| 1. |
- Liu, Aijie, et al.
(författare)
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Excited-state and charge-carrier dynamics in binary conjugated polymer dots towards efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 25:4, s. 2935-2945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aqueous dispersed conjugated polymer dots (Pdots) have shown promising application in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. To efficiently extract photogenerated charges from type-II heterojunction Pdots for hydrogen evolution, the mechanistic study of photophysical processes is essential for Pdot optimization. Within this work, we use a PFODTBT donor (D) polymer and an ITIC small molecule acceptor (A) as a donor/acceptor (D/A) model system to study their excited states and charge/energy transfer dynamics via steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively. Charge-carrier generation and the recombination dynamics of binary Pdots with different D/A ratios were followed using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. A significant spectral relaxation of photoluminescence was observed for individual D Pdots, implying an energetic disorder by nature. However, this was not seen for charge carriers in binary Pdots, probably due to the ultrafast charge generation process at an early time (<200 fs). The results showed slower charge recombination upon increasing the ratio of ITIC in binary Pdots, which further resulted in an enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, twice that as compared to individual D Pdots. Although binary Pdots prepared via the nanoprecipitation method exhibit a large interfacial area that allows high charge generation efficiencies, it also provides a high possibility for charge recombination and limits the further utilization of free charges. Therefore, for the future design of type-II heterojunction Pdots, suppressing the charge carrier recombination via increasing the crystallinity and proper phase segregation is necessary for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Yawen, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible Lead Bromide Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2574-0962. ; 3:10, s. 9817-9823
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead bromide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing interest partly because of the high open-circuit voltage that has been obtained. Here, we present a simple way to prepare PSCs based on formamidinium lead tribromide, FAPbBr(3), by adding methylammonium chloride and methylammonium bromide into the precursor solution. With this method, high-quality and pin-hole free perovskite films with large crystal sizes were prepared. These additives result in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.9%, almost free of hysteresis, for a device on a rigid glass substrate. The first flexible lead bromide PSC is also prepared in this work and the flexible PSC exhibited a high PCE of 5.0%.
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| 3. |
- Meng, Qijun, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Cobalt-sites-rich Aza-fused Conjugated Microporous Polymers on BiVO4 for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advanced surface and interface engineering has been demonstrated to be of critical importance for the development of photoanodes for highly efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. In this study, cobalt-sites-rich aza-fused conjugated microporous polymer was integrated on the nanoporous bismuth vanadate electrode. The hybrid BiVO4/eCMP-Co photoanode exhibited a high photocurrent density of 4.3 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE and a very low onset potential of ~ 0.2 VRHE with an applied bias photon to current efficiency of 1.62% at around 0.6 VRHE. Moreover, studies on charge carrier kinetics showed that eCMP-Co can not only accelerate water oxidation kinetics but also significantly suppress surface recombination, thereby dramatically increasing charge transfer efficiency. These results demonstrate the great potential of conjugated polymers combined with metal coordination as heterogenous catalysts on photoelectrodes in PEC devices.
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| 4. |
- Wu, H., et al.
(författare)
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Methylammonium Bromide Assisted Crystallization for Enhanced Lead-Free Double Perovskite Photovoltaic Performance
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 32:14, s. 2109402-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cs2AgBiBr6, has recently gained wide attention as a possible alternative to lead-halide perovskites, considering the nontoxicity and improved stability. However, this double perovskite suffers from defects, especially deep electron traps, severely hampering the photovoltaic performance. This work reports a simple method to control the double perovskite crystallization by adding volatile salts into the precursor solution. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the organic cation with suitable radius (such as methylammonium, MA+) is introduced into the perovskite lattice, forming an organic/inorganic mixed double perovskite intermediate phase. The organic salt is thereafter fully evaporated during high temperature annealing, and the all-inorganic double perovskite is obtained with dense surface and less pin-holes. From optical and electrical characterization, it is concluded that the Cs2AgBiBr6 film exhibits high quality, with higher light absorptance and emission. Reduced trap density and longer carrier lifetime are also observed. The improved Cs2AgBiBr6 film is beneficial for efficient carrier collection with suppressed defect-assisted recombination. With this strategy, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.53% is achieved for the champion Cs2AgBiBr6-based solar cell device, which is significantly higher compared to the control device with 1.43% PCE. This work is therefore helpful for further improvement of inorganic lead-free perovskite materials for optoelectronic applications.
