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- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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- Tiegs, Scott D., et al.
(författare)
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Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - Washington : American Association of Advancement in Science. - 2375-2548. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth's biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented "next-generation biomonitoring" by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale.
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| 11. |
- Costello, David M., et al.
(författare)
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Global patterns and controls of nutrient immobilization on decomposing cellulose in riverine ecosystems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 36:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbes play a critical role in plant litter decomposition and influence the fate of carbon in rivers and riparian zones. When decomposing low-nutrient plant litter, microbes acquire nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the environment (i.e., nutrient immobilization), and this process is potentially sensitive to nutrient loading and changing climate. Nonetheless, environmental controls on immobilization are poorly understood because rates are also influenced by plant litter chemistry, which is coupled to the same environmental factors. Here we used a standardized, low-nutrient organic matter substrate (cotton strips) to quantify nutrient immobilization at 100 paired stream and riparian sites representing 11 biomes worldwide. Immobilization rates varied by three orders of magnitude, were greater in rivers than riparian zones, and were strongly correlated to decomposition rates. In rivers, P immobilization rates were controlled by surface water phosphate concentrations, but N immobilization rates were not related to inorganic N. The N:P of immobilized nutrients was tightly constrained to a molar ratio of 10:1 despite wide variation in surface water N:P. Immobilization rates were temperature-dependent in riparian zones but not related to temperature in rivers. However, in rivers nutrient supply ultimately controlled whether microbes could achieve the maximum expected decomposition rate at a given temperature. Collectively, we demonstrated that exogenous nutrient supply and immobilization are critical control points for decomposition of organic matter.
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| 12. |
- Fanjul, María, et al.
(författare)
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Tethered cord in patients affected by anorectal malformations : a survey from the ARM-Net Consortium
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pediatric Surgery International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-0358 .- 1437-9813. ; 33:8, s. 849-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the degree of consensus in the management of spinal cord tethering (TC) in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM) in a large cohort of European pediatric centers. Methods: A survey was sent to pediatric surgeons (one per center) members of the ARM-Net Consortium. Results: Twenty-four (86%) from ten different countries completed the survey. Overall prevalence of TC was: 21% unknown, 46% below 15, and 29% between 15 and 30%. Ninety-six agreed on screening all patients for TC regardless the type of ARM and 79% start screening at birth. Responses varied in TC definition and diagnostic tools. Fifty percent of respondents prefer ultrasound (US), 21% indicate either US or magnetic resonance (MRI) based on a pre-defined risk of presenting TC, and 21% perform both. Discrepancy exists in complementary test: 82% carry out urodynamic studies (UDS) and only 37% perform somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP). Prophylactic untethering is performed in only two centers (8%). Conclusions: Survey results support TC screening in all patients with ARM and conservative management of TC. There is discrepancy in the definition of TC, screening tools, and complementary test. Protocols should be developed to avoid such variability in management.
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| 14. |
- D'Ascenzi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Left atrial remodeling in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation : a speckle tracking prospective study
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 34:Supplement: 1, s. 338-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Aortic Stenosis (AS) results in several Left Ventricular (LV) disturbances as well as progressive Left Atrial (LA) enlargement and dysfunction. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) reverses LV remodelling and improves overall systolic function but its effect on LA function remains undetermined. The aim of this prospective study was toinvestigate the effects of TAVI on LA structure and function.Material and methods: We studied thirty-two patients with severe symptomatic AS and high surgical risk who underwent TAVI, using standard and 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography before, at 40-day and at 3-month follow-up.Results: Following TAVI, mean transvalvular gradient reduced (p<0.001). Both LA mean area index and LA mean volume index decreased at 40-day (16.2±6.4 vs. 12.5±2.9 cm2/m2, and 47.3±12.0 vs. 42.8±12.5 mL/m2, respectively, p<0.05) and values remained unchanged at 3 months. The reduction of LA size was accompanied by a significant increase in global PALS (14.4±3.9% vs. 19.1±4.7%, p<0.001) and global PACS (8.4±2.5% vs. 11.0±4.1%, p<0.05) at 3-month. After the procedure, LA stiffness measurements decreased and became significant at 3-month follow up (p<0.001). Pre-procedural trans-aortic mean gradient and pre-procedural LA volume were identified as predictors of global PALSincrease (p<0.0001) while the delta drop in trans-aortic mean gradient as predictors of LA volume index reduction 3 months after TAVI (p<0.0001).Conclusion: TAVI is associated with significant recovery of LA structure and function suggesting a reverse cavity remodelling. Such functional recovery is determined by the severity of pre-procedural valve stenosis.
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| 15. |
- Galvis, Virgilio, et al.
(författare)
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Visual and satisfaction results with implantation of the trifocal Panoptix® intraocular lens in cataract surgery
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Optometry. - : Elsevier. - 1888-4296. ; 15:3, s. 219-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To assess visual results (including the Lapid-Kushlin defocus coefficient), and satisfaction, following the implantation of PanOptix® a trifocal intraocular lens.Methods: Observational, retrospective cohort study. 130 eyes of 65 subjects with bilateral implantation were included. Binocular uncorrected visual acuities [distance (Binocular UDVA), intermediate (Binocular UIVA) and near (Binocular UNVA)] were measured. Also, the manifest refraction, binocular defocus curve and binocular contrast sensitivity were determined. The Lapid-Kushlin defocus coefficient, a new single numerical parameter based on the area under the curve of the defocus curve, was calculated. The validated Spanish CATQUEST-9SF satisfaction survey was applied.Results: Postoperative visual acuity ranges were: binocular UDVA 0.18 to 0.0 LogMAR, binocular UIVA 0.30 to 0.0 LogMAR and Binocular UNVA 0.18 to 0.0 LogMAR. The levels of contrast sensitivity both in bright light conditions (with and without glare) and low light conditions with glare, remained within the limits of normality. Under scotopic conditions without glare values below normality were found at lower spatial frequencies. The binocular defocus curve showed a plateau without a clearly evident peak. The Lapid-Kushlin defocus coefficient was 0.199. Two patients (3.1%) needed glasses after the procedure for near and intermediate vision. No patient manifested great visual difficulties or was dissatisfied with the results.Conclusions: The trifocal platform showed very good results in this series of patients. 96.9% of the patients achieved independence of the glasses and expressed a high degree of satisfaction. The Lapid-Kushlin defocus coefficient was better than those calculated from literature, for other multifocal intraocular lenses.
