| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Forssén, Jens, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to traffic noise abatement
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Methods for Transport Noise Reduction. - : CRC Press. ; , s. 1-18
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Presents Evidence-Based Guidance on Noise Abatement Methods Solutions for reducing the noise impact of road and rail traffic can be found in the use of natural elements in combination with artificial elements in urban and rural environments. Ground and road surface treatments; trees, forests, and tall vegetation; and the greening of buildings and other surfaces can contribute to powerful and cost-effective noise reduction. Environmental Methods for Transport Noise Reduction presents the main findings of the Holistic and Sustainable Abatement of Noise by optimized combinations of Natural and Artificial means (HOSANNA) research project. This project involved experts from seven countries, and assessed noise reduction in terms of sound level reductions, perceptual effects, and cost–benefit analysis. It considered a number of green abatement strategies, and aimed to develop a toolbox for reducing road and rail traffic noise in outdoor environments. Combines Theory with Practice Broad in both theory and application and based on leading-edge research, the book brings together the findings and their practical use. It details assessment methods for perceived noise, and outlines noise prediction methods that can be integrated with noise mapping software. It also explores the economic benefits and positive effects on urban air quality and CO2 levels. The material is this book: Includes up-to-date results on noise mitigation using vegetation and ground treatments Contains relevant results on innovative noise barrier designs Presents data on acoustic performance of vegetation and soil substratum Provides perceptual and cost–benefit analyses of noise mitigation methods Environmental Methods for Transport Noise Reduction is a helpful guide for noise consultants, city planners, architects, landscape architects, and researchers.
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| 3. |
- Gidlöf-Gunnarsson, Anita, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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A full-scale intervention example of the quiet-side concept in a residential area exposed to road traffic noise: Effects on the perceived sound environment and general annoyance
- 2010
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Ingår i: 39th International Congress on Noise Control Engineering 2010, INTER-NOISE 2010; Lisbon; Portugal; 13 June 2010 through 16 June 2010. - 9781617823961 ; 3, s. 2468-2477
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The “quiet side concept” was tested in a full-scale intervention project in a residential area exposed to high sound levels from road traffic. Through new buildings that fill in gaps between buildings facing the highway, a considerable rebuilding of the dwellings and erection of a noise barrier, less noise-exposed courtyards and sides of the dwellings were created, although the definition for a “quiet side” (LAeq,24h <45 dB, free field value) was not reached. A longitudinal questionnaire study was conducted before (2004) and after (2009) the interventions. The results in the after-study 2009 show that noise levels, in general, were reduced with 5-10 dB at the most traffic exposed side and with 4-10 dB at the less noise exposed side (courtyards), general noise annoyance was decreased substantially, and the perceived sound environment indoors and outdoors was improved for three out of five investigated building sites. Although the implemented extensive interventions and the significantly lower noise levels, there were still a majority of the respondents in the residential area that perceived the outdoor environment as dominated by sounds from road traffic.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gidlöf-Gunnarsson, Anita, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Ljudlandskap för bättre hälsa. Resultat och slutsatser från ett multidisciplinärt forskningsprogram : Soundscape Support to Health. Final Report.
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vikten av tillgång till goda ljudlandskap för vår hälsa och vårt välbefinnande, vad som kännetecknar sådana goda ljudlandskap, hur man mäter kvalitén och hur man åstadkommer goda ljudlandskap i och kring bostäder och i rekreationsområden har varit centrala frågor för forskningsprogrammet Ljudlandskap för bättre hälsa. Genom samarbetet mellan forskare inom miljömedicin, miljöpsykologi och akustik har programmet skapat förutsättningar för bred kunskapsutveckling och framtagning av helhetslösningar som i grunden baseras på påverkan av ljud/buller på hälsa och välbefinnande. De viktigaste resultaten finns sammanfattade i denna rapport som finns att ladda ned som en pdf-fil under www.ljudlandskap.acoustics.nu
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| 6. |
- Gidlöf-Gunnarsson, Anita, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Noise responses before and after noise abatement measures in a residential intervention project
- 2015
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Ingår i: Noise Control Engineering Journal. - : Institute of Noise Control Engineering (INCE). - 0736-2501. ; 63:3, s. 249-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a residential area exposed to road traffic noise a socio-acoustic longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the effects of a large intervention project on acoustical conditions and resident's noise responses. The paper presents results on general noise annoyance, noise disturbed activities and perceptions of the sound environment in relation to obtained noise levels before and after the interventions. The most comprehensive abatement measures implemented were construction of new buildings that filled in gaps between buildings facing the highway and erection of a noise barrier to create less noise-exposed court- yards and sides of the dwellings. One building site had a considerable renovation, such as installation of new windows, glazed-in balconies, and an upgrading to two-sided flats with windows facing the quieter courtyard. Overall in the resi- dential area, noise levels were reduced with 5–10 dB at the most traffic exposed side and with 4–10 dB at the less noise exposed side. General noise annoyance and sleep disturbances decreased substantially and the perceived sound environ- ment indoors and outdoors was improved for a majority of the investigated building sites. Through the successful combination of measures taken in the res- idential area, we obtained significant positive effects; however, measures to fur- ther reduce the negative impacts of noise on health and well-being and to improve the sound environment are needed and suggested.
