| 1. |
- Belgrano, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping and Evaluating Marine Protected Areas and Ecosystem Services: A Transdisciplinary Delphi Forecasting Process Framework
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are an important tool for management and conservation and play an increasingly recognised role in societal and human well-being. However, the assessment of MPAs often lacks a simultaneous consideration of ecological and socio-economic outcomes, and this can lead to misconceptions on the effectiveness of MPAs. In this perspective, we present a transdisciplinary approach based on the Delphi method for mapping and evaluating Marine Protected Areas for their ability to protect biodiversity while providing Ecosystem Services (ES) and related human well-being benefits – i.e., the ecosystem outputs from which people benefit. We highlight the need to include the human dimensions of marine protection in such assessments, given that the effectiveness of MPAs over time is conditional on the social, cultural and institutional contexts in which MPAs evolve. Our approach supports Ecosystem-Based Management and highlights the importance of MPAs in achieving restoration, conservation, and sustainable development objectives in relation to EU Directives such as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), the Maritime Spatial Planning Directive (MSPD), and the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP).
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| 2. |
- Arbo, P., et al.
(författare)
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The transformation of the oceans and the future of marine social science
- 2018
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Ingår i: Maritime Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1872-7859 .- 2212-9790. ; 17:3, s. 295-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The oceans have become a juncture of great visions of blue growth as well as strong environmental concern. This paper discusses the essential role of the social sciences as the oceans increasingly emerge as a contested social arena. The marine social sciences have generated a vast knowledge about the development of fisheries and the implications of fisheries policies on coastal communities. We review this heritage and show that it makes the marine social sciences well qualified to address contemporary challenges raised by the increasing ambitions of exploiting and conserving the world’s oceans. However, with the current transformation of the oceans as sites of comprehensive industrialization, captured in the concept of blue growth, we argue that marine social scientists need to rethink their research objectives. This requires a reflection on the lessons learned from decades of engagement with fisheries and fisheries policy to understand and intervene in processes and practices of modernization, science-based management, and privatization of resources. We suggest how the marine social sciences can provide new knowledge and actively engage in current developments by studying emergent processes in the marine environment, and the institutions, practices, and discourses that shape them. The social sciences have a responsibility to contribute to growth and conservation issues, and are in the capacity to do so, through formulating governance alternatives, anticipating future trends, imagining desirable futures, and facilitating socially just processes and outcomes. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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| 3. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing social sustainability for small-scale fisheries in Sweden : Institutional barriers for implementing the small-scale fisheries guidelines.
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783319550732 - 9783319550749 ; , s. 717-736
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish coastal fisheries are not sustainable in terms of the status of their main fish stocks, their economic profitability, and as source of regular employment. Social sustainability commitments in fisheries governance advocated by the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF Guidelines) have been so far mostly neglected. In this chapter, we bring attention to two institutional settings at different governance levels relevant for the implementation of the SSF Guidelines in the Swedish context. First, we look at the introduction of social goals under the perspective of the EU’s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). Second, we consider national tensions between forces advocating or opposing a further application of market-based economic instruments, often portrayed as an effective cure for all ills, in fisheries governance. Taking into account the logic on which the SSF Guidelines rest, we evaluate in both cases current processes for stakeholder participation in the formulation of fishing policies and strategies in Sweden. We conclude that the inclusion of a social dimension and stakeholder involvement at the EU level face procedural and institutional limitations that prevent the small-scale fisheries sector from exploiting opportunities for change. Further challenges to the implementation of the SSF Guidelines arise when central national authorities’ interpretation of societal benefits opposes other interpretations, and consequently economic calculations take precedence over a participatory process-based, knowledge-accumulating approach to resource management. The SSF Guidelines, therefore, provide important material and intellectual resources to make the most of new chances that can lead to an increased likelihood of change in the direction of sustainable coastal fisheries in Sweden.
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| 4. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Governing the Governance: Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe with Focus on the Baltic Sea
- 2019
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Ingår i: Transdisciplinarity for Small-Scale Fisheries Governance. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319949376
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ‘Governing the governance’ refers to the overarching values and interests on which governing institutions are built and operate relative to small-scale fisheries. Who are these values representing and how consistent are institutional settings with respect to them? How effective are existing institutions for accommodating diverse values in their governing practices? This chapter explores the governance system and experiences of small-scale fisheries in the Baltic Sea, particularly in the context of the European Union (EU) Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). We focus on the EU governing system and its relation with the values and interests of small-scale fisheries and the organizations representing them, and evaluate the scope for the governability of small-scale fisheries in the Baltic Sea. Our chapter use the case of fishers’ representation in the EU Baltic Sea Advisory Council for this purpose and discusses the consequences of a missing link between small-scale coastal fisheries’ values and the overarching EU fisheries governance system regulated by the CFP. Finally, we explore how this missing linkage might change under current regional and local initiatives to support small-scale fisheries in Europe, and conclude on the governability and transdisciplinary challenges this shift may entail.