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| 5. |
- Yang, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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Intramolecular hydroxyl nucleophilic attack pathway by a polymeric water oxidation catalyst with single cobalt sites
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Catalysis. - : Springer Nature. - 2520-1158. ; 5:5, s. 414-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploration of efficient water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is the primary challenge in conversion of renewable energy into fuels. Here we report a molecularly well-defined heterogeneous WOC with Aza-fused, pi-conjugated, microporous polymer (Aza-CMP) coordinated single cobalt sites (Aza-CMP-Co). The single cobalt sites in Aza-CMP-Co exhibited superior activity under alkaline and near-neutral conditions. Moreover, the molecular nature of the isolated catalytic sites makes Aza-CMP-Co a reliable model for studying the heterogeneous water oxidation mechanism. By a combination of experimental and theoretical results, a pH-dependent nucleophilic attack pathway for O-O bond formation was proposed. Under alkaline conditions, the intramolecular hydroxyl nucleophilic attack (IHNA) process with which the adjacent -OH group nucleophilically attacks Co4+=O was identified as the rate-determining step. This process leads to lower activation energy and accelerated kinetics than those of the intermolecular water nucleophilic attack (WNA) pathway. This study provides significant insights into the crucial function of electrolyte pH in water oxidation catalysis and enhancement of water oxidation activity by regulation of the IHNA pathway.
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| 6. |
- Yang, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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Monolithic FAPbBr3 Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation with Ultralow-Onset-Potential
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite considerable research efforts on photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting over the past few decades, its practical application is still impeded by the lack of efficient, stable, and scalable photoelectrodes. Herein, we demonstrate the facile fabrication of a metal-halide perovskite-based photoanode for PEC water oxidation. A hole transport material-free and precious metal-free FAPbBr3 photovoltaic (PV) device is fabricated for the first time to examine the charge separation performance of the FAPbBr3 absorber. With a planar structure using mesoporous carbon as a hole-conducting layer, the device achieved a solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiency of 9.2% and a Voc of 1.4 V. The solar cell architecture is successfully applied to build a monolithic photoanode with the FAPbBr3 absorber, carbon/graphite conductive protection layer, and NiFe catalyst layers for direct photo-driven water oxidation. With suitable energy band alignment and minimal contact loss, the photoanode delivers an ultralow onset potential below 0 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode and a high applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 8.5%. Stable operation exceeding 100 h under constant solar illumination is successfully reached by the application of UV filter protection. A detailed photothermal investigation confirms that the photothermal effect can improve the overall performance of the perovskite photoanode. The results in this report are of great significance in guiding the further development of PV material-based photoelectrodes for solar fuel applications.
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| 7. |
- Yang, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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Monolithic FAPbBr3 photoanode for photoelectrochemical water oxidation with low onset-potential and enhanced stability
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite considerable research efforts on photoelectrochemical water splitting over the past decades, practical application faces challenges by the absence of efficient, stable, and scalable photoelectrodes. Herein, we report a metal-halide perovskite-based photoanode for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. With a planar structure using mesoporous carbon as a hole-conducting layer, the precious metal-free FAPbBr3 photovoltaic device achieves 9.2% solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiency and 1.4 V open-circuit voltage. The photovoltaic architecture successfully applies to build a monolithic photoanode with the FAPbBr3 absorber, carbon/graphite conductive protection layers, and NiFe catalyst layers for water oxidation. The photoanode delivers ultralow onset potential below 0 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode and high applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 8.5%. Stable operation exceeding 100 h under solar illumination by applying ultraviolet-filter protection. The photothermal investigation verifies the performance boost in perovskite photoanode by photothermal effect. This study is significant in guiding the development of photovoltaic material-based photoelectrodes for solar fuel applications.
