| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Liu, Yi, et al.
(författare)
-
Porous, robust, thermally stable, and flame retardant nanocellulose/polyimide separators for safe lithium-ion batteries
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 11:43, s. 23360-23369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is paramount for all users. One effective way to improve safety is incorporating heat-resistant polyimide (PI) separators, which can increase the thermal stability of batteries and minimize the risk of thermal runaway. However, preparing PI separators with both an ideal pore structure and adequate mechanical properties remains as a challenge. Here, we introduced decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) into PI and produced a hybrid separator with an outstanding pore structure and excellent mechanical properties. Aided with DBDPE, the separators attain a well-defined and uniform pore size (20 nm), while demonstrating high porosities (78%) through phase inversion processes. Owing to the addition of CNFs, the mechanical properties of the separators were significantly improved, with a tensile strength of 25.4 MPa and an elastic modulus of 550.1 MPa. Moreover, the separators demonstrate high ion conductivity (0.45 mS cm-1), excellent thermal-dimensional stability (up to 200 degrees C), remarkable flame retardancy, and outstanding electrolyte wettability. At room temperature, the batteries with the separators demonstrate comparable performance with those of polypropylene (PP) separators. However, when subjected to thermal shock treatments, the batteries with the separators outperform those with PP, showcasing their superior performance. The work introduces a novel strategy for designing high-performance separators, thereby paving the way for advancements in the fabrication of LIBs with enhanced safety features. A porous, robust, and thermally stable hybrid separator was developed to solve the dilemma between desired pore structures and mechanical properties in polyimide separators by introducing decabromodiphenyl ethane and cellulose nanofibers.
|
|
| 3. |
- Zhuang, Ting, et al.
(författare)
-
SHARPIN stabilizes estrogen receptor a and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 8:44, s. 77137-77151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estrogen receptor a is expressed in the majority of breast cancers and promotes estrogen-dependent cancer progression. In our study, we identified the novel E3 ubiquitin ligase SHARPIN function to facilitate ERα signaling. SHARPIN is highly expressed in human breast cancer and correlates with ERα protein level by immunohistochemistry. SHARPIN expression level correlates with poor prognosis in ERα positive breast cancer patients. SHARPIN depletion based RNA-sequence data shows that ERα signaling is a potential SHARPIN target. SHARPIN depletion significantly decreases ERα protein level, ERα target genes expression and estrogen response element activity in breast cancer cells, while SHARPIN overexpression could reverse these effects. SHARPIN depletion significantly decreases estrogen stimulated cell proliferation in breast cancer cells, which effect could be further rescued by ERα overexpression. Further mechanistic study reveals that SHARPIN mainly localizes in the cytosol and interacts with ERα both in the cytosol and the nuclear. SHARPIN regulates ERα signaling through protein stability, not through gene expression. SHARPIN stabilizes ERα protein via prohibiting ERα protein poly-ubiquitination. Further study shows that SHARPIN could facilitate the mono-ubiquitinaiton of ERα at K302/303 sites and facilitate ERE luciferase activity. Together, our findings propose a novel ERα modulation mechanism in supporting breast cancer cell growth, in which SHARPIN could be one suitable target for development of novel therapy for ERα positive breast cancer.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bai, Yang, et al.
(författare)
-
Geometry design of tethered small-molecule acceptor enables highly stable and efficient polymer solar cells
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the power conversion efficiency of binary polymer solar cells dramatically improved, the thermal stability of the small-molecule acceptors raised the main concerns on the device operating stability. Here, to address this issue, thiophene-dicarboxylate spacer tethered small-molecule acceptors are designed, and their molecular geometries are further regulated via the thiophene-core isomerism engineering, affording dimeric TDY-alpha with a 2, 5-substitution and TDY-beta with 3, 4-substitution on the core. It shows that TDY-alpha processes a higher glass transition temperature, better crystallinity relative to its individual small-molecule acceptor segment and isomeric counterpart of TDY-beta, and amore stablemorphology with the polymer donor. As a result, the TDY-alpha based device delivers a higher device efficiency of 18.1%, and most important, achieves an extrapolated lifetime of about 35000 hours that retaining 80% of their initial efficiency. Our result suggests that with proper geometry design, the tethered small-molecule acceptors can achieve both high device efficiency and operating stability.
|
|
| 5. |
- Li, Xiaojie, et al.
