| 1. |
- Eriksson, Kaja, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal Health and Oral Microbiota in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0383. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate the periodontal health of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to oral microbiota, systemic and oral inflammatory mediators, and RA disease activity. Forty patients underwent full-mouth dental/periodontal and rheumatological examination, including collection of blood, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque. Composition of plaque and saliva microbiota were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and levels of inflammatory mediators by multiplex-immunoassay. The majority of the patients (75%) had moderate or severe periodontitis and the rest had no/mild periodontitis. Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positivity was significantly more frequent in the moderate/severe periodontitis (86%) compared to the no/mild group (50%). No significance between groups was observed for RA disease duration or activity, or type of medication. Levels of sCD30/TNFRSF8, IFN-2, IL-19, IL-26, MMP-1, gp130/sIL-6R ss, and sTNF-R1 were significantly higher in serum or GCF, and April/TNFSF13 was significantly higher in serum and saliva samples in moderate/severe periodontitis. The microbial composition in plaque also differed significantly between the two groups. In conclusion, the majority of RA patients had moderate/severe periodontitis and that this severe form of the disease was significantly associated with ACPA positivity, an altered subgingival microbial profile, and increased levels of systemic and oral inflammatory mediators.
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| 2. |
- Klinge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Prophylactic antibiotics for staged bone augmentation in implant dentistry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 78:1, s. 64-73
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The objective of the study was to assess the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on the outcome of bone augmentation and subsequent dental implant placement by combining the recommended quality assessment methods for systematic reviews and primary studies.Materials and methods: This is a complex systematic review in which systematic reviews as well as primary studies are scrutinised. A search of Medline (OVID), The Cochrane Library (Wiley) and EMBASE, PubMed and Health technology assessment (HTA) organisations as-well as a complementary hand-search was carried out. Selected primary studies were assessed using GRADE. Each study was reviewed by three authors independently.Results: Abstract screening yielded six potential systematic reviews allocated for full-text inspection. A total of ten primary studies were read in full-text. No relevant systematic reviews regarding the topic of this article were found. The quality assessment resulted in two primary studies with a moderate risk of bias. Of the two studies with a moderate risk of bias, one compared a single dose of clindamycin 600 mg preoperatively with the same preoperative dose followed by four doses of 300 mg every 6 h. The second study compared a single dose prophylaxis of two different types of antibiotic compounds.Conclusion: In conclusion, the scientific evidence regarding the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for reducing the risk of infection in conjunction with bone augmentation procedures during dental implant placement is very limited. The infection rate as compared to nonusage of prophylactic antibiotics, selection of the most suitable compound, and the optimal duration of prophylactic treatment is still unknown.
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| 3. |
- Klinge, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Dental Implant Quality Register : A possible tool to further improve implant treatment and outcome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 29:Suppl 18, s. 145-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Board of EAO (European Association for Osseointegration) has discussed an initiative to explore the conditions to establish a Dental Implant Register. It was suggested to bring this issue to the EAO Consensus Conference 2018 for a discussion and to possibly propose relevant and manageable parameters. This article presents some select examples from quality registers in the medical field. Based on the experience of established registers, essentially in the medical field, factors considered to be of importance, if and when establishing a Dental Implant Register are introduced and discussed.
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| 4. |
- Klinge, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 126:Suppl 1: S1, s. 88-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When celebrating 100 yr of dental research in the Nordic dental research commu- nity (i.e. Nordisk Odontologisk Fo€rening (NOF)), it is relevant to include dental implant treatment. In essence, the successful progress of implant treatment has added both to the quality of life for patients and also to many aspects of profes- sional development and job satisfaction for dentists. When appreciating the success story it also seems relevant to highlight some of the problems related to this treat- ment. Both technical and biological complications have often been ignored when reporting long-term results following implant treatment. Different opinions have been expressed in relation to the etiology of peri-implant diseases. Some even choose to ignore this condition as a clinical problem. This article presents a short overview of peri-implant diseases (i.e. peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis). The lack of internationally agreed disease definitions for peri-implant diseases, as with periodontitis, results in wide variation of estimates for the occurrence of peri- implant diseases when epidemiological data are reported. The profession still strives to find and define the best way to deal with peri-implant diseases once they are accurately diagnosed. Awareness of the tissue conditions in the peri-implant area, and relevant action when indicated, seems to be critical for the continued long-term successful outcome of dental implant treatment.