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| 8. |
- Cheng, Haoliang, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic Layer Deposition of SnO2 as an Electron Transport Material for Solid-State P-type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 5:10, s. 12022-12028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tin oxide (SnO2) as an electron transport material was prepared by atomic layer deposition in dye-sensitized NiO films to fabricate solid-state p-type dye-sensitized solar cells using two organic dyes PB6 and TIP as photosensitizers. Due to the excellent electron mobility and satisfactory penetration of SnO2 material into the NiO film, a record photocurrent density over 1 mA cm–2 was achieved with a power conversion efficiency of 0.14%. The effect of an inserted Al2O3 layer between the dye-sensitized NiO and SnO2 layer on photovoltaic performance of the devices was also investigated. The results suggest that the charge recombination between NiO and SnO2 can be significantly suppressed, showing prolonged charge lifetime and enhanced photovoltage.
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| 9. |
- Co, Vanessa Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Schisandrin B Suppresses Colon Cancer Growth by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis : Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential
- 2024
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Ingår i: ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science. ; 7:3, s. 863-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colon cancer is among the most lethal and prevalent malignant tumors in the world, and the lack of effective therapies highlights the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Schisandrin B (Sch B), a lignan extracted from the fruit ofSchisandra chinensis, has been reported for its anticancer properties. However, to date, no studies have been done to characterize the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumorigenic effects of Sch B in colon cancer. This study aimed to explore the antitumorigenic effects of Sch B in colon cancer and to understand the underlying therapeutic mechanism. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanism underlying the antitumorigenic effects of Sch B on human colon cancer cells was performed using a combination of Raman spectroscopy, RNA-seq, computational docking, and molecular biological experiments. The in vivo efficacy was evaluated by a mouse xenograft model. Sch B reduced cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines. Raman spectroscopy, computational, RNA-seq, and molecular and cellular studies revealed that Sch B activated unfolded protein responses by interacting with CHOP and upregulating CHOP, which thereby induced apoptosis. CHOP knockdown alleviated the Sch B-induced reduction in cell viability and apoptosis. Sch B reduced colon tumor growth in vivo. Our findings demonstrated that Sch B induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. These results provided an essential background for clinical trials examining the effects of Sch B in patients with colon cancer.
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| 10. |
- Geng, Xinjian, et al.
(författare)
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Can photoluminescence quenching be a predictor for perovskite solar cell efficiencies?
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 25:34, s. 22607-22613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bromide-based perovskites have large bandgaps, making them attractive for tandem solar cells developed to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit. A perovskite solar cell architecture employs transporting layers to improve charge extraction and transport. Due to the wide variety of materials and preparation methods, it is critical to devise fast screening methods to rank transporting layers. Herein, we evaluate perovskite fluorescence quenching followed by time- and energy-resolved photoluminescence (TER-PL) and analyse the intensity dependence as a potential method to qualify charge-transporting layers rapidly. The capability of the technique was evaluated with TiO2/FAPbBr3 and SnO2/FAPbBr3, the most commonly used electron transporting layers, which were prepared using standard protocols to make best-performing devices. The results revealed that TiO2 is the most effective quencher due to the higher density of states in the conduction band, consistent with Marcus-Gerischer's theory. However, record-performance devices use SnO2 as the electron transport layer. This shows that the relationship between photoluminescence quenching and device performance is not bidirectional. Therefore, additional measurements like conductivity are also needed to provide reliable feedback for device performance.
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| 11. |
- Geng, Xinjian, et al.