(författare)
-
Ab initio calculations of mechanical properties of bcc W-Re-Os random alloys : effects of transmutation of W
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 28:29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine the effect of neutron transmutation on tungsten as the first wall material of fusion reactors, the elastic properties of W1-x-yRexOsy (0 <= x, y <= 6%) random alloys in body centered cubic (bcc) structure are investigated systematically using the all-electron exact muffin-tin orbitals (EMTO) method in combination with the coherent-potential approximation (CPA). The calculated lattice constant and elastic properties of pure W are consistent with available experiments. Both Os and Re additions reduce the lattice constant and increase the bulk modulus of W, with Os having the stronger effect. The polycrystalline shear modulus, Young's modulus and the Debye temperature increase (decrease) with the addition of Re (Os). Except for C-11, the other elastic parameters including C-12, C-44, Cauchy pressure, Poisson ratio, B/G, increase as a function of Re and Os concentration. The variations of the latter three parameters and the trend in the ratio of cleavage energy to shear modulus for the most dominant slip system indicate that the ductility of the alloy enhances with increasing Re and Os content. The calculated elastic anisotropy of bcc W slightly increases with the concentration of both alloying elements. The estimated melting temperatures of the W-Re-Os alloy suggest that Re or Os addition will reduce the melting temperature of pure W solid. The classical Labusch-Nabarro model for solid-solution hardening predicts larger strengthening effects in W1-yOsy than in W1-xRex. A strong correlation between C' and the fcc-bcc structural energy difference for W1-x-yRexOsy is revealed demonstrating that canonical band structure dictates the alloying effect on C'. The structural energy difference is exploited to estimate the alloying effect on the ideal tensile strength in the [0 0 1] direction.
|
|
| 6. |
- Li, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
-
Inkjet Printed Disposable High-Rate On-Paper Microsupercapacitors
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 32:1, s. 2108773-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On-paper microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are a key energy storage component for disposable electronics that are anticipated to essentially address the increasing global concern of electronic waste. However, nearly none of the present on-paper MSCs combine eco-friendliness with high electrochemical performance (especially the rate capacity). In this work, highly reliable conductive inks based on the ternary composite of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), graphene quantum dots and graphene are developed for scalable inkjet printing of compact (footprint area ≈ 20 mm2) disposable MSCs on commercial paper substrates. Without any post treatment, the printed patterns attain a sheet resistance as low as 4 Ω ▫−1. The metal-free all-solid-state MSCs exhibit a maximum areal capacitance > 2 mF cm−2 at a high scan rate of 1000 mV s−1, long cycle life (>95% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles), excellent flexibility, and long service time. Remarkably, the “totally metal-free” MSC arrays are fully inkjet printed on paper substrates and also exhibit high rate performance. The life cycle assessment indicates that these printed devices have much lower eco-toxicity and global warming potential than other on-paper MSCs.
|
|
| 7. |
- Tang, Sui, et al.
(författare)
-
Association of plant-based diet index with sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults : The Healthy Dance Study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Sleep Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7218 .- 2352-7226. ; 9:5, s. 698-703
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the association between plant-based diet indices and sleep quality in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.Methods: The study included 2424 participants aged 45 years and older. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale. Plant-based diet was categorized based on 3 indices (score range, 17-85) covering 17 food groups: the overall plant-based diet index, healthful plant-based diet index, and unhealthful plant-based diet index. The associations between these plant-based diet indices and sleep quality were examined using logistic and linear regression analyses.Results: After controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and multiple disease-related factors, participants in the highest quartile of the healthful plant-based diet index had 0.55 higher odds of better sleep quality (95% CI: 0.42, 0.72; P-trend < .001). In contrast, participants in the highest quartile of the unhealthful plant-based diet index had 2.03 higher odds of poor sleep quality (95% CI: 1.51, 2.72; P-trend < .001). In addition, plant-based diet index and healthful plant-based diet index were inversely associated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, while unhealthful plant-based diet index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were positively associated.Conclusions: We found unhealthy plant-based diets are significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Adherence to overall plant-based diets, especially healthy plant-based diets, was positively associated with optimal sleep quality.(c) 2023 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Chen, Yangyang, et al.