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| 5. |
- Lundmark, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Mucin 4 and matrix metalloproteinase 7 as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:3, s. 247-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by irreversible destruction of tooth-supporting tissue including alveolar bone. We recently reported mucin 4 ( MUC4) and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) as highly associated with periodontitis in gingival tissue biopsies. The aim of this study was to further investigate the levels of MUC4 and MMP7 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of patients with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Saliva and GCF samples were collected from periodontitis patients and healthy controls. The levels of MUC4, MMP7, and total protein concentrations were analysed using ELISA or Bradford assay. Results: MUC4 levels were significantly lower in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients relative to healthy controls. MMP7 levels were significantly higher in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that MUC4 was significantly associated with periodontitis after adjusting for age and smoking habits and, moreover, that the combination of MUC4 and MMP7 accurately discriminated periodontitis from healthy controls. Conclusions: MUC4 and MMP7 may be utilized as possible novel biomarkers for periodontitis.
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| 6. |
- Naimi-Akbar, Aron, et al.
(författare)
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Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery : A complex systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective In orthognathic surgery, antibiotics are prescribed to reduce the risk of postoperative infection. However, there is lack of consensus over the appropriate drug, the dose and duration of administration. The aim of this complex systematic review was to assess the effect of antibiotics on postoperative infections in orthognathic surgery. Methods Both systematic reviews and primary studies were assessed. Medline (OVID), The Cochrane Library (Wiley) and EMBASE (embase.com), PubMed (non-indexed articles) and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) publications were searched. The primary studies were assessed using GRADE and the systematic reviews by AMSTAR. Results Screening of abstracts yielded 6 systematic reviews and 36 primary studies warranting full text scrutiny. In total, 14 primary studies were assessed for risk of bias. Assessment of the included systematic reviews identified two studies with a moderate risk of bias, due to inclusion in the meta-analyses of primary studies with a high risk of bias. Quality assessment of the primary studies disclosed one with a moderate risk of bias and one with a low risk. The former compared a single dose of antibiotic with 24 hour prophylaxis using the same antibiotic; the latter compared oral and intravenous administration of antibiotics. Given the limited number of acceptable studies, no statistical analysis was undertaken, as it was unlikely to contribute any relevant information. Conclusion With respect to antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery, most of the studies to date have been poorly conducted and reported. Thus scientific uncertainty remains as to the preferred antibiotic and the optimal duration of administration.
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| 7. |
- Åkerman, Sigvard, et al.
(författare)
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Munhålan
- 2012
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Ingår i: Kliniska färdigheter. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144075914 ; , s. 131-145
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Ferrannini, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term prognosis after a first myocardial infarction : eight years follow up of the case-control study PAROKRANK
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 56:1, s. 337-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To explore long-term cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients after a first myocardial infarction (MI) compared with matched controls in a contemporary setting. Methods. During 2010-2014 the Swedish study PAROKRANK recruited 805 patients <75 years with a first MI and 805 age-, gender-, and area-matched controls. All study participants were followed until 31 December 2018, through linkage with the National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. The primary endpoint was the first of a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. Event rates in cases and controls were calculated using a Cox regression model, subsequently adjusted for baseline smoking, education level, and marital status. Kaplan-Meier curves were computed and compared by log-rank test. Results. A total of 804 patients and 800 controls (mean age 62 years; women 19%) were followed for a mean of 6.2 (0.2-8.5) years. The total number of primary events was 211. Patients had a higher event rate than controls (log-rank test p < .0001). Adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the primary outcome was 2.04 (95% CI 1.52-2.73). Mortality did not differ between patients (n = 38; 4.7%) and controls (n = 35; 4.4%). A total of 82.5% patients and 91.3% controls were event-free during the follow up. Conclusions. In this long-term follow up of a contemporary, case-control study, the risk for cardiovascular events was higher in patients with a previous first MI compared with their matched controls, while mortality did not differ. The access to high quality of care and cardiac rehabilitation might partly explain the low rates of adverse outcomes.