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| 5. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Swimming upstream: community economies for a different coastal rural development in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainability Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-4065 .- 1862-4057. ; 15, s. 63-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). The EU Blue Growth agenda is being implemented at a time when European coastal fisheries and traditional fishing communities are struggling to survive or have already vanished from areas where they used to flourish. Driven by the strong conviction that current disadvantaged and vulnerable coastal fishers still have a central role to play in rural development, local level initiatives are calling for a different future for this fishery sector. The participants in these initiatives insist that coastal fisheries should not be driven to extinction, despite their low economic profitability and thus minimal contribution to economic growth compared to large-scale enterprises. Through participatory observation and informal interviews, we investigate one of these local level initiatives on the Swedish Baltic Sea coast and analyse how it aligns with a community economies’ project based on a different economic perspective. We describe first the primary activities carried out by the initiative and follow by an examination on what drove it, how it has been maintained, and how it might spread. We conclude on the potentials of the community economies framework and project to advance a Blue degrowth agenda based on difference and not necessarily less.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Clay, P. M., et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of integrated ecosystem assessments in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea-conceptualizations, practice, and progress
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ices Journal of Marine Science. - 1054-3139. ; 80:5, s. 1516-1528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With increasing activities of multiple sectors in marine spaces, management of marine social-ecological systems requires more holistic approaches. Adopting such an approach, however, presents difficult institutional and disciplinary challenges. Here, we use the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) as a case study on the implementation of ecosystem-based management (EBM) and integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs). ICES includes EBM and IEAs in its Science Priorities and established IEA Working Groups (WGs) to carry out regional IEAs. But to what degree does this IEA WG work follow best practices? We examine policy documents, academic literature, and interview data from chairs of all IEA WGs. Results indicate mixed success. All groups acknowledge the holistic goals of IEA, and many use the IEA model as laid out by Levin et al. However, we found a significant variation in the degree to which the full model is applied. We identified two primary areas for improvement: (1) integration of social and economic issues and (2) involvement of stakeholders. We offer examples of how WGs have been making progress towards full IEAs, discuss how ICES can further support this transition, and suggest lessons with respect to the adoption of EBM and IEAs more broadly.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- de Donà, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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‘Close but not too close’ – experiences of science-policy bridging in three international advisory organizations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Critical Policy Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1946-0171 .- 1946-018X. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of science in environmental decision-making calls for an improved understanding of how scientific advice can best inform policy. Policy-relevant science is trapped in the conundrum of being close to policy and politics while trying not to become too close, to avoid politicization. We investigate this dilemma in three scientific advisory organizations: the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Comparing marine, climate, and biodiversity governance at the international level, we reveal how the science-policy interface is understood and arranged in the institutional designs of these organizations. While they are all mandated to be policy-relevant, they aim to provide a neutral space for science that is not overtly impacted by politics. Our analysis reveals key differences in science-policy interactions regarding four issues: mandate; science-policy separation; politicization of advisory science; and knowledge inclusion. After discussing how these dimensions exhibit challenges connected to the ‘proximity vs. distance’ dilemma, we formulate an ideal-typical continuum comprising the following arrangements: a clear-cut boundary, a boundary zone, a fuzzy boundary. Based on this three-tiered model, we argue for a non-dichotomous understanding of science-policy relationships.
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| 10. |
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Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea.
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This edited volume presents a comprehensive and coherent interdisciplinary analysis of challenges and possibilities for sustainable governance of the Baltic Sea ecosystem by combining knowledge and approaches from natural and social sciences. Focusing on the Ecosystem Approach to Management (EAM) and associated multi-level, multi-sector and multi-actor challenges, the book provides up-to-date descriptions and analyses of environmental governance structures and processes at the macro-regional Baltic Sea level. Organised in two parts, Part 1 presents in-depth case studies of environmental governance practices and challenges linked to five key environmental problems - eutrophication, chemical pollution, overfishing, oil discharges and invasive species. Part 2 analyses and compares governance challenges and opportunities across the five case studies, focusing on governance structures and EAM implementation, knowledge integration and science support, as well as stakeholder communication and participation. Based on these cross-case comparisons, this book also draws a set of general conclusions on possible ways of improving the governance of the Baltic Sea by promoting what are identified as vital functions of environmental governance: coordination, integration, interdisciplinarity, precaution, deliberation, communication and adaptability.