(författare)
-
Wood-derived scaffolds decorating with nickel cobalt phosphate nanosheets and carbon nanotubes used as monolithic electrodes for assembling high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 454
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lightweight carbonized wood (CW) loaded with pseudocapacitive materials has demonstrated excellent energy density. However, the direct loading of active materials usually results in poor rate performance and cycling stability. Herein, we fabricated a CW electrode with high loading of active materials and conductivity through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and electrodeposition to sequentially incorporate carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nickel-cobalt phosphate (NiCo-P) nanosheets. This integrated NiCo-P/CNT/CW electrode exhibited a promising areal capacitance of 11.2F cm-2 at a current density of 10 mA cm-2, and a notable capacitance retention rate of 86.6 % at 60 mA cm-2. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device assembled with the prepared electrode as anode and the self-activated carbonized wood (SCW) electrode as cathode delivers outstanding energy density of 5.74 mWh cm-3 (12.1 Wh kg -1) at power density of 18.75 mW cm-3 (39.5 W kg -1) while maintaining a high capacitance retention of 92.4 % after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. This work provides an advanced approach for constructing supercapacitors with remarkable energy density and rate performance from the natural wood derived electrodes.
|
|
| 9. |
- Cheng, Ming, et al.
(författare)
-
A Perylenediimide Tetramer-Based 3D Electron Transport Material for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cell
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2367-198X. ; 1:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A perylenediimide (PDI) tetramer-based three dimensional (3D) molecular material, termed SFX-PDI4, has been designed, synthesized, and characterized. The low-lying HOMO and LUMO energy levels, high electron mobility and good film-formation property make it a promising electron transport material (ETM) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The device exhibits a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.3% with negligible hysteresis, which can rival that of device based on PC61BM. These results demonstrate that three dimensional PDI-based molecular materials could serve as high performance ETMs in PSCs.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ding, Jiangwei, et al.
(författare)
-
All Roads Lead to Rome? : Genes Causing Dravet Syndrome and Dravet Syndrome-Like Phenotypes
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2295. ; 13
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy mainly caused by haploinsufficiency of the gene SCN1A, which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 1 in the brain. While SCN1A mutations are known to be the primary cause of DS, other genes that may cause DS are poorly understood. Several genes with pathogenic mutations result in DS or DS-like phenotypes, which may require different drug treatment approaches. Therefore, it is urgent for clinicians, especially epilepsy specialists to fully understand these genes involved in DS in addition to SCN1A. Particularly for healthcare providers, a deep understanding of these pathogenic genes is useful in properly selecting and adjusting drugs in a more effective and timely manner.Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify genes other than SCN1A that may also cause DS or DS-like phenotypes. Methods: A comprehensive search of relevant Dravet syndrome and severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy was performed in PubMed, until December 1, 2021. Two independent authors performed the screening for potentially eligible studies. Disagreements were decided by a third, more professional researcher or by all three. The results reported by each study were narratively summarized.Results: A PubMed search yielded 5,064 items, and other sources search 12 records. A total of 29 studies published between 2009 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the included articles, seven studies on PCDH19, three on SCN2A, two on SCN8A, five on SCN1B, two on GABRA1, three on GABRB3, three on GABRG2, and three on STXBP1 were included. Only one study was recorded for CHD2, CPLX1, HCN1 and KCNA2, respectively. It is worth noting that a few articles reported on more than one epilepsy gene.Conclusion: DS is not only identified in variants of SCN1A, but other genes such as PCDH19, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN1B, GABRA1, GABRB3, GABRG2, KCNA2, CHD2, CPLX1, HCN1A, STXBP1 can also be involved in DS or DS-like phenotypes. As genetic testing becomes more widely available, more genes associated with DS and DS-like phenotypes may be identified and gene-based diagnosis of subtypes of phenotypes in this spectrum may improve the management of these diseases in the future.
|
|
| 11. |
- Eichhorn, S. J., et al.