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Parodontit – en ofta förbisedd riskfaktor för en rad sjukdomar : Om sambandet med hjärt–kärlsjukdom, cancer och covid-19
- 2024
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontitis - an often neglected risk factor for several other diseasesPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that degrades dental supporting tissues, including the alveolar bone. The global prevalence is 19%, in Sweden it is 11%. Left untreated, periodontitis can cause loss of teeth. The initial clinical manifestations of periodontitis usually start between 35 and 45 years of age. The underlying pathological mechanism is an aberrant inflammatory response to the bacteria colonizing the gingival crevice. Periodontitis has been associated with several other diseases, most prominently diabetes. The relation between periodontitis and diabetes is bidirectional in the sense that diabetes increases the risk for periodontitis and vice versa. Periodontitis also increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and cancer.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Klinge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A rater agreement study on measurements in cross-sectional CBCT images exploring the association between alveolar bone morphology and craniofacial height
- 2021
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Ingår i: Oral Radiology/Springer. - : Springer. - 0911-6028 .- 1613-9674. ; 37, s. 573-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate rater agreement regarding measurements of height and width of the maxilla and mandible using cross-sectional images from CBCT examinations. Furthermore, to explore the association between vertical craniofacial height and alveolar bone morphology.METHODS: Pre-treatment CBCT scans from 450 patients referred for treatment to a private clinic for orthodontics and oral surgery in Scandinavia were available and of these, 180 were selected. Lateral head images were generated from the CBCT volumes to categorise subjects into three groups based on their craniofacial height. Cross-sectional images of the maxillary and mandibular bodies at three locations in the maxilla and mandible, respectively, were obtained and measured at one height and two width recordings by five raters. One-way analysis of variance with a Tukey post hoc test was performed. A significance level of 5% was used.RESULTS: Rater agreement was mostly excellent or good when measuring height and width of the maxilla and mandible in cross-sectional CBCT images. For height (of the alveolar bone/bodies), there were statistically significant differences between the low- and the high-angle groups for all the observers when measuring in the premolar and midline regions, both in the maxilla and in the mandible.CONCLUSION: The high agreement found ensures a reliable measurement technique and confirms the relation between craniofacial height and alveolar bone height and width.
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| 12. |
- Klinge, Anna
(författare)
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Craniofacial Height in Relation to Alveolar Bone Morphology
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a constant development towards a more aesthetically oriented dentistry. New techniques and new materials are introduced to improve and optimise treatment results and shorten treatment time. This development can be favourable for both the dentist and the patient. If missing one or more teeth due to congenital reason or an incident (dental trauma), it is often challenging to already at an early stage choose the best and most optimal treatment for the particular clinical situation and individual. This thesis presents an overview of the basic biological factor of importance for a succesful treatment outcome: the relation between craniofacial height and alveolar bone height and width (morphology). The idea is to not just focus on the area of the missing tooth, but to incorporate other important factors, such as craniofacial height, sex, and age, in a broader context.The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate the relation between craniofacial height and alveolar bone morphology (height and width of the maxilla and mandible) as a support and tool in therapy planning of individuals in need of tooth replacement through orthodontic treatment and/or dental implant treatment.Paper I reports results of an investigation regarding the relation between the craniofacial height and height and width of the maxilla and mandible. The craniofacial height of the patients is divided into three groups: low, normal, and high angle. A radiographic profile image was used to establish the craniofacial height. Two separate lines are traced between anatomical structures on the radiographic 11image. The angle formed between these two lines is used for the classification of craniofacial height (low < 27°, normal 27-37°, high >37°).The alveolar bone is measured