| 1. |
- Akkoyun, S., et al.
(författare)
-
AGATA - Advanced GAmma Tracking Array
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 0167-5087 .- 1872-9576. ; 668, s. 26-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) is a European project to develop and operate the next generation γ-ray spectrometer. AGATA is based on the technique of γ-ray energy tracking in electrically segmented high-purity germanium crystals. This technique requires the accurate determination of the energy, time and position of every interaction as a γ ray deposits its energy within the detector volume. Reconstruction of the full interaction path results in a detector with very high efficiency and excellent spectral response. The realisation of γ-ray tracking and AGATA is a result of many technical advances. These include the development of encapsulated highly segmented germanium detectors assembled in a triple cluster detector cryostat, an electronics system with fast digital sampling and a data acquisition system to process the data at a high rate. The full characterisation of the crystals was measured and compared with detector- response simulations. This enabled pulse-shape analysis algorithms, to extract energy, time and position, to be employed. In addition, tracking algorithms for event reconstruction were developed. The first phase of AGATA is now complete and operational in its first physics campaign. In the future AGATA will be moved between laboratories in Europe and operated in a series of campaigns to take advantage of the different beams and facilities available to maximise its science output. The paper reviews all the achievements made in the AGATA project including all the necessary infrastructure to operate and support the spectrometer. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Gusev, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Atlas of prostate cancer heritability in European and African-American men pinpoints tissue-specific regulation
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7, s. 10979-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although genome-wide association studies have identified over 100 risk loci that explain ∼33% of familial risk for prostate cancer (PrCa), their functional effects on risk remain largely unknown. Here we use genotype data from 59,089 men of European and African American ancestries combined with cell-type-specific epigenetic data to build a genomic atlas of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability in PrCa. We find significant differences in heritability between variants in prostate-relevant epigenetic marks defined in normal versus tumour tissue as well as between tissue and cell lines. The majority of SNP heritability lies in regions marked by H3k27 acetylation in prostate adenoc7arcinoma cell line (LNCaP) or by DNaseI hypersensitive sites in cancer cell lines. We find a high degree of similarity between European and African American ancestries suggesting a similar genetic architecture from common variation underlying PrCa risk. Our findings showcase the power of integrating functional annotation with genetic data to understand the genetic basis of PrCa.
|
|
| 4. |
- Warr, N., et al.
(författare)
-
The Miniball spectrometer
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 49:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Miniball germanium detector array has been operational at the REX (Radioactive ion beam EXperiment) post accelerator at the Isotope Separator On-Line facility ISOLDE at CERN since 2001. During the last decade, a series of successful Coulomb excitation and transfer reaction studies have been performed with this array, utilizing the unique and high-quality radioactive ion beams which are available at ISOLDE. In this article, an overview is given of the technical details of the full Miniball setup, including a description of the.-ray and particle detectors, beam monitoring devices and methods to deal with beam contamination. The specific timing properties of the REX-ISOLDE facility are highlighted to indicate the sensitivity that can be achieved with the full Miniball setup. The article is finalized with a summary of some physics highlights at REX-ISOLDE and the utilization of the Miniball germanium detectors at other facilities.
|
|
| 5. |
- Wollersheim, HJ, et al.
