC is down-regulated or absent, lack of inhibition triggers “missing self” killing. NK cells developing in the absence of MHC class I are hypo-responsive, demonstrating that MHC class I molecules are required for NK-cell education. Here, we show that the number and the type of MHC class I alleles that are present during NK-cell education quantitatively determine the frequency of responding NK cells, the number of effector functions in individual NK cells, and the amount of interferon-γ production in NK cells of specific Ly49 subsets. A relationship between the extent of inhibitory signals during education and functional responsiveness was corroborated by an enhanced probability of NK cells expressing more than one inhibitory receptor for a single host self–MHC class I allele to degranulate after activation. Our data suggest that the capacity of an individual NK cell to respond to stimulation is quantitatively controlled by the extent of inhibitory signals that are received from MHC class I molecules during NK-cell education.
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- Carbone, E, et al.
(författare)
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A new mechanism of NK cell cytotoxicity activation: the CD40-CD40 ligand interaction
- 1997
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Ingår i: The Journal of experimental medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 185:12, s. 2053-2060
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NK recognition is regulated by a delicate balance between positive signals initiating their effector functions, and inhibitory signals preventing them from proceeding to cytolysis. Knowledge of the molecules responsible for positive signaling in NK cells is currently limited. We demonstrate that IL-2–activated human NK cells can express CD40 ligand (CD40L) and that recognition of CD40 on target cells can provide an activation pathway for such human NK cells. CD40-transfected P815 cells were killed by NK cell lines expressing CD40L, clones and PBLderived NK cells cultured for 18 h in the presence of IL-2, but not by CD40L-negative fresh NK cells. Cross-linking of CD40L on IL-2–activated NK cells induced redirected cytolysis of CD40-negative but Fc receptor-expressing P815 cells. The sensitivity of human TAP-deficient T2 cells could be blocked by anti-CD40 antibodies as well as by reconstitution of TAP/MHC class I expression, indicating that the CD40-dependent pathway for NK activation can be downregulated, at least in part, by MHC class I molecules on the target cells. NK cell recognition of CD40 may be important in immunoregulation as well as in immune responses against B cell malignancies.
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