in millimeter with a digital caliper on radiographs obtained in three planes. The measurements of the jaws are performed both in the maxilla and in the mandible, between the teeth in the front (midline), between the premolars, and between the molars, on the right and left side respectively. An association between the craniofacial height and the height and width of the alveolar bone (morphology) was found. The greatest differences between the three craniofacial groups were seen in the anterior region, both in the maxilla and in the mandible. This means that an individual from the high-angle group displays a higher alveolar bone which also is more narrow in the anterior region, especially in the mandible. The opposite pattern is displayed in the low-angle group where the subjects present a low and wide alveolar bone.In paper II, the measurement technique for the maxilla and mandible was evaluated. Five raters with different experiences within the field of dentistry repeats the same measurements, independent of each other. The results show strong reliability of the measurement technique.In paper III, new measurements of the alveolar bone were presented, however this time focus was on the anterior part of the maxilla, which is a more aesthetically challenging area. The results from this study strengthen the association previously reported between the craniofacial height and height and width of the maxilla measured on cross-sectional images.Paper IV is a systematic review of the scientific literature, evaluating risk factors for a maxillary anterior tooth to end up in infraposition over time and to not follow the growth pattern of the adjacent teeth. Infraposition occurs when a tooth or dental implant does not continue to erupt and follow the anticipated growth pattern of the individual. This results in a growth cessation of the topical area and a dental implant still remain in the same place as immediately following treatment, whereas the surrounding teeth continue to erupt as the jaw grows. Dental infraposition can be a disadvantage from both an aesthetic and a functional perspective. An individual with a high angle (high craniofacial height), who presents with a thinner and longer alveolar bone, especially in the anterior part of the jaw, seems to be at a greater risk of developing infraposition of a traumatised tooth or a dental implant since growth seems to continue for longer (both as measured in mm and in years) compared to individuals with a low craniofacial height. The different risk factors investigated were age, sex, and craniofacial height. According to the findings in our systematic review, there is a lack of new scientific papers of high quality and the topic needs to be explored further in order for any conclusions to be drawn.In conclusion, the results of the present thesis show that craniofacial height should be considered in therapy planning in order to achieve the best long-term treatment results for the patients. This seems to be especially relevant in young individuals where continued growth is expected.
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| 13. |
- Klinge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Craniofacial height in relation to cross-sectional maxillary and mandibular morphology
- 2017
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Ingår i: Progress in Orthodontics. - : Springer. - 1723-7785 .- 2196-1042. ; 18:32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In order to gain a better understanding of how growth of the alveolar bone is linked to the vertical development of the face, the purpose of this study was to investigate if there is an association between the cross-sectional morphology of the maxillary and mandibular bodies with the craniofacial height, using images from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods From 450 pre-treatment CBCT scans, 180 were selected to be included in the study. Lateral head images were generated from the CBCT scans and were used to categorise subjects into three groups based on their vertical craniofacial height. Cross-sectional images from CBCT volumes were reformatted of the maxillary and mandibular bodies at five locations in the maxilla and five in the mandible. Each image was measured at one height and two width measurements. Statistical analysis performed was the one-way analysis of variance with a Tukey post hoc test. A significance level of 5% was used in all comparisons. Results Patients with large vertical craniofacial height had a significantly higher cross-sectional area both in the maxilla and in the mandible. In the same group, the cross-sectional area was significantly thinner in the mandible compared with the other two groups, especially in the anterior region. Conclusions This study further highlights the close relationship between craniofacial height and alveolar bone dimensions and contributes with important knowledge for planning and follow-up of comprehensive dental- and orthodontic treatments.