(författare)
-
Rare ISotopes INvestigation at GSI (RISING) Using Gamma-ray Spectroscopy at Relativistic Energies
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 537:3, s. 637-657
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rare ISotopes INvestigation at GSI project combines the former EUROBALL Ge-Cluster detectors, the MINIBALL Ge detectors, BaF2--HECTOR detectors, and the fragment separator at GSI for high-resolution in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements with radioactive beams. These secondary beams produced at relativistic energies are used for Coulomb excitation or secondary fragmentation experiments in order to explore the nuclear structure of the projectiles or projectile like nuclei by measuring de-excitation photons. The newly designed detector array is described and the performance characteristics are given. Moreover, particularities of the experimental technique are discussed.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Beral, V, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer - collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58515 women with breast cancer and 95067 women without the disease
- 2002
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 87, s. 1234-45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol and tobacco consumption are closely correlated and published results on their association with breast cancer have not always allowed adequately for confounding between these exposures. Over 80% of the relevant information worldwide on alcohol and tobacco consumption and breast cancer were collated, checked and analysed centrally. Analyses included 58515 women with invasive breast cancer and 95067 controls from 53 studies. Relative risks of breast cancer were estimated, after stratifying by study, age, parity and, where appropriate, women's age when their first child was born and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. The average consumption of alcohol reported by controls from developed countries was 6.0 g per day, i.e. about half a unit/drink of alcohol per day, and was greater in ever-smokers than never-smokers, (8.4 g per day and 5.0 g per day, respectively). Compared with women who reported drinking no alcohol, the relative risk of breast cancer was 1.32 (1.19 - 1.45, P < 0.00001) for an intake of 35 - 44 g per day alcohol, and 1.46 (1.33 - 1.61, P < 0.00001) for greater than or equal to 45 g per day alcohol. The relative risk of breast cancer increased by 7.1% (95% CI 5.5-8.7%; P<0.00001) for each additional 10 g per day intake of alcohol, i.e. for each extra unit or drink of alcohol consumed on a daily basis. This increase was the same in ever-smokers and never-smokers (7.1 % per 10 g per day, P < 0.00001, in each group). By contrast, the relationship between smoking and breast cancer was substantially confounded by the effect of alcohol. When analyses were restricted to 22 255 women with breast cancer and 40 832 controls who reported drinking no alcohol, smoking was not associated with breast cancer (compared to never-smokers, relative risk for ever-smokers= 1.03, 95% CI 0.98 - 1.07, and for current smokers=0.99, 0.92 - 1.05). The results for alcohol and for tobacco did not vary substantially across studies, study designs, or according to 15 personal characteristics of the women; nor were the findings materially confounded by any of these factors. If the observed relationship for alcohol is causal, these results suggest that about 4% of the breast cancers in developed countries are attributable to alcohol. In developing countries, where alcohol consumption among controls averaged only 0.4 g per day, alcohol would have a negligible effect on the incidence of breast cancer. In conclusion, smoking has little or no independent effect on the risk of developing breast cancer; the effect of alcohol on breast cancer needs to be interpreted in the context of its beneficial effects, in moderation, on cardiovascular disease and its harmful effects on cirrhosis and cancers of the mouth, larynx, oesophagus and liver. (C) 2002 Cancer Research UK.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kröll, Th, et al.
(författare)
-
Quadrupole Collectivity of neutron-rich nuclei around 132Sn
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions, FINUSTAR 2007. - : AIP. - 9780735405325 ; 1012, s. 296-299
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the "safe" Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Cd, Xe, and Ba isotopes in the vicinity of the doubly-magic nucleus 132Sn. The radioactive nuclei have been produced by ISOLDE at CERN and postaccelerated by the REX-ISOLDE facility. The γ-decay of excited states has been detected by the MINIBALL array. The presented preliminary results for the B(E2) values are consistent with expectations from phenomenological systematics and will be compared with theoretical calculations.
|
|
| 9. |
- Podolyák, Zs, et al.
(författare)
-
Neutron-deficient N≈126 Nuclei Produced in 238U Fragmentation : Population of High-spin States
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions - FINUSTAR. - : AIP. - 0735403236 - 9780735403239 ; 831, s. 114-118
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a 238U beam has been measured. For states with high angular momentum, I=17 and I=21.5, a higher population than expected has been observed, with the discrepancy increasing with angular momentum. By considering two sources for the angular momentum, related to single-particle and collective motions, a much improved description of the experimental results can be obtained. In addition, new results on the structure of 208Fr, 211Ra and 216Ac are reported.
|
|
| 10. |
- Jungclaus, A., et al.
