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- Molter, A, et al.
(författare)
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A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project
- 2015
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 45:3, s. 610-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six traffic-related air pollution metrics (nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), PM2.5, coarse particulate matter and PM2.5 absorbance) on childhood asthma and wheeze prevalence in five European birth cohorts: MAAS (England, UK), BAMSE (Sweden), PIAMA (the Netherlands), GINI and LISA (both Germany, divided into north and south areas).Land-use regression models were developed for each study area and used to estimate outdoor air pollution exposure at the home address of each child. Information on asthma and current wheeze prevalence at the ages of 4–5 and 8–10 years was collected using validated questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between pollutant exposure and asthma within each cohort. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to combine effect estimates from individual cohorts.The meta-analyses showed no significant association between asthma prevalence and air pollution exposure (e.g. adjusted OR (95%CI) for asthma at age 8–10 years and exposure at the birth address (n=10377): 1.10 (0.81–1.49) per 10 μg·m-3 nitrogen dioxide; 0.88 (0.63–1.24) per 10 μg·m-3 PM10; 1.23 (0.78–1.95) per 5 μg·m-3 PM2.5). This result was consistently found in initial crude models, adjusted models and further sensitivity analyses.This study found no significant association between air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence in five European birth cohorts.
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- Samoli, E, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to ultrafine particles and respiratory hospitalisations in five European cities
- 2016
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 48:3, s. 674-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological evidence on the associations between exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP), with aerodynamic electrical mobility diameters <100 nm, and health is limited. We gathered data on UFP from five European cities within 2001–2011 to investigate associations between short-term changes in concentrations and respiratory hospitalisations.We applied city-specific Poisson regression models and combined city-specific estimates to obtain pooled estimates. We evaluated the sensitivity of our findings to co-pollutant adjustment and investigated effect modification patterns by period of the year, age at admission and specific diagnoses.Our results for the whole time period do not support an association between UFP and respiratory hospitalisations, although we found suggestive associations among those 0–14 years old. We nevertheless report consistent adverse effect estimates during the warm period of the year, statistically significant after lag 2 when an increase by 10 000 particles per cm3 was associated with a 4.27% (95% CI 1.68–6.92%) increase in hospitalisations. These effect estimates were robust to particles' mass or gaseous pollutants adjustment.Considering that our findings during the warm period may reflect better exposure assessment and that the main source of non-soluble UFP in urban areas is traffic, our results call for improved regulation of traffic emissions.
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