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| 14. |
- Klinge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Craniofacial Height in Relation to Cross-Sectional Morphology of the Anterior Maxilla : An Anatomica Considers ion in Implant Therapy
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : QUINTESSENCE. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 35:2, s. 386-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Patients who have a vertical growth pattern are more prone to complete alveolar bone growth later and run a higher risk for inhibition of growth and infraposition after implants have been placed. Moreover, it has been suggested for the same category of patients that craniofacial height may influence the alveolar bone morphology of the anterior maxilla during growth. Hence, it is important to identify such patients early when considering implant treatment in young patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the height and width of the alveolar bone in the anterior maxilla in subjects with different craniofacial heights to assess if there is a relation between craniofacial height and the dimensions of the alveolar bone in the anterior part of the maxilla. Materials and Methods: Measurements on cephalograms and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the maxilla from 180 fully dentate subjects were analyzed and categorized into three angle groups based on the craniofacial height: low-, normal-, and high-angle groups. Measurements of the alveolar bone were taken interradicular, at six reference points distributed between the first premolar regions in the maxilla. The height and width of the alveolar bone were measured with a standardized technique at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mm from the top of the alveolar process. Results: Significant differences were found regarding the height of the alveolar bone in all the subgroups and regarding the width in the 9- and 12-mm subgroups, and between low-/normal- and low-/high-angle groups, where the high-angle group represented the thinnest alveolar bone. A significant difference was found between male and female patients concerning all dimensions of the alveolar bone. Conclusion: There is a relation between craniofacial height and the dimensions of the alveolar bone in the anterior part of the maxilla. Craniofacial height is an important factor to analyze when implant treatment is considered in the maxillary anterior region. This identification can preferably be carried out early in young patients who are still growing when various treatment options can still be considered.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Klinge, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The risk for infraposition of dental implants and ankylosed teeth in the anterior maxilla related to craniofacial growth, a systematic review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 79:1, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The aim of the study was to evaluate a potential association between individuals with different craniofacial types or other exposures, and the risk of infraposition due to continued growth/eruption of adjacent teeth in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods This is a systematic review in which primary studies as well as other systematic reviews are scrutinised. A search of PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of science and Health technology assessment (HTA) organisations and a complementary handsearch was carried out. Selected studies were read in full-text by several reviewers. The quality of the included primary studies was assessed using a protocol for assessment of risk of bias in exposure studies. Results The literature search resulted in 3,296 publications. Title and abstract screening yielded 25, whereof one systematic review, potential publications allocated for full-text inspection. The quality assessment resulted in a total of seven studies with a low/moderate risk of bias and four studies with a high risk of bias. Conclusion In conclusion, a long-term risk for infraposition of dental implants, or ankylosed teeth, among natural teeth can be observed in some cases. The predisposing factors are still not fully understood since the current scientific evidence is very limited.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Norhammar, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Undetected Dysglycemia Is an Important Risk Factor for Two Common Diseases, Myocardial Infarction and Periodontitis : A Report From the PAROKRANK Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : NLM (Medline). - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 42:8, s. 1504-1511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Information on the relationship among dysglycemia (prediabetes or diabetes), myocardial infarction (MI), and periodontitis (PD) is limited. This study tests the hypothesis that undetected dysglycemia is associated with both conditions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The PAROKRANK (Periodontitis and Its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease) study included 805 patients with a first MI and 805 matched control subjects. All participants without diabetes (91%) were examined with an oral glucose tolerance test. Abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) (impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes) was categorized according to the World Health Organization. Periodontal status was categorized from dental X-rays as healthy (≥80% remaining alveolar bone height), moderate (79-66%), or severe (<66%) PD. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated by logistic regression and were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, education, marital status, and explored associated risks of dysglycemia to PD and MI, respectively. RESULTS: AGT was more common in patients than in control subjects (32% vs. 19%; P < 0.001) and was associated with MI (OR 2.03; 95% CI 1.58-2.60). Undetected diabetes was associated with severe PD (2.50; 1.36-4.63) and more strongly in patients (2.35; 1.15-4.80) than in control subjects (1.80; 0.48-6.78), but not when categorized as AGT (total cohort: 1.07; 0.67-1.72). Severe PD was most frequent in subjects with undetected diabetes, and reversely undetected diabetes was most frequent in patients with severe PD. CONCLUSIONS: In this large case-control study previously undetected dysglycemia was independently associated to both MI and severe PD. In principal, it doubled the risk of a first MI and of severe PD. This supports the hypothesis that dysglycemia drives two common diseases, MI and PD.
