| 1. |
- Meng, Lu, et al.
(författare)
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Study on the safety performance of an offshore stationary lead-cooled fast reactor design loaded with nitride fuel
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a new generation of reactor type, lead-cooled fast reactors, have better safety behaviors, higher reliability, and better economic performance, aiming at island power supply through nuclear energy, seawater desalination, optimization of nuclear submarines, etc. Its evolution of nuclear waste and the advantages of nuclear non-proliferation provide a good prospect for development. This paper studied the safety performances of an offshore stationary lead-cooled reactor (OSLR) proposed in the National Key Research and Development Program of China. The transient analysis code SAS4A/SASSYS-1 was used to perform simulations of unprotected over-power accidents (UTOP) and unprotected loss of heat sink (ULOHS) accidents. The results indicated that offshore stationary lead-cooled reactors can withstand a maximum positive reactivity insertion of 0.5$ within 1 s during UTOP accidents without exceeding the working limits of the core. In ULOHS accidents, the inherent safety characteristics of OSLR allowed it to withstand 75 % heat removal capability of IHX. The simulation results were used to analyze the response of this stationary offshore reactor to transient accident conditions and the limits of its ability to withstand accidents in order to provide reference data for subsequent design and ideas for possible development of natural cycle lead-cooled reactors in the future.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Guang, et al.
(författare)
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NeuroIV : Neuromorphic Vision Meets Intelligent Vehicle Towards Safe Driving With a New Database and Baseline Evaluations
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 23:2, s. 1171-1183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuromorphic vision sensors such as the Dynamic and Active-pixel Vision Sensor (DAVIS) using silicon retina are inspired by biological vision, they generate streams of asynchronous events to indicate local log-intensity brightness changes. Their properties of high temporal resolution, low-bandwidth, lightweight computation, and low-latency make them a good fit for many applications of motion perception in the intelligent vehicle. However, as a younger and smaller research field compared to classical computer vision, neuromorphic vision is rarely connected with the intelligent vehicle. For this purpose, we present three novel datasets recorded with DAVIS sensors and depth sensor for the distracted driving research and focus on driver drowsiness detection, driver gaze-zone recognition, and driver hand-gesture recognition. To facilitate the comparison with classical computer vision, we record the RGB, depth and infrared data with a depth sensor simultaneously. The total volume of this dataset has 27360 samples. To unlock the potential of neuromorphic vision on the intelligent vehicle, we utilize three popular event-encoding methods to convert asynchronous event slices to event-frames and adapt state-of-the-art convolutional architectures to extensively evaluate their performances on this dataset. Together with qualitative and quantitative results, this work provides a new database and baseline evaluations named NeuroIV in cross-cutting areas of neuromorphic vision and intelligent vehicle.
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| 3. |
- Harrison, Tabitha A., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study by colorectal carcinoma subtype
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 78:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over 50 genetic variants have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), yet these variants represent only a fraction of the total estimated heritability. CRC is a heterogenous disease with diverse tumor etiology. Assessing genetic risk in molecular subtypes may help to identify novel loci and characterize genetic risk among tumor subtypes. We used microsatellite instability (MSI), an established CRC classifier with etiological and therapeutic relevance, to define CRC subtypes for GWAS analyses. We conducted a case-case analysis to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association of genome-wide variants with microsatellite stable (MSS) versus unstable (MSI) carcinomas. We ran an inverse-variance weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis across GWAS in a discovery set of 4,163 population-based CRC cases with harmonized microsatellite instability (MSI) marker and imputed genotype data. For each analysis, we used log-additive logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and principal components to account for population substructure. We then followed up with replication of 102 SNPs that reached p-values less than 5x10-6 in 1,698 cases. A total of 845 (20.3%) cancer cases were microsatellite unstable in the discovery population and 174 (10.2%) were unstable in the replication population. No variants reached the genome-wide significance level of 5x10-8 in the discovery set. However, we identified two variants that