(författare)
-
Current international research into cellulose as a functional nanomaterial for advanced applications
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Nature. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 57:10, s. 5697-5767
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review paper provides a recent overview of current international research that is being conducted into the functional properties of cellulose as a nanomaterial. A particular emphasis is placed on fundamental and applied research that is being undertaken to generate applications, which are now becoming a real prospect given the developments in the field over the last 20 years. A short introduction covers the context of the work, and definitions of the different forms of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) that are most widely studied. We also address the terminology used for CNMs, suggesting a standard way to classify these materials. The reviews are separated out into theme areas, namely healthcare, water purification, biocomposites, and energy. Each section contains a short review of the field within the theme and summarizes recent work being undertaken by the groups represented. Topics that are covered include cellulose nanocrystals for directed growth of tissues, bacterial cellulose in healthcare, nanocellulose for drug delivery, nanocellulose for water purification, nanocellulose for thermoplastic composites, nanocellulose for structurally colored materials, transparent wood biocomposites, supercapacitors and batteries.
|
|
| 12. |
- Guo, Xugeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Recent research progress for upconversion assisted dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Chinese Chemical Letters. - : Elsevier. - 1001-8417 .- 1878-5964. ; 32:6, s. 1834-1846
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Upconversion (UC) technology makes it possible to harvest infrared (IR) light from the sun and has increasingly been employed in recent years to improve the efficiency of solar cells. The progress in the area concerns both research on fundamental principles and processes of UC and technologies of device fabrication. Significant increase of important solar cell parameters, like short-circuit photocurrent density and open-circuit photovoltage as well as the total photon-to-current efficiency, has been accomplished. We here review the research published during the last few years in the area, in particular we consider the two most cherished techniques, namely the incorporation of upconverting nanophosphors directly into the photoanodes of the solar cells and the introduction of plasmonic metal nanoparticles co-existing with the UC particles. Other ways to achieve strong field enhancement, and the use of the non-linear nature of UC, is to apply microlenses, with or without assisting plasmonic excitation. Further enhanced UC action has been demonstrated by broad band and effective harvesting by organic IR antennas, with subsequent mediation by an intermediate nanoshell of the energy into the upconverting core. Codoping, nanohybrid and layer-by-layer technologies involving upconverting particles as well as the use of upconverting nanoparticles in hole-transport and electrolyte layers, tested in recent works, are also reviewed. While most of these technologies employ upconverting rare earth metals for sequential photon absorption, the main alternative technique, namely triplet-triplet annihilation UC using organic materials, is also reviewed. It is our belief that all these approaches will be further much researched in the near future, with potentially great impact on solar cell technology.
|
|
| 13. |
- Hu, Xiangzhao, et al.
(författare)
-
Boosting Industrial-Level CO2 Electroreduction of N-Doped Carbon Nanofibers with Confined Tin-Nitrogen Active Sites via Accelerating Proton Transport Kinetics
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of highly efficient robust electrocatalysts with low overpotential and industrial-level current density is of great significance for CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER), however the low proton transport rate during the CO2ER remains a challenge. Herein, a porous N-doped carbon nanofiber confined with tin-nitrogen sites (Sn/NCNFs) catalyst is developed, which is prepared through an integrated electrospinning and pyrolysis strategy. The optimized Sn/NCNFs catalyst exhibits an outstanding CO2ER activity with the maximum CO FE of 96.5%, low onset potential of −0.3 V, and small Tafel slope of 68.8 mV dec−1. In a flow cell, an industrial-level CO partial current density of 100.6 mA cm−2 is achieved. In situ spectroscopic analysis unveil the isolated Sn-N site acted as active center for accelerating water dissociation and subsequent proton transport process, thus promoting the formation of intermediate *COOH in the rate-determining step for CO2ER. Theoretical calculations validate pyrrolic N atom adjacent to the Sn-N active species assisted reducing the energy barrier for *COOH formation, thus boosting the CO2ER kinetics. A Zn-CO2 battery is designed with the cathode of Sn/NCNFs, which delivers a maximum power density of 1.38 mW cm−2 and long-term stability.
|
|
| 14. |
- Li, Dianxiang, et al.