(författare)
-
New lifetime measurements in the stable semimagic Sn isotopes using the Doppler-shift attenuation technique
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 312:SECTION 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precise measurements of lifetimes in the picosecond range of excited states in the stable even-A Sn isotopes 112,114,116,122Sn have been performed using the Doppler shift attenuation technique. For the first excited 2+ states in 112Sn, 114Sn and 116Sn the E2 transition strengths deduced from the measured lifetimes are in disagreement with the previously adopted values. They indicate a shallow minimum at N = 66 in contrast to the maximum at mid-shell predicted by modern shell model calculations.
|
|
| 11. |
- Stahl, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Population of the 2(ms)(+) mixed-symmetry state of Ba-140 with the alpha-transfer reaction
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Identification of proton-neutron mixed-symmetric one-quadrupole phonon excitations (the 2(ms)(+) states) of atomic nuclei provides information on the isovector part of the residual nucleon-nucleon interaction. It was predicted that the 2(ms)(+) state of particular nuclei close to the U(5) limit of the interacting boson model, in particular Ba-140, should be considerably populated by alpha-transfer reactions [C. E. Alonso et al., Phys. Rev. C 78, 017301 (2008)]. Purpose: We aim at the identification of the 2(ms)(+) mixed-symmetry state (MSS) of radioactive Ba-140 and investigate its population by the alpha-transfer reaction as a suitable tool to selectively populate MSSs and as a potential new signature for its mixed-symmetric character. Method: A gamma-ray spectroscopy experiment was performed in inverse kinematics in order to populate the 2(ms)(+) state of Ba-140 by alpha-transfer from a C-nat target on Xe-136 beam ions. The population of the candidate for the 2(ms)(+) state of Ba-140 was measured relative to the population of the 2(1)(+) state. Results: The candidate for the 2(ms)(+) state of Ba-140 was populated by a transfer three times weaker than predicted. Another 2(+) state that can be ruled out as the MSS was in turn as strongly populated by the a transfer as predicted for the MSS. Conclusions: The relative population of 2(+) states by alpha-transfer cannot serve as a new signature for MSSs, since other 2(+) states are also strongly populated. Nevertheless, the substantial population of the MSS candidate of Ba-140 by alpha transfer qualifies this type of reaction as suitable tool to excite MSSs and study their electromagnetic decay properties.
|
|
| 12. |
- Jungclaus, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence for reduced collectivity around the neutron mid-shell in the stable even-mass Sn isotopes from new lifetime measurements
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 695:1-4, s. 110-114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precise measurements of the lifetimes of the first excited 2(+) states in the stable even-A Sn isotopes Sn112-124 have been performed using the Doppler shift attenuation technique. For the isotopes Sn-112, Sn-114 and Sn-116 the E2 transition strengths deduced from the measured lifetimes are in disagreement with the previously reported values and indicate a shallow minimum at N = 66. The observed deviation from a maximum at mid-shell is attributed to the obstructive effect of the S-1/2 neutron orbital in generating collectivity when near the Fermi level. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 13. |
- Bauer, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Prolate shape of Ba-140 from a first combined Doppler-shift and Coulomb-excitation measurement at the REX-ISOLDE facility
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 86:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Quadrupole moments of excited nuclear states are important observables for geometrically interpreting nuclear structure in terms of deformed shapes, although data are scarce and sometimes ambiguous, in particular, in neutron-rich nuclides. Purpose: A measurement was performed for determining the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the 2(1)(+) state of Ba-140 in order to clarify the character of quadrupole deformation (prolate or oblate) of the state in its yrast sequence of levels. Method: We have utilized a new combined technique of lifetime measurement at REX-ISOLDE and MINIBALL using the Doppler-shift attenuation method (DSAM) and a reorientation analysis of Coulomb-excitation yields. Results: On the basis of the new lifetime of tau(2(1)(+)) = 10.4(-0.8)(+2.2) ps the electric quadrupole moment was determined to be Q(2(1)(+)) = -0.52(34) eb, indicating a predominant prolate deformation. Conclusions: This finding is in agreement with beyond-mean-field calculations using the Gogny D1S force and with results from the Monte Carlo shell-model approach.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Walker, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Magnetic moments of the first excited 2(+) states in the semi-magic Sn-112,Sn-114,Sn-116,Sn-122,Sn-124 isotopes
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 84:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The g factors of the first excited 2(+) states in the Sn-112,Sn-114,Sn-116,Sn-122,Sn-124 isotopes have been measured with high accuracy using the transient field technique in combination with Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The experimental results are discussed in a qualitative way on the basis of empirical single-particle g factors of the relevant proton and neutron orbitals and are compared to a number of different theoretical calculations. The results are found to be best described by shell-model calculations in an extended configuration space. Clear evidence for the contribution of neutron pair excitations from the 1d(3/2) to the 0h(11/2) orbital to the wave function of the 2(1)(+) state in Sn-122,Sn-124 has been obtained.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Podolyak, Z, et al.