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| 7. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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40-45 dB-Criteria for a good sound environment in urban areas
- 2010
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Ingår i: 39th International Congress on Noise Control Engineering 2010, INTER-NOISE 2010; Lisbon; Portugal; 13 June 2010 through 16 June 2010. - 9781617823961 ; 8, s. 6115-6121
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current guideline values for environmental noise outside urban dwellings are technical/economical compromises that seldom imply a good acoustical environment. A good sound environment must be one where noise does not interfere with rest and sleep, which implies no or low speech interference without raising voice level, where observed annoyance is close to zero and which is perceived as pleasant and restorative. Previous research and our own studies all indicate that these conditions to be fulfilled outdoors would require LAeq
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| 8. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934
(författare)
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Experiences of implementation of soundscapes in policies
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings Internoise 2007, Istanbul.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noise is difficult to manage from the political side. The reason is that there is no technological fix available on the source side and that the discrepance between the existing situation and the desired one is so great. When discussing policy results, it is necessary to distinguish between the local level, the national public agency level (non-departemental public body), the national political level and the EU/international level. The results from our research has influenced the public agency level in Sweden, but much less the national political level. Access to a ”quiet side” has become an important element in the planning when the noise level at the directly exposed side of dwellings does not fulfil the national guidelines. A clear definition of the concept has also been set (Leq24h
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring the long-term development of the community noise situation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Prag, Czech Republic, August 22-25. 6 pages..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The community noise situation changes slowly and the goal – a community without noise disturbances – is very remote. It is, however, important to monitor if the development goes in direction of increasing or decreasing problems. The studies in the program Soundscape support to health have given some quantitative data on how differences in the acoustic soundscape can influence residents’ perceived soundscapes as well as their annoyance and sleep disturbance. It is insufficient to look only at the sound pressure levels outside the most exposed facades. Cost effective measures to reduce the adverse effects and promote positive effects can retrieved from soundscape studies. Monitoring the development by sufficiently accurate acoustic measurements in a sufficient number of points is very expensive. A better way is to try to measure the adverse effects of the community noise. Annoyance is one adverse candidate variable that can be measured at reasonable cost. A first study of this kind has been performed in Sweden through telephone interviews directed to 2000 persons. The results are promising.
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| 11. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934
(författare)
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Noise as a constraining factor in 21st century urbanization
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings CAETS convocation Tokyo Oct 2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is important to recognize that noise is a global environmental issue and is a constraining factor to the sustainable growth of humankind in the 21st century. The World Health Organization considers 'urban noise to be the third most hazardous pollution (air, water, noise).' The European Commission has stated that 'noise is one of the environmental pressures that is closest to the citizens. In public surveys, problems with noise are rated at the highest level together with global warming.' The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration considers 'noise to be the most serious problem facing the necessary expansion of the nation's air transportation system in the future.' Solutions of noise problems are technological tasks. However, it is easier to design a car that is faster than one that is quieter! Therefore, the noise issue will mean very demanding tasks for skilled engineers.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934
(författare)
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Noise policy - integration with climate and natural resource policies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings Inter-Noise 2012, 41st International Congress on Noise Control Engineering, New York, August 2012.. - 9781627485609 ; 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change policy is difficult. Noise policy is even more difficult because of its complexity. There is such a wide range of society’s processes/activities in which noise problems are integrated. There are win/win situations. Lower noise emissions facilitate healthy quiet compact cities. Compact cities save land use and fuel, have typical shorter travelling distances, lower speeds are possible. Barrier effects can be reduced. Walking and bicycling can be promoted. There are conflicts. Demands upon reduced fuel consumption and cleaner exhaust gases from road vehicles and jet engines make the noise emission problems tougher. Traffic safety demands on roads may collide with ways to reduce the noise emissions. Politicians in national and international bodies call noise a local problem which, however, local politicians cannot solve if not the source levels get reduced which is an area for international agreements. National industrial interests delay progress towards quieter products. Economic sub-optimization lead to unfortunate end results. To get a really quieter world demands that planners, builders, industries, etc. all do more. Speed policy is an important area. Few politicians understand the real complexity of the noise problems. We, noise professionals, have to spend more time on teaching and influencing them.