(författare)
-
Expression of the Shrimp wap gene in Drosophila elicits defense responses and protease inhibitory activity
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wap gene encodes a single whey acidic protein (WAP) domain-containing peptide from Chinese white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), which shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and proteinase inhibitory activities in vitro. To explore the medical applications of the WAP peptide, a wap gene transgenic Drosophila melanogaster was constructed. In wap-expressing flies, high expression levels of wap gene (> 100 times) were achieved, in contrast to those of control flies, by qRT-PCR analysis. The wap gene expression was associated with increased resistance to microbial infection and decreased bacterial numbers in the flies. In addition, the WAP protein extract from wap-expressing flies, compared with control protein extract from control flies, showed improved antimicrobial activities against broad Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including the clinical drug resistant bacterium of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), improved protease inhibitor activities against crude proteinases and commercial proteinases, including elastase, subtilis proteinase A, and proteinase K in vitro, and improved growth rate and microbial resistance, as well as wound-healing in loach and mouse models. These results suggest that wap-expressing flies could be used as a food additive in aquaculture to prevent infections and a potential antibacterial for fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Li, Jian, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimal schemes and benefits of recovering waste heat from data center for district heating by CO2 transcritical heat pumps
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0196-8904 .- 1879-2227. ; 245
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recovering waste heat from data center (DC) for district heating by CO2 transcritical heat pumps can effectively improve the performance of DC and reduce CO2 emission of district heating. However, the optimal design schemes, financial and environmental benefits, and market competitiveness of waste heat heating system are still unclear for different application scenarios. To realize the optimal system design and evaluate the benefits at different application scenarios, this work analyzed and compared the comprehensive performance of four system design schemes, considering two waste heat recovery locations and two cycle types. The maximum coefficient of performance (COP) was set as the optimization goal. Influences of electricity and heat prices on the optimal scheme and thermo-economic performance of waste heat heating system were analyzed. The direct electric-heating, coal-heating, gas-heating, air source heat pump, and ground source heat pump were selected as the comparative heating methods to evaluate the market competitiveness of waste heat heating system. Results show that using waste heat of cooling water from IT room achieves a better thermo-economic performance than that from chillers, which increases maximum COP by 18.2%-28.9% and reduces system investment cost by 4.2%-10.2%. The COP of IHE cycle (e.g., add an internal heat exchanger in the simple cycle) is larger, whereas the simple cycle has a lower investment cost. The cycle type with the shortest dynamic payback period depends on actual electricity and heat prices. The financial and environmental benefits of waste heat heating system are very attractive since it can reduce energy cost by 23.0%-75.0% compared with common heating methods and reduce CO2 emission by 12,880 tons annually compared with gas-heating. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of DC will be improved by waste heat reuse, and the annual energy reuse effectiveness (ERE) can decrease from 1.296 to 0.902 at the annual heating time of 121 days.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Li, Ruihuan, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Cr and W additions on the stability and migration of He in bcc Fe : A first-principles study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Computational materials science. - : Elsevier. - 0927-0256 .- 1879-0801. ; 123, s. 85-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Density functional theory calculations have been performed to study the effects of alloying Cr and W on the stability and diffusivity of interstitial He impurity in body-centered cubic (bcc) Fe host lattice. The interaction between two close Cr/W atoms is repulsive. The relative stable position for an interstitial He remains the tetrahedral interstitial site in the presence Cr. Energetically, He prefers to locate far away from W inside Fe host lattice due to the strong repulsive interaction between He and W. On the other hand, the He migration barrier becomes lower in the presence of Cr (0.026 eV) and W(0.049 eV), as compared to 0.059 eV for pure Fe. Addition of Cr is benefit for He self-trapping, while W is against. The effective diffusivity of He decreases with increasing Cr and W concentrations. Moreover, the additions of Cr and W slightly hinder He being trapped by monovacancy.