(författare)
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Transient Energy-Resolved Photoluminescence Study of Excitons and Free Carriers on FAPbBr3 and FAPbBr3/SnO2 Interfaces
- 2023
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 127:6, s. 3085-3092
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead bromide perovskites have a larger band gap and are significantly more stable than their iodine counterparts, offering the perspective for higher voltage, tandem photovoltaics exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit, and shorter time to deployment of photovoltaics. However, their efficiencies still need to be rivaling the iodine ones. Herein, the photophysics of FAPbBr(3) and the ones behind electron transfer from FAPbBr(3) to SnO2, one of the most effective electron transporting materials (ETMs), are reported. Time- and energy-resolved photoluminescence studies revealed the existence of two emitting states in the perovskite, which were assigned to bounded excitons and free carriers. SnO2 extracted electrons from excitons and free carriers, with a selectivity related to the SnO2 surface treatment. This new insight helps explain SnO2's unique qualities as an ETM to produce photovoltaics with reduced voltage losses. Furthermore, this study illustrates the importance of performing time- and energy-resolved photoluminescence to capture the intricacies of the photophysical process.
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| 12. |
- Hao, Wende, et al.
(författare)
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Vitronectin : a promising breast cancer serum biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer in patients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tumor Biology. - : Springer. - 1010-4283 .- 1423-0380. ; 37:7, s. 8909-8916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, identification of new biomarkers for early diagnosis and detection will improve the clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. In the present study, we determined serum levels of vitronectin (VN) in 93 breast cancer patients, 30 benign breast lesions, 9 precancerous lesions, and 30 healthy individuals by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum VN level was significantly higher in patients with stage 0-I primary breast cancer than in healthy individuals, patients with benign breast lesion or precancerous lesions, as well as those with breast cancer of higher stages. Serum VN level was significantly and negatively correlated with tumor size, lymph node status, and clinical stage (p < 0.05 in all cases). In addition, VN displayed higher area under curve (AUC) value (0.73, 95 % confidence interval (CI) [0.62-0.84]) than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (0.64, 95 % CI [0.52-0.77]) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) (0.69, 95 % CI [0.58-0.81]) when used to distinguish stage 0-I cancer and normal control. Importantly, the combined use of three biomarkers yielded an improvement in receiver operating characteristic curve with an AUC of 0.83, 95 % CI [0.74-0.92]. Taken together, our current study showed for the first time that serum VN is a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer when combined with CEA and CA15-3.
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| 13. |
- Liu, Yawen
(författare)
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Dimethyl-sulfoxide-assisted improvement in the crystallization of lead-acetate-based perovskites for high-performance solar cells
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Organic lead trihalide perovskite materials have attracted considerable interest for their successful application as light absorbers in efficient photovoltaic cells. Several lead sources have been used for thepreparation of perovskites, among which lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2) is an important candidate. However, simply mixing Pb(Ac)2 and methylamine iodide in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent leads to poor perovskite morphology, which is disadvantageous for the device performance. Herein, we used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent additive to improve the quality of Pb(Ac)2-based perovskite films. We observed that using 5.0% DMSO could significantly enhance the crystallinity of the perovskite film with enlarged domain size. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the relevant perovskite Solar cells (PSCs) was drastically enhanced from 12.88 to 16.59% (on average), with simultaneous improvement in the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor. A champion PCE of 17.06% with negligible hysteresis was achieved for PSCs prepared using 5.0% DMSO as the solvent additive. Our results indicate that using DMSO for the preparation of a Pb(Ac)2-based perovskite film is an effective way to fabricate high-performance PSCs
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| 14. |
- Liu, Yawen, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and Stable FAPbBr(3) Perovskite Solar Cells via Interface Modification by a Low-Dimensional Perovskite Layer
- 2021
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 4:9, s. 9276-9282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead bromide perovskite with high bandgap and good stability has aroused broad interest for utilization in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high photovoltage, especially as a candidate for the front cell of tandem solar cells. However, the efficiency of lead bromide PSCs is still much lower than the standard lead iodide PSCs, and the defects in the perovskite are one of the main limiting factors hindering device performance. The construction of a 2D/3D perovskite interface is an effective way to passivate the interfacial defects and achieve efficient and stable PSCs. Herein, a facile and effective phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) treatment method was applied to build a 2D/3D perovskite interface in FAPbBr(3) solar cells. An ultrathin layer of 2D PEA(2)PbBr(4) perovskite was successfully fabricated on the surface of 3D FAPbBr(3) perovskite by depositing the PEABr solution on the 3D perovskite films. The 2D perovskite layer significantly passivated the interfacial defects, leading to enhancement of power conversion efficiency from 7.7% to 9.4% and fill factor from 67.6% to 77.6%. Moreover, the hydrophobic alkyl chain in the PEA cation improved the moisture tolerance of the perovskite and significantly increases the solar cell stability. Additionally, the PEABr treatment strategy was successfully utilized for preparing semitransparent 2D/3D FAPbBr(3) perovskite solar cells.