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| 19. |
- Ryden, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontitis Increases the Risk of a First Myocardial Infarction A Report From the PAROKRANK Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 133:6, s. 576-583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The relationship between periodontitis (PD) and cardiovascular disease is debated. PD is common in patients with cardiovascular disease. It has been postulated that PD could be causally related to the risk for cardiovascular disease, a hypothesis tested in the Periodontitis and Its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease (PAROKRANK) study. Methods and Results Eight hundred five patients (<75 years of age) with a first myocardial infarction (MI) and 805 age- (mean 628), sex- (male 81%), and area-matched controls without MI underwent standardized dental examination including panoramic x-ray. The periodontal status was defined as healthy (80% remaining bone) or as mild-moderate (from 79% to 66%) or severe PD (<66%). Great efforts were made to collect information on possibly related confounders (approximate to 100 variables). Statistical comparisons included the Student pairwise t test and the McNemar test in 2x2 contingency tables. Contingency tables exceeding 2x2 with ranked alternatives were tested by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. PD was more common (43%) in patients than in controls (33%; P<0.001). There was an increased risk for MI among those with PD (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.83), which remained significant (odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.60) after adjusting for variables that differed between patients and controls (smoking habits, diabetes mellitus, years of education, and marital status). Conclusions In this large case-control study of PD, verified by radiographic bone loss and with a careful consideration of potential confounders, the risk of a first MI was significantly increased in patients with PD even after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings strengthen the possibility of an independent relationship between PD and MI.
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| 20. |
- Sanz, Mariano, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical research on peri-implant diseases : consensus report of Working Group 4.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:Suppl 12, s. 202-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Two systematic reviews have evaluated the quality of research and reporting of observational studies investigating the prevalence of, the incidence of and the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and of experimental clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic interventions.MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the improvement of the quality of reporting for both observational and experimental studies, the STROBE and the Modified CONSORT recommendations were encouraged.RESULTS: To improve the quality of research in peri-implant diseases, the following were recommended: the use of unequivocal case definitions; the expression of outcomes at the subject rather than the implant level; the implementation of study validation tools; the reporting of potential sources of bias; and the use of appropriate statistical methods.CONCLUSIONS: In observational studies, case definitions for peri-implantitis were agreed. For risk factor determination, the progressive use of cross-sectional and case-control studies (univariate analyses), to prospective cohorts (multilevel modelling for confounding), and ultimately to intervention studies were recommended. For preventive and interventional studies of peri-implant disease management, parallel arm RCTs of at least 6-months were encouraged. For studies of non-surgical and surgical management of peri-implantitis, the use of a composite therapeutic end point was advocated. The development of standard control therapies was deemed essential.
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| 21. |
- Sanz, Mariano, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical research on peri-implant diseases : consensus report of Working Group 4.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:Suppl 12, s. 202-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Two systematic reviews have evaluated the quality of research and reporting of observational studies investigating the prevalence of, the incidence of and the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and of experimental clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the improvement of the quality of reporting for both observational and experimental studies, the STROBE and the Modified CONSORT recommendations were encouraged. RESULTS: To improve the quality of research in peri-implant diseases, the following were recommended: the use of unequivocal case definitions; the expression of outcomes at the subject rather than the implant level; the implementation of study validation tools; the reporting of potential sources of bias; and the use of appropriate statistical methods. CONCLUSIONS: In observational studies, case definitions for peri-implantitis were agreed. For risk factor determination, the progressive use of cross-sectional and case-control studies (univariate analyses), to prospective cohorts (multilevel modelling for confounding), and ultimately to intervention studies were recommended. For preventive and interventional studies of peri-implant disease management, parallel arm RCTs of at least 6-months were encouraged. For studies of non-surgical and surgical management of peri-implantitis, the use of a composite therapeutic end point was advocated. The development of standard control therapies was deemed essential.