reached a Bonferroni corrected p-value of 4.0x10-4 in the replication set. This included one variant in MLH1 (Replication: OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.53-1.98, p=1.63x10-5; Discovery+Replication: OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.37-1.54, p=9.76x10-11) and one variant in LOC105377645 (Replication: OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.49-1.94, p=5.13x10-5; Discovery+Replication: OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.37-1.54, p=9.76 x 10-11). The MLH1 gene is a DNA mismatch repair gene implicated in Lynch Syndrome, the hallmark of which is microsatellite instability. This is the first genome-wide scan to identify a common variant in MLH1 that is associated with CRC. This variant (minor allele frequency, MAF = 23% in this all European ancestry population) is located in the 5'-untranslated region of MLH1 and is thought to act as a long-range regulator of DCLK3, a potential tumor driver gene. The second variant, located in LOC105377645 with an MAF of 22%, is in an uncharacterized region of the genome and has not previously been implicated in cancer development. These findings suggest that accounting for molecular heterogeneity is important for discovery and characterization of genetic variants associated with CRC risk. We plan to run polytomous regression analyses, increase our sample size, and further investigate CRC subtypes by CIMP, BRAF mutation, KRAS mutation status.
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| 4. |
- Sun, Huaiwei, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers of the water use efficiency changes in China during 1982–2015
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 799
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the drivers of water use efficiency (WUE), a key metric of water resources management, and its changes over eight regions across China from 1982 to 2015 based on gross primary production (GPP) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) datasets. The order of seasonal change of WUE from large to small is autumn, summer, spring and winter. The drivers include seven variables, air temperature, specific humidity, precipitation, short-wave radiation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), soil moisture and CO2. Our analysis suggests that the sensitivity of annual average NDVI to WUE changes was high nationwide, but there were some differences in seasonal scales. The annual average contribution of air temperature and CO2 affecting WUE change was relatively high in China's largest area (SW, SE, E, NP). Other influencing factors were only relatively high in the local area. Seasonally, NDVI is the driving factor with the highest contribution rate in summer and autumn for NC and NW region. The seasonal contribution rates of driving factors in other regions are significantly different. For the study period (1982–2015), the shrubland ecosystem had the highest annual WUE followed by forest and cropland. The WUE of the farmland ecosystem was higher than that of the grassland ecosystem in most areas.
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| 5. |
- Sun, Huaiwei, et al.
(författare)
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The altered drivers of evapotranspiration trends around the recent warming hiatus in China
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Climatology. - : Wiley. - 0899-8418 .- 1097-0088. ; 42:16, s. 8405-8422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on the trends and the causes of variation in actual evapotranspiration (AET) around the warming hiatus over China by a comprehensive analysis applying various temporal–spatial methods. It is observed that the annual AET showed a different trend around 2000 for China as a whole. By employing segmented regression analysis for detecting warming hiatus points, high temporal inconsistency can be found in eight climatic regions of China. The impacts of meteorological variables on AET were further identified by affecting the intensity and relative change of meteorological factors. AET was highly correlated (p <.01) with solar radiation in the southeast (R = 0.80) and air specific humidity in the northwest areas (R = 0.83). AET changes presented the highest sensitivity to specific humidity in Northwest before 2006 and in north central China after 2003, with sensitivity coefficients of 1.48 and 1.74, respectively. Three variables, including air specific humidity (with an average contribution rate of ~17% in the northwest), short-wave radiation and air temperature, can be the main factors that lead to the changes in AET. The specific meteorological factors varied from region to region: the changes in AET can be ascribed to the increased wind and short-wave radiation in north central China and east China, the decreased air temperature in Tibetan Plateau, the increased specific humidity in southeast China during warming hiatus, and so on. After the warming hiatus occurred, the dominant factor of AET trends changed from air specific humidity to short-wave radiation and other factors. Generally, air specific humidity and air temperature have played leading roles in AET trends during the past 30 years.
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