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| 16. |
- Hageman, Isabel C., et al.
(författare)
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A Quality Assessment of the ARM-Net Registry Design and Data Collection
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3468. ; 58:10, s. 1921-1928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Registries are important in rare disease research. The Anorectal Malformation Network (ARM-Net) registry is a well-established European patient registry collecting demographic, clinical, and functional outcome data. We assessed the quality of this registry through review of the structure, data elements, collected data, and user experience. Material and methods: Design and data elements were assessed for completeness, consistency, usefulness, accuracy, validity, and comparability. An intra- and inter-user variability study was conducted through monitoring and re-registration of patients. User experience was assessed via a questionnaire on registration, design of registry, and satisfaction. Results: We evaluated 119 data elements, of which 107 were utilized and comprised 42 string and 65 numeric elements. A minority (37.0%) of the 2278 included records had complete data, though this improved to 83.5% when follow-up elements were excluded. Intra-observer variability demonstrated 11.7% incongruence, while inter-observer variability was 14.7%. Users were predominantly pediatric surgeons and typically registered patients within 11–30 min. Users did not experience any significant difficulties with data entry and were generally satisfied with the registry, but preferred more longitudinal data and patient-reported outcomes. Conclusions: The ARM-Net registry presents one of the largest ARM cohorts. Although its collected data are valuable, they are susceptible to error and user variability. Continuous evaluations are required to maintain relevant and high-quality data and to achieve long-term sustainability. With the recommendations resulting from this study, we call for rare disease patient registries to take example and aim to continuously improve their data quality to enhance the small, but impactful, field of rare disease research. Level of Evidence: V.
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| 18. |
- Lisi, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Right ventricular longitudinal deformation correlates closely with right ventricular myocardial fibrosis in patients with end-stage heart failure
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 34, s. 780-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain (LS) plays a key role in the evaluation of its systolic performance and clinical outcomein patients with refractory heart failure (HF). This study sought to determine the value of RVLS for prediction of RV myocardial fibrosis inpatients with severe HF undergoing heart transplantation (HTx).Methods: The cohort we studied consists of 24 patients with severe systolic HF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 25%; NYHA class IV) referred between 2009 and 2013 for a simultaneous right heartcatheterization and echocardiographic evaluation before HTx.RVLS by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) was used to assess free-wall RVLS, global cavity RVLS (including all segments in the apical 4 chamber view and right atrial LS (RALS), RV fractional area change (RVFAC), RV sphericity index (RVSI) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were also measured. All patients underwent HTx 12±34 days afterwards. From the explanted hearts a 1 x 0,5 cmmyocardial sample of the RV lateral free wall was obtained and stainedwith hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. The ratio of the fibrotic area to the total surface area of each section was used to estimate the extent of RV myocardial fibrosis (percentage) as (fibrotis area-total area) x 100.Results: A good correlation was found between the extent of RVmyocardial fibrosis and free-wall RVLS (r=0.72; p<0.0001), global RVLS (r=0.49; p<0.0001), RVSI (r=0.47; p<0.0001), and RALS (r= -0.46; p=0.005), with a poorer correlation with TAPSE (r= -0.32; p=0.01) and RVFAC (r= -0.25; p=ns). Of these indeces, free-wall RVLS had the strongest diagnostic accuracy for detecting severe RV myocardialfibrosis (AUC = 0.87).Conclusions: In late stage HF patients, right ventricular free wallmyocardial deformation is the best functional measure that correlateswith the extent of myocardial fibrosis. These findings should have clinical implications when interpreting other RV measurements.
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| 19. |
- van der Steeg, H. J.J., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of perioperative care on complications and short term outcome in ARM type rectovestibular fistula : An ARM-Net consortium study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3468. ; 54:8, s. 1595-1600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The impact of perioperative care interventions on postreconstructive complications and short-term colorectal outcome in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM) type rectovestibular fistula is unknown. Methods: An ARM-Net consortium multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed including 165 patients with a rectovestibular fistula. Patient characteristics, perioperative care interventions, timing of reconstruction, postreconstructive complications and the colorectal outcome at one year of follow-up were registered. Results: Overall complications were seen in 26.8% of the patients, of which 41% were regarded major. Differences in presence of enterostomy, timing of reconstruction, mechanical bowel preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative feeding regimen had no impact on the occurrence of overall complications. However, mechanical bowel preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis ≥ 48 h and postoperative nil by mouth showed a significant reduction in major complications. The lowest rate of major complications was found in the group having these three interventions combined (5.9%). Multivariate analyses did not show independent significant results of any of the perioperative care interventions owing to center-specific combinations. At one year follow-up, half of the patients experienced constipation and this was significantly higher among those with preoperative mechanical bowel preparation. Conclusions: Differences in perioperative care interventions do not seem to impact the incidence of overall complications in a large cohort of European rectovestibular fistula-patients. Mechanical bowel preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis ≥ 48 h, and postoperative nil by mouth showed the least major complications. Independency could not be established owing to center-specific combinations of interventions. Type of study: Treatment study. Level of evidence: III
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