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| 22. |
- Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococcus Species Abundance in the Gut Is Linked to Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in 8973 Participants From the SCAPIS Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 148:6, s. 459-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography-based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50 to 65 years of age) without overt atherosclerotic disease from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). Coronary atherosclerosis was measured using coronary artery calcium score and coronary computed tomography angiography. Gut microbiota species abundance and functional potential were assessed with shotgun metagenomics sequencing of stool, and associations with coronary atherosclerosis were evaluated with multivariable regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Associated species were evaluated for association with inflammatory markers, metabolites, and corresponding species in saliva.Results: The mean age of the study sample was 57.4 years, and 53.7% were female. Coronary artery calcification was detected in 40.3%, and 5.4% had at least 1 stenosis with >50% occlusion. Sixty-four species were associated with coronary artery calcium score independent of cardiovascular risk factors, with the strongest associations observed for Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus oralis subsp oralis (P<1×10-5). Associations were largely similar across coronary computed tomography angiography-based measurements. Out of the 64 species, 19 species, including streptococci and other species commonly found in the oral cavity, were associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein plasma concentrations, and 16 with neutrophil counts. Gut microbial species that are commonly found in the oral cavity were negatively associated with plasma indole propionate and positively associated with plasma secondary bile acids and imidazole propionate. Five species, including 3 streptococci, correlated with the same species in saliva and were associated with worse dental health in the Malmö Offspring Dental Study. Microbial functional potential of dissimilatory nitrate reduction, anaerobic fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid degradation were associated with coronary artery calcium score.Conclusions: This study provides evidence of an association of a gut microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of Streptococcus spp and other species commonly found in the oral cavity with coronary atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation markers. Further longitudinal and experimental studies are warranted to explore the potential implications of a bacterial component in atherogenesis.
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- Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococcus Species Abundance in the Gut Is Linked to Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in 8973 Participants From the SCAPIS Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 148:6, s. 459-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography–based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50 to 65 years of age) without overt atherosclerotic disease from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). Coronary atherosclerosis was measured using coronary artery calcium score and coronary computed tomography angiography. Gut microbiota species abundance and functional potential were assessed with shotgun metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples, and associations with coronary atherosclerosis were evaluated with multivariable regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Associated species were evaluated for association with inflammatory markers, metabolites, and corresponding species in saliva.RESULTS: The mean age of the study sample was 57.4 years, and 53.7% were female. Coronary artery calcification was detected in 40.3%, and 5.4% had at least 1 stenosis with >50% occlusion. Sixty-four species were associated with coronary artery calcium score independent of cardiovascular risk factors, with the strongest associations observed for Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus oralis subsp oralis (P<1×10–5). Associations were largely similar across coronary computed tomography angiography–based measurements. Out of the 64 species, 19 species, including streptococci and other species commonly found in the oral cavity, were associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein plasma concentrations, and 16 with neutrophil counts. Gut microbial species that are commonly found in the oral cavity were negatively associated with plasma indole propionate and positively associated with plasma secondary bile acids and imidazole propionate. Five species, including 3 streptococci, correlated with the same species in saliva and were associated with worse dental health in the Malmö Offspring Dental Study. Microbial functional potential of dissimilatory nitrate reduction, anaerobic fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid degradation were associated with coronary artery calcium score.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of an association of a gut microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of Streptococcus spp and other species commonly found in the oral cavity with coronary atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation markers. Further longitudinal and experimental studies are warranted to explore the potential implications of a bacterial component in atherogenesis.
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