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| 11. |
- Gilek, Michael, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea : Identifying Key Challenges, Research Topics and Analytical Approaches
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319270050 - 9783319270067 - 9783319800561 ; , s. 1-17
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Baltic Sea ecosystem is subject to a wide array of societal pressures and associated environmental risks (e.g. eutrophication, oil discharges, chemical pollution, overfishing and invasive alien species). Despite several years of substantial efforts by state and non-state actors, it is still highly unlikely that the regionally agreed environmental objectives of reaching “good environmental status” by 2021 in the HELCOM BSAP (Baltic Sea Action Plan) and by 2020 in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) will be met. This chapter identifies key research topics, as well as presents analytical perspectives for analysing the gap between knowledge and action in Baltic Sea environmental governance. It does so by outlining important trends and key challenges associated with Baltic Sea environmental governance, as well as by summarising the scope and results of individual chapters of this interdisciplinary volume. The analysis reveals the development of increasingly complex governance arrangements and the ongoing implementation of the holistic Ecosystem Approach to Management, as two general trends that together contribute to three key challenges associated with (1) regional and cross - sectoral coordination and collaboration, (2) coping with complexity and uncertainty in science-policy interactions and (3) developing communication and knowledge sharing among stakeholder groups. Furthermore, to facilitate analysis of environmental governance opportunities and obstacles both within and across specific environmental issues, this chapter reviews the scientific literature to pinpoint key research issues and questions linked to the identified governance challenges.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Hur mår den svenska yrkesfiskaren? En enkätundersökning om fiskelicensinnehavare, 2019
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hur mår den svenska yrkesfiskaren idag? För att utreda hur yrkesfiskare i dagens Sverige utövar sitt yrke, vilka utmaningar de möter, vilka frågor och problemområden de vill lyfta fram, och i vilken grad de är medlemmar i Sveriges erkända producentorganisationer (PO) har forskare vid Göteborgs universitet, i samarbete med Marint centrum i Simrishamn, skickat en enkät till Sveriges 835 fiskelicensinnehavare. Rapporten baseras på 351 respondenter, motsvarande 42% av alla Sveriges fiskelicensinnehavare. Enkäten var första steget i en längre undersökning som nu går in i en dialogfas.
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| 14. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Throughput legitimacy in Swedish fisheries governance: Views from coastal fishers
- 2021
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Ingår i: MARE conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many scholars have noted a participatory turn in democratic governance, including in relation to environmental management. The EU and Nordic countries have committed to the participatory ideals outlined in the Aarhus Convention, which give citizens the right to information about, participation in, and pursuit of justice concerning decisions about the environmen . In Sweden and the wider European context, greater levels of stakeholder and citizen participation in environmental decision-making are said to enhance the legitimacy of policy, make policy more responsive to local circumstances, contribute to fairness and consensus-building among differently-situated actors, and increase levels of acceptance and compliance, even in circumstances where outcomes are not viewed as desireable. Yet scholars have also found that European states fail to achieve the level and quality of participation needed to realise these aims. In this paper we investigate Swedish coastal fishers’ experiences of participatory democracy in fisheries governance, drawing on a national survey of commercial fishing license holders and semi-structured interviews with 21 coastal fishers. Taking our cue from scholarship which argues that democratic participation in environmental governance entails more than representation, we analyse coastal fishers’ views of fisheries management through the lens of throughput legitimacy or legitimate throughput. This concept, developed in studies of European politics and policy in the latter half of the 2000s and early 2010s, focuses attention on governance processes, as opposed to institutional design (representation, input) or performance (outcomes). While throughput legitimacy has been used to investigate environmental governance in other European contexts, this study is the first to apply the concept to fisheries governance and to a Swedish environmental agency. Our study shows the concept’s utility for analysing the extent to which “the experience of those who draw fish out of the water” (Chuenpagdee & Jentoft, 2015), p.9) is meaningfully incorporated in Swedish fisheries management. Our case also confirms, as Schmidt and Wood (2019) suggest, that not all of the criteria for throughput legitimacy are equally important to all stakeholders. Finally, our materials also indicate that, contrary to other scholarship, governance processes based on bargaining and agonistic discussions can be perceived as highly legitimate.
