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- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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| 3. |
- Cherkin, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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The Ninth International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain
- 2009
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Ingår i: SPINE. - 0362-2436. ; 34:3, s. 304-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. Review of oral and poster presentations and of workshop summaries from the Ninth International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain held in Majorca, Spain, October 4-6, 2007. Objective. Summarize highlights of the conference. Summary of Background Data. The International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain has become the primary conference for presenting research on the advances in primary care for back pain. Methods. Distillation of the key themes and findings of the research presented at the Forum. Results. Presentations at the forum included intervention studies, psychosocial aspects of low back pain, and epidemiological, clinical, and pathologic studies. Conclusion. The research presented at the forum has contributed to the advancement of understanding of how to improve primary care for low back pain. The Tenth International Forum will occur on June 14-17, 2009, in Boston.
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| 4. |
- Lu, Chun-Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Heart Failure and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease from 15 Countries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of mortality and associated with significant morbidity in adults with congenital heart disease. We sought to assess the association between HF and patient-report outcomes in adults with congenital heart disease.Methods and Results: As part of the APPROACH-IS (Assessment of Patterns of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults with Congenital Heart disease-International Study), we collected data on HF status and patient-reported outcomes in 3959 patients from 15 countries across 5 continents. Patient-report outcomes were: perceived health status (12-item Short Form Health Survey), quality of life (Linear Analogue Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale), sense of coherence-13, psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and illness perception (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire). In this sample, 137 (3.5%) had HF at the time of investigation, 298 (7.5%) had a history of HF, and 3524 (89.0%) had no current or past episode of HF. Patients with current or past HF were older and had a higher prevalence of complex congenital heart disease, arrhythmias, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, other clinical comorbidities, and mood disorders than those who never had HF. Patients with HF had worse physical functioning, mental functioning, quality of life, satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, depressive symptoms, and illness perception scores. Magnitudes of differences were large for physical functioning and illness perception and moderate for mental functioning, quality of life, and depressive symptoms.Conclusions: HF in adults with congenital heart disease is associated with poorer patient-reported outcomes, with large effect sizes for physical functioning and illness perception.
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