(författare)
-
High Angular Momentum States Populated in Fragmentation Reactions
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 632:2-3, s. 203-206
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a U-238 beam has been measured. For states with angular momentum greater than or similar to 20h, a much higher population than expected has been observed. By introducing a collective component to the generation of angular momentum the experimental data can be understood. This is the first time that a collective degree of freedom has be shown to play a major role in such high-energy collisions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 19. |
- Kroell, Th., et al.
(författare)
-
Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich (138,140,142) Xe at REX-ISOLDE
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The European Physical Journal. Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 150, s. 127-129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on "safe" Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich (138,140,142) Xe nuclei. The radioactive nuclei have been produced by ISOLDE at CERN and post-accelerated by the REX-ISOLDE facility. The gamma-rays emitted by the decay of excited states have been detected by the MINIBALL array. Recent results are presented.
|
|
| 20. |
- Pirkis, Jane, et al.
(författare)
-
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends : An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries
- 2022
-
Ingår i: eClinicalMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2589-5370. ; 51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age-and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries' COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries' income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Copyright (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
|
|
| 21. |
- Alikhani, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Compton polarimetry with a 36-fold segmented HPGe-detector of the AGATA-type
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 675, s. 144-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calibration of a highly-segmented AGATA-type HPGe-detector as a gamma-ray Compton polarimeter and a method for (quasi-)continuous angle Compton polarimetry are presented. The high granularity, combined with the large detection efficiency of the AGATA-type HPGe-crystals, offers a significant advantage for polarization measurements of gamma-radiation. A polarization-directional correlation experiment with gamma-rays from a Co-60 source with an activity of about 680 kBq was used to determine the polarization sensitivity of a single AGATA-type HPGe-crystal at 1173 and 1332 key and to demonstrate the method. The polarization measurement was based on segment information. In our set-up a polarization sensitivity of 19% at 1332 keV has been achieved.
|
|
| 22. |
- Broman, Aimee Teo, et al.
(författare)
-
Estimating the rate of progressive visual field damage in those with open-angle glaucoma, from cross-sectional data
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 1552-5783. ; 49:1, s. 66-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE. To estimate the rate of visual field progression in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) subjects, by using data from population-based cross-sectional studies. METHODS. Subjects with OAG were identified in nine surveys of randomly sampled populations using standard criteria for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Subjects were of European, African, Chinese, and Hispanic ethnicity. The measure of OAG damage was the mean deviation (MD) of an automated visual field test (Humphrey Field Analyzer; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA). The rate of progression was the mean of all subjects' damage in the worse eye divided by an average time since onset. Time since onset was estimated from age-specific prevalence rates. RESULTS. A total of 1066 subjects with OAG contributed visual field data. The mean worsening in decibels per year was: European-derived, -1.12; Hispanic, -1.26; African-derived, -1.33; and Chinese -1.56 (difference among ethnicities, P = 0.16). The mean duration of disease was lowest among Chinese persons at 10.5 years (95% CI: 8.8-12.6) and was highest in African-derived subjects at 15.4 years (95% CI: 14.6-15.9). The progression rate was not consistently related to age or gender. By combining disease duration and progression rate, the model predicted that 15% or fewer of the worse eyes would reach the end of the field damage scale in the patient's lifetime. CONCLUSIONS. The estimates of typical worsening per year in the worse eye among subjects with OAG suggested slightly more rapid progression than in some clinic-based studies. The rate did not differ significantly by ethnicity or gender, but was worse in those with known, treated OAG and in pseudophakic subjects.
|
|