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| 15. |
- Holm, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging Gaps, Reforming Fisheries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Collaborative Research in Fisheries Co-creating Knowledge for Fisheries Governance in Europe. - 9783030267834 ; , s. 279-303
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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A communicative turnaround: Shifting the burden of proof in European fisheries governance
- 2013
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 38, s. 337-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current and prospective changes in European fisheries governance suggest not only a “communicative turn” but a complete turnaround in the relationships between government, science, and the fishing industry. At the heart of these changes are the so-called Regional Advisory Councils (RACs) and the idea of partially replacing the burden of proof on the resource users (fishing industry). This change entails new forms of interaction between fishers’ representatives, other stakeholders (e.g. NGOs), policy-makers and scientists. By drawing on experiences from the Baltic Sea RAC, the analysis focuses on two aspects of fisheries governance: institutional design and the process of negotiation and decision-making. It is concluded that to allow for a partial shift in the burden of proof, stakeholder organisations such as RACs need to adapt both institutionally as well as process-wise to enable a more constructive and responsible fisheries governance system.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Aligning top-down and bottom-up modes of governance? How EU Fisheries Local Action Groups support small-scale fisheries and coastal community development in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: SOCIOLOGIA RURALIS. - 0038-0199 .- 1467-9523.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small-scale fisheries and coastal communities experienced dramatic downward trends over recent decades impacting rural development on European coastlines. Fisheries governance in the European Union (EU) follows exogenous top-down regulations steering fishing practices through detailed regulations. In contrast, the EU's structural funding system of Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) involves an endogenous approach consisting of more participatory bottom-up processes. This article explores these approaches by investigating the capacity of Swedish FLAGs to support small-scale fisheries and coastal communities. Using document analyses and interviews, we show that, in principle, the FLAG approach has the capacity to support local fisheries developments and to foreground small-scale fisheries interests in combination with community interests. However, the unique Swedish FLAG experience reveals a diminished scope for including small-scale fisheries' and coastal communities' interests on a structural basis. The Swedish FLAG experience, we conclude, mirrors a path-dependent trajectory of marginalisation and disempowerment of local fisheries interests hampering the potential of endogenous development.
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| 19. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Co-management in fisheries : Experiences and changing approaches in Europe
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ocean and Coastal Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-5691. ; 104, s. 170-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to identify conditions of success for European fisheries co-management and its inte- gration in broader strategies for sustainable resource management. Co-management of fisheries, broadly defined as the involvement of users in management, developed in Europe in various experimental forms of participation of fishermen in the management process, in advisory roles or through delegation and sharing of power. During its history, fisheries co-management has been revealed as multi-functional, addressing different knowledge and resource management problems, with varying success. This anal- ysis focuses on knowledge-related issues that are important for the functioning of co-management, especially the combination of scientific and local knowledge. First we review European literature on co-management and secondly we analyse two exemplary case studies (EU Regional Advisory Councils and Fisheries Local Action Groups). Thereupon the possibilities for future development of co- management in Europe are discussed with regard to knowledge integration and environmental gover- nance. Under the influence of the ideas of adaptive governance and sustainable resource management, modifications of forms and functions of co-management systems are described.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974
(författare)
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Contexts constrain science in the public: How the sociobiology debate was (not) presented in the German press
- 2012
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Ingår i: Public Understanding of Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6625 .- 1361-6609. ; 21:6, s. 740-758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports on a media study on the coverage of sociobiology (SB) in the German media. The analyses show a decoupling between the academic discussion and the German media coverage: when the scientific debates about SB were at their height (late 1970s), nearly no reporting occurred in the German press, whereas from the middle of the 1990s onwards, when the academic discussion had settled, SB was presented increasingly often. The case reveals the importance of cultural contexts in shaping popular science coverage, making SB a non-issue in the German media at the times of its most intense scientific debate. Factors contributing to this particular situation in German academia and popular culture are discussed. Comparisons with other studies show how the late renaissance of SB in Germany in the late 1990s is due to media attention towards the new biosciences.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Linke, Sebastian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the phronetic dimension of stakeholders' knowledge in EU fisheries governance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 47, s. 153-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fisheries management is said to be in a perpetual state of crisis, both globally and in Europe. The causes and possible remedies of these problems often create political controversy. Is the solution more and better science or more and better politics? Does one need to improve the former, the latter or both? Or is something else missing? This paper investigates these questions by drawing on social theory and theories of knowledge. The issue of science versus politics and the role of different knowledge perspectives from stakeholders in decision-making are discussed with reference to the Regional Advisory Councils within EU fisheries, in particular, the council for the Baltic Sea. It is argued that a lost ‘value-rationality’ and the aspects of phronetic knowledge and research need to be included in the highly instrumental and science-based EU fisheries policy system to establish environmental and social sustainability in the sector.
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| 25. |
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