|
|
| 19. |
- Liu, Peng, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel and Stable D-A-π-A Dyes for Efficient Solid-state Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ACS Omega. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2470-1343. ; 2:5, s. 1812-1819
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two novel organic donor–acceptor−π–acceptor sensitizers, W7 and W8, have been applied in efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs). Using 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine) 9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) as hole-transport material (HTM), an excellent power conversion efficiency of 6.9% was recorded for W7, together with an excellent photocurrent of 10.51 mA cm–2 and a high open-circuit voltage of 880 mV under standard AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW cm–2). The solid-state solar cells based on W8 showed an efficiency of 5.2%, with a good photocurrent of 9.55 mA cm–2 and an open-circuit voltage of 870 mV. Compared to that of the well-known WS2 sensitizer, the results show that the performance of the ssDSSC devices can be significantly improved by introducing triphenylamine moiety into their structure. In addition, results of photoinduced absorption spectroscopy show efficient dye regeneration for W7- and W8-based devices. A higher hole conductivity of the W7/HTM and W8/HTM layers compared to that of the WS2/HTM layer was observed, indicating an efficient charge transfer at the interfaces. The results obtained offer insights into the design of reliable and highly efficient ssDSSCs for large-scale applications.
|
|
| 20. |
- Pan, Xiong-Fei, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating fatty acids and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus : prospective analyses in China
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 185:1, s. 87-97
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We aimed to examine prospective associations between circulating fatty acids in early pregnancy and incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Chinese pregnant women.Methods: Analyses were based on two prospective nested case-control studies conducted in western China (336 GDM cases and 672 matched controls) and central China (305 cases and 305 matched controls). Fasting plasma fatty acids in early pregnancy (gestational age at enrollment: 10.4 weeks(s.d., 2.0)) and 13.2 weeks (1.0), respectively) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and GDM was diagnosed based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups criteria during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Multiple metabolic biomarkers (HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance), HbA1c, c-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, and blood lipids) were additionally measured among 672 non-GDM controls at enrollment.Results: Higher levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) 14:0 (pooled odds ratio, 1.41 for each 1-s.d. increase; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.59) and 16:0 (1.19; 1.05, 1.35) were associated with higher odds of GDM. Higher levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 18:2n-6 were strongly associated with lower odds of GDM (0.69; 0.60, 0.80). In non-GDM pregnant women, higher SFAs 14:0 and 16:0 but lower n-6 PUFA 18:2n-6 were generally correlated with unfavorable metabolic profiles.Conclusions: We documented adverse associations of 14:0 and 16:0 but a protective association of 18:2n-6 with GDM among Chinese pregnant women. Our findings highlight the distinct roles of specific fatty acids in the onset of GDM.
|
|
| 21. |
- Samanta, Pratick, et al.
(författare)
-
Coloration and Fire Retardancy of Transparent Wood Composites by Metal Ions
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 15:50, s. 58850-58860
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transparent wood composites (TWs) offer the possibility of unique coloration effects. A colored transparent wood composite (C-TW) with enhanced fire retardancy was impregnated by metal ion solutions, followed by methyl methacrylate (MMA) impregnation and polymerization. Bleached birch wood with a preserved hierarchical structure acted as a host for metal ions. Cobalt, nickel, copper, and iron metal salts were used. The location and distribution of metal ions in C-TW as well as the mechanical performance, optical properties, and fire retardancy were investigated. The C-TW coloration is tunable by controlling the metal ion species and concentration. The metal ions reduced heat release rates and limited the production of smoke during forced combustion tests. The potential for scaled-up production was verified by fabricating samples with a dimension of 180 x 100 x 1 (l x b x h) mm(3).
|
|
| 22. |
- Sheng, Xia, et al.