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| 14. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Quieter cities of the future
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The health effects of road traffic noise in cities are severe and constitute a threat to public health. Immission goals in the form of guideline values were formulated in many countries in the 1960s. The guidelines have remained rather unchanged but often been much exceeded in practice. Now, the scientific basis for health-based targets has become strong. A one-day forum was held in Innsbruck in September 2013. Its purpose was to clarify the effectiveness of present methods and policies. The forum was unique in bringing together noise control experts covering the whole chain from source to receiver including the health effects of the resulting immissions. There is no single technological fix available to decrease the adverse health effects. The road traffic noise problems cannot get reasonable solutions only through emission reductions even with foreseeable best technology. Present methods to measure and describe the emissions are neither sufficient nor adequate. Conclusions were drawn on what is needed and what can and should be done in terms of policy to substantially reduce the adverse health effects of traffic noise. A concerted action by several involved bodies is needed.
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| 15. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Sound environment as a global issue-perspectives on global noise policy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings Internoise 2011, 40th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Osaka: 4 through 7 September 2011. ; 1, s. 55-66
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under the leadership of Professor Fritz Ingerslev, INCE and the INTER-NOISE congresses were internationalized in 1974. Since then both I-INCE and the congresses have evolved to become the world’s leading sources of technology solutions in the expanding field of noise control engineering with more than 15,000 papers in the congress series and more than 1,000 articles published in Noise Control Engineering Journal. This year we celebrate the 40th INTER-NOISE congress. The roles of noise immission effects and noise emission control have now been clarified. Both approaches to the problem of excessive noise have merit and can be most effective when used together. Of the major economic powers, Japan has had the most notable success in combining noise immission guidelines with noise emission regulatory requirements. The International Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences (CAETS) initiated a noise policy project in 2007. The principal objective of the project is to assist the world’s policymakers in improving national and international requirements in noise policies. Emphasis is placed on the need for substantial reductions in the noise emissions of the world’s dominant noise sources. The CAETS project provides independent information about the technological options and barriers to balance the lobbying from industry. In three CAETS fora (in 2008, 2009, and 2010) the existing technology for quieter sources has been assessed. Efforts to inform policymakers are currently underway in Australia, Japan, Sweden, Switzerland, the European Union, and the USA. The CAETS project is closely linked to and strongly supported by I-INCE.
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| 16. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934
(författare)
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Trafikbuller i planeringen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Plan. ; 62:1, s. 18 - 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trafikbuller har länge varit ett bekymmer i planeringen. Trenden är fortfarande negativ. Trafiken bullrar för mycket och fordonen har inte blivit annat än marginellt tystare de senaste 40 åren. Buller skiljer sig i det avseendet från många andra föroreningar där krav på minskade utsläpp haft stor verkan. Vid Chalmers har forskningsprogrammet Ljudlandskap för bättre hälsa visat på metoder för att minska bullrets negativa effekter i bebyggda miljöer.
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| 17. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934
(författare)
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Volvo Environment Prize - The 20 First Years.
- 2009
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Volvo Environment Prize is awarded for outstanding innovations or discoveries - scientific, socio-economic or technological - which have a direct or indirect significance in the environmental field and which are of global or regional importance. The book describes the development of the Prize since its institution in 1989; the process and its rules from the call for nominations of candidates to the annual award ceremony. The book includes comprehensive descriptions of the laureates’ achievements which illustrate the wide interpretation of the concept environment which the scientific committee and the Prize jury have made already from the early beginning and which is nowadays more widely appreciated than it was 20 years ago.
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| 18. |
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