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| 15. |
- Liu, Yawen
(författare)
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High Bandgap FAPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells : Preparation, Characterization, and Application
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High bandgap lead-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained interest as top cells for tandem solar cells and photoelectrochemical applications due to their suitable energy bands. However, the PSCs have limited stability and performance, and their fabrication in a glovebox and utilization of expensive metal contacts increase the cost and limit their application. Therefore, this thesis aims to enhance the efficiency and stability of high bandgap formamidinium lead tribromide PSCs (FAP-bBr3-PSCs), simplify the preparation process, reduce their cost, and explore their application in energy conversion by optimization operation processes in an ambient environment. To achieve perovskite films of superior quality featuring large crystal sizes and high solar-to-electricity power conversion efficiency (PCE), we investigated various techniques, including adding additives and solvent engineering, in preparation of the perovskite. We also built a 2D/3D perovskite interface to passivate the interfacial defects and increase the PCE and stability of the PSCs. In addition, we compared the performance of different dopant-free hole transport materials (HTMs). We found that the polymer P3HT presented superior charge extraction from the perovskite, and high charge transport, resulting in a champion solar cell PCE of 9.4% and improved operational stability. To enhance the stability and decrease the cost of the PSCs, we replaced the hole extraction layer and precious metal electrodes with a carbon electrode. We then used the device to build a monolithic photoanode with a NiFe catalyst layer for direct photo-driven oxygen evolution. To conclude, this thesis focused on improving the efficiency, stability, and cost-effectiveness of FAPbBr3-PSCs. We achieved the targets by optimizing the fabrication process, passivating interfacial defects, and using alternative materials for the hole extraction layer and electrodes. The results suggest that the high bandgap FAPbBr3 perovskite material shows promising applications in solar and photoelec-trochemical cells.
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| 16. |
- Liu, Yawen, et al.
(författare)
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Solvent Engineering of Perovskite Crystallization for High Band Gap FAPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared in Ambient Condition
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 6:13, s. 7102-7108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High band gap FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous interest in recent years due to the high open circuit voltage and good stability. Commonly a two-step method is used to prepare the FAPbBr3 perovskite film. Here a mixed solvent approach for the second step is introduced. Formamidinium bromide (FABr) in 2-propanol and methanol mixture was applied in the second step, which resulted in favorable properties such as suitable solubility, high-quality crystallization, large grain size, improved charge extraction properties, and suppressed non-radiative recombination processes, and further enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 4.06 to 7.87%. As previously reported, methylammonium chloride (MACl) can help to improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite. To further prove the versatility of such a mixed solvent strategy and enhance the photovoltage performance, a small amount of MACl was added to the FABr solution with mixed solvents, and a high PCE of 9.23% was achieved under ambient conditions.
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| 17. |
- Liu, Yawen, et al.