(författare)
-
Hierarchical micro-reactor as electrodes for water splitting by metal rod tipped carbon nanocapsule self-assembly in carbonized wood
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B. - : Elsevier. - 0926-3373 .- 1873-3883. ; 264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Materials design of efficient electrochemical micro-reactors is challenging, although hierarchically structured, self-standing electrodes with catalyst arrays offer promise. Herein, catalyst function in compact micro-reactor electrodes is designed by nanostructural tailoring of carbonized wood for efficient water splitting. Specifically, NiFe rod tipped, N-doped graphitic carbon nanocapsule arrays are self-assembled in hierarchical wood, and the benefit of this unique presentation and its promotive effect on accessibility of the catalyst surfaces is apparent. This report also comprises the first wood based micro-reactor electrodes for electrocatalytic water oxidation demonstrating excellent performance. The overpotential for oxygen evolution reaction was as low as 180 mV for 10 mA cm−2 current density and TOFredox was high at a level of 5.8 s−1 (at 370 mV overpotential). This hierarchical electrode can also work as bifunctional catalyst (both as anodic and as cathodic electrode) for total water splitting with a cell potential of 1.49 V for 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline solution, suggestive of their potential also in other electrochemical applications.
|
|
| 23. |
- Wang, Lin, et al.
(författare)
-
High-pressure studies of Nano/sub-micrometer C70 rods
- 2005
-
Ingår i: High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics B. - 0254-3052. ; 29:Supplement, s. 112-115
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have successfully synthesized C-70 rods in nano/sub-micrometers scale by evaporating solvent method. The diameter of the as grown C-70 rods is similar to 500 nm, and the length is similar to 10 mu m. The EDXD pattern and Raman spectroscopy for as -grown sample indicate that the as grown C-70 rod is in hcp structure. The pressure-induced structural phase transition has been studied by using DAC combined with EDXD and Raman spectroscopy methods under quasi-hydrostatic pressure up to 26.1GPa. It is found that hcp structure transforms into amorphous phase for C-70 rods in the pressure range from 23.3 to 26.1GPa, which is higher than the transformation pressure for bulk C-70 crystals. The phase transition is irreversible and it is induced by the collapse of C-70 cage.
|
|
| 24. |
- Wang, Lin, et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis and high pressure induced amorphization of C60 nanosheets
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 91:10, s. 103112-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C-60 nanosheets with thicknesses in the nanometer range were synthesized by a simple method. Compared to bulk C-60, the lattice of the nanosheets is expanded by about 0.4%. In situ Raman spectroscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction under high pressures have been employed to study the structure of the nanosheets. The studies indicate that the bulk modulus of the C-60 nanosheets is significantly larger than that of bulk C-60. The C-60 cages in nanosheets can persist at pressures over 30 GPa, 3 GPa higher than for bulk C-60. These results suggest that C-60 crystals in even small size will be a potential candidate of superhard materials.
|
|
| 25. |
- Wu, Wenpeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Theoretical modelling of metal-based and metal-free dye sensitizers for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells : A review
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 277
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivated by the great importance of fundamental research in finding new and improved pathways to harvest energy from the sun, the present review provides an account of theoretical modelling sustaining the development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This review starts with a sum up of concepts and factors that guide the efficiency of DSSCs, including the key equations for their evaluation. The operability of the modelling as a screening and predictive tool is demonstrated though analysis of a number of applications, and it is shown how the modelling can lead to prediction of optimal factor values, as well how it is used for interpretation purpose. The analysis is divided up between metal-based and metal-free dye sensitizers, where for the former the Ru-based and Zn-based sensitizers are given an in-depth attention. Various key factors affecting the efficiency of DSSCs are presented, like donor moieties, acceptors and anchoring groups, π-linkers, use of companion dyes and multi-strategies, co-adsorption, aggregation and other mechanisms, where in each case key published theoretical works are highlighted and analyzed. At the end of the review a complementary account is given for machine learning approaches that have increasingly emerged in the last few years as very powerful tools for the prediction of optimal molecules, materials and device constructions in the DSSC field. With this survey, we hope to bring to the fore the notion of theoretical modelling as an indispensable factor in the further development of DSSCs, and other solar cells, for the benefit of climate and society.
|
|
