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- Albers, E, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous estimation of product concentration with calorimetry and gas analysis during anaerobic fermentations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2002
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Ingår i: Thermochimica Acta. - 0040-6031. ; 394:1-2, s. 185-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product concentrations may be estimated from gas analysis or calorimetric measurements. These techniques of analysis are fast, simple, and provide a continuous output. To check the accuracy of these estimations, the anaerobic ethanol formation of an industrial strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was selected as a test system. Cultivations were carried out as batch cultures with different nitrogen sources (ammonium, glutamate and a mixture of amino acids) and 20 g/l of glucose as the carbon and energy source. The results showed that there was a good agreement between measured and calculated ethanol values. However, especially when using heat data the results are very sensitive to small changes in the stoichiometry of the catabolic reaction, i.e. ethanol is not the only product but there are also minor amounts of glycerol and acetate. The problems generated by these products when using heat data to calculate ethanol concentrations are discussed in detail. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Gharibi, Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Abnormal (Hydroxy)proline Deuterium Content Redefines Hydrogen Chemical Mass
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 144:6, s. 2484-2487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analyzing the δ2H values in individual amino acids of proteins extracted from vertebrates, we unexpectedly found insome samples, notably bone collagen from seals, more than twice as much deuterium in proline and hydroxyproline residues than inseawater. This corresponds to at least 4 times higher δ2H than in any previously reported biogenic sample. We ruled out diet as aplausible mechanism for such anomalous enrichment. This finding puts into question the old adage that “you are what you eat”.
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- Halldén, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Origin of Swedish hemophilia A mutations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 10:12, s. 2503-2511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hemophilia A (HA) has a high level of variation within the disease class, with more than 1000 mutations being listed in the HAMSTeRS database. At the same time a number of F8 mutations are present in specific populations at high frequencies. Objectives: The simultaneous presence of large numbers of rare mutations and a small number of high-frequency mutations raises questions about the origins of HA mutations. The present study was aimed at describing the origins of HA mutations in the complete Swedish population. The primary issue was to determine what proportion of identical mutations are identical by descent (IBD) and what proportion are attributable to recurrent mutation events. The age of IBD mutations was also determined. Patients/Methods: In Sweden, the care of HA is centralized, and the Swedish HA population consists of 750 patients from > 300 families (35% severe, 15% moderate, and 50% mild). Identical haplotypes were defined by single-nucleotide polymorphism and microsatellite haplotyping, and the ages of the mutations were estimated with estiage. Results: Among 212 presumably unrelated patients with substitution mutations, 97 (46%) had mutations in common with other patients. Haplotyping of the 97 patients showed that 47 had IBD mutations (22%) with estimated ages of between two and 35 generations. The frequency of mild disease increased with an increasing number of patients sharing the mutations. Conclusions: A majority of the IBD mutations are mild and have age estimates of a few hundred years, but some could date back to the Middle Ages.
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- Halldén, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Origin of Swedish hemophilia B mutations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 11:11, s. 2001-2008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background More than 1100 mutations that cause hemophilia B (HB) have been identified. At the same time, specific F9 mutations are present at high frequencies in certain populations, which raise questions about the origin of HB mutations. ObjectivesTo describe the mutation spectrum of all HB families in Sweden and investigate if mutations appearing in several families are due to independent recurrent mutations (RMs) or to a common mutation event (i.e. are identical by descent (IBD)). Patients/MethodsThe registered Swedish HB population consists of patients from 86 families. Mutations were identified by resequencing and identical haplotypes were defined using 74 markers and a control population of 285 individuals. The ages of IBD mutations were estimated using ESTIAGE. ResultsOut of 77 presumably unrelated patients with substitution mutations, 47 patients (61%) had mutations in common with other patients. Haplotyping of the 47 patients showed that 24 patients had IBD mutations (51%) with estimated ages of between two and 23 generations. A majority of these patients had mild disease. Eight of the 15 mutations observed in more than one family were C>T transitions in CpG sites and all eight were RMs. ConclusionsThe association of IBD mutations with a mild phenotype is similar to what has been previously observed in hemophilia A. Noteworthy features of the mutations that are common to more than one family are the equal proportions of patients with RM and IBD mutations and the correlation between the occurrence of RMs and C>T transitions at CpG sites.
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- Mandenius, C. F., et al.
(författare)
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Predicting fermentability of wood hydrolyzates with responses from electronic noses
- 1999
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Ingår i: Biotechnology progress (Print). - New York, NY, United States : AIChE. - 8756-7938 .- 1520-6033. ; 15:4, s. 617-621
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fermentability of lignocellulose hydrolyzates have been predicted from the responses of a combination of chemical gas sensors. The hydrolyzates were prepared by dilute-acid hydrolysis of wood from pine, aspen, birch, and spruce. The volatile emission from the hydrolyzates before fermentation was measured, and the sensor array response pattern was compared with the observed fermentability of the hydrolyzates, i.e. with the final ethanol concentration after fermentation and the maximum specific ethanol production rate. Two concentration parameters in the hydrolyzates, furfural and the sum of furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), were also predicted from the responses. The sensors used were metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET), tin oxide semiconductor devices, and conductive polymer sensors configured in two sensor arrays. The sensor array response pattern was analyzed by principal component analysis and artificial neural networks. Predictions from artificial neural networks deviated from measured values with less than 15%.The fermentability of lignocellulose hydrolyzates have been predicted from the responses of a combination of chemical gas sensors. The hydrolyzates were prepared by dilute-acid hydrolysis of wood from pine, aspen, birch, and spruce. The volatile emission from the hydrolyzates before fermentation was measured, and the sensor array response pattern was compared with the observed fermentability of the hydrolyzates, i.e. with the final ethanol concentration after fermentation and the maximum specific ethanol production rate. Two concentration parameters in the hydrolyzates, furfural and the sum of furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), were also predicted from the responses. The sensors used were metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET), tin oxide semiconductor devices, and conductive polymer sensors configured in two sensor arrays. The sensor array response pattern was analyzed by principal component analysis and artificial neural networks. Predictions from artificial neural networks deviated from measured values with less than 15%.
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- Anveden Berglind, I, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational skin exposure to water : a population-based study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The British journal of dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Occupational exposure to skin irritants, in particular to water, is an important risk factor for hand eczema. Objectives To assess occupational skin exposure to water in the general population. Methods As part of a public health survey in Stockholm, Sweden, 18 267 gainfully employed individuals aged 18-64 years completed a questionnaire with previously validated questions regarding occupational skin exposure to water. Results Altogether 16% reported exposure to water for (1/2) h or more a day, and 13% reported exposure to water more than 10 times a day. Furthermore, 7% reported water exposure of more than 2 h and 6% of more than 20 times a day. Women reported more water exposure than men and many female-dominated occupations were seen to comprise water exposure. Women were also more exposed than men within the same jobs. Young adults were more exposed than older. A total of 18% were employed in high-risk occupations for hand eczema. Fifty-nine per cent of individuals employed in high-risk occupations reported water exposure at work, compared with 11% in low-risk occupations. Conclusions A total of 20% of the population of working age acknowledged occupational skin exposure to water, which was found to be more common in young adults and women. Using job title as a proxy for water exposure gives an underestimation due to misclassification. In assessing occupational skin exposure to water, both exposure time and frequency should be considered.
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