(författare)
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Solvent Engineering of Perovskite Crystallization for High Performance FAPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared in Ambient Condition
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted tremendous interest in recent years due to the high open circuit voltage and good stability. Commonly a step method is used to prepare the FAPbBr3 perovskite film. Here a mixed solvent approach for the second step is introduced. Formamidinium bromide (FABr) in 2-propanol (IPA)and Methanol (MeOH) mixture was applied in the second step, which resulted in favorable properties such as suitable solubility, high-quality crystallization, large grainsize, improved charge extraction properties and suppressed non-radiative recombination processes, and further enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 4.06% to 7.87%. As previously reported, methylammonium chloride (MACl) can help to improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite. To further prove the versatility of such a mixed solvent strategy and enhance the photovoltage performance,a small amount of MACl was added to the FABr solution with mixed solvents, and a high PCE of 9.23% was achieved under ambient conditions.
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| 18. |
- Liu, Yawen, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Dopant-Free Hole Transport Materials on n–i–p FAPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells under Ambient Processed
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dopant-free organic hole transport materials (HTMs) remain highly desirable for stable and efficient ni-p perovskite solar cells but are rarely applied in formamidinium lead-bromide (FAPbBr3) underambient processing. Herein, we compare four dopant-free HTMs on FAPbBr3- perovskite solar cells (FAPbBr3-PSCs) according to their structure-property relationship. Among these, P3HT presents higher hole mobility, lower interface trap density, and lower nonradiative recombination, resulting in superior charge extraction and transport. The optimized device utilizing dopant-free P3HT shows a high open circuit voltage of 1.47 V and a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.38% with greatly improved operational stability, making it among the highest performance in FAPbBr3-PSCs based ondopant-free HTMs. Also, to further improve the stability of P3HT- FAPbBr3 solar cells, the lower cost Carbon electrode was applied to replace the Au, and the resultant carbon-PSCs presented an impressive PCE of 8.9% with a high voltage of 1.44 V. It also keeps excellent stability that almost no degradation nearly one year.
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| 19. |
- Lu, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Surplus energy utilization of spent lithium-ion batteries for high-profit organolithiums
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbon Energy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2637-9368. ; 5:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is challenging to efficiently and economically recycle many lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the low valuation of commodity metals and materials, such as LiFePO4. There are millions of tons of spent LIBs where the barrier to recycling is economical, and to make recycling more feasible, it is required that the value of the processed recycled material exceeds the value of raw commodity materials. The presented research illustrates improved profitability and economics for recycling spent LIBs by utilizing the surplus energy in lithiated graphite to drive the preparation of organolithiums to add value to the recycled lithium materials. This study methodology demonstrates that the surplus energy of lithiated graphite obtained from spent LIBs can be utilized to prepare high-value organolithiums, thereby significantly improving the economic profitability of LIB recycling. Organolithiums (R–O–Li and R–Li) were prepared using alkyl alcohol (R–OH) and alkyl bromide (R–Br) as substrates, where R includes varying hindered alkyl hydrocarbons. The organolithiums extracted from per kilogram of recycled LIBs can increase the economic value between $29.5 and $226.5 kg−1 cell. The value of the organolithiums is at least 5.4 times the total theoretical value of spent materials, improving the profitability of recycling LIBs over traditional pyrometallurgical ($0.86 kg−1 cell), hydrometallurgical ($1.00 kg−1 cell), and physical direct recycling methods ($5.40 kg−1 cell).
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| 20. |
- Yu, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Recent Development of Copper-Based Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced healthcare materials. - 2192-2640 .- 2192-2659. ; 13:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Copper (Cu), an indispensable trace element within the human body, serving as an intrinsic constituent of numerous natural enzymes, carrying out vital biological functions. Furthermore, nanomaterials exhibiting enzyme-mimicking properties, commonly known as nanozymes, possess distinct advantages over their natural enzyme counterparts, including cost-effectiveness, enhanced stability, and adjustable performance. These advantageous attributes have captivated the attention of researchers, inspiring them to devise various Cu-based nanomaterials, such as copper oxide, Cu metal-organic framework, and CuS, and explore their potential in enzymatic catalysis. This comprehensive review encapsulates the most recent advancements in Cu-based nanozymes, illuminating their applications in the realm of biochemistry. Initially, it is delved into the emulation of typical enzyme types achieved by Cu-based nanomaterials. Subsequently, the latest breakthroughs concerning Cu-based nanozymes in biochemical sensing, bacterial inhibition, cancer therapy, and neurodegenerative diseases treatment is discussed. Within this segment, it is also explored the modulation of Cu-based nanozyme activity. Finally, a visionary outlook for the future development of Cu-based nanozymes is presented.
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| 21. |
- Zhang, Shunming, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory potential of diet and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease : a prospective cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 76:8, s. 1125-1132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectives: Diet is an important factor that can exacerbate or ameliorate chronic inflammation, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no prospective study has yet investigated the relation between the inflammatory potential of diet and NAFLD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of NAFLD. Subject/methods: The study included 12,877 participants aged over 18 years (mean [standard deviation]: 39.4 [11.5] years). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline through food frequency questionnaires. Using white blood cell count as the inflammatory marker, we newly created a dietary inflammatory potential score by reduced rank regression and stepwise linear regression. NAFLD was identified by abdominal ultrasound during yearly health checkups. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between the dietary inflammatory potential score and the risk of NAFLD. Results: During a median follow-up period of 4.2 years, 2744 first incident cases of NAFLD occurred. After adjustment for potential confounders, the multivariable hazards ratios (95% confidence intervals) for NAFLD across increasing quartiles of the dietary inflammatory potential score were 1.00 (reference), 1.01 (0.90, 1.13), 1.15 (1.03, 1.29), and 1.26 (1.13, 1.41), with P for trend <0.0001. This positive association appeared greater in men than in women (P for interaction = 0.02). Conclusions: Our results indicate that a dietary pattern with high inflammatory potential is associated with a higher risk of NAFLD. Such findings provide the support that inflammation may be a potential mechanism linking diet to the risk of NAFLD.
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| 22. |
- Zou, Xianshao, et al.
(författare)
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Photophysical Study of Electron and Hole Trapping in TiO2 and TiO2/ Au Nanoparticles through a Selective Electron Injection
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 126:50, s. 21467-21475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photophysics surrounding the electron and hole trapping in TiO2 do not have a scientific consensus. Herein, we studied the steady-state photoluminescence and time-resolved spectroscopy time-resolved photoluminescence indicates that the electrons from bandgap excitation decay slower (similar to 30 ps) than in TiO2 (< 24 ps). We conclude this as a result of the band bending passivation effect on the surface electron traps. Meanwhile, electron trapping is proved as the dominant surface depopulation process because of the easy-fill characteristics of surface hole traps even under low excitation density, which also interprets the slow surface hole trapping (similar to 2 ns) in TiO2. Through plasmon-assisted electron injection, we distinguished the electron and hole behaviors at varied photon fluences and then obtained the intrinsic bulk trapping of electrons and holes in the similar to 50 and similar to 400 ps time range, respectively.
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| 23. |
- Zou, Xianshao, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast Infrared-to-Visible Photon Upconversion on Plasmon/TiO2 Solid Films
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 14:27, s. 6255-6262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical upconversion via a multiphoton absorption process converts incoherent low-energy photons to shorter wavelengths. In this contribution, we report a solid-state thin film for infrared-to-visible upconversion composed of plasmonic/TiO2 interfaces. When excited at λ = 800 nm, three photons are absorbed, leading to the excitation of TiO2 trap states into an emissive state in the visible domain. The plasmonic nanoparticle enhances the light absorption capabilities of the semiconductor, increasing emission efficiency by 20 times. We demonstrate that the plasmonic nanoparticle only changes the optical absorption of the semiconductor; i.e., the process is purely photonic. The process occurs in the ultrafast domain (<10 ps), contrasting with molecular triplet-triplet exciton annihilation, the commonly used method in photon upconversion, in the nano- to microsecond time scales. The process utilizes pre-existing trap states within the semiconductor bandgap and involves three-photon absorption.
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