| 1. |
- Björk, J, et al.
(författare)
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Empirical and philosophical analysis of physicians' judgments of medical indications
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-7509 .- 1758-101X. ; 11:4, s. 190-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether physicians who felt strongly for or against a treatment, in this case a moderately life prolonging non-curative cancer treatment, differed in their estimation of medical indication for this treatment as compared to physicians who had no such sentiment. A further aim was to investigate how the notion of medical indication was conceptualised. Methods A random sample of GPs, oncologists and pulmonologists (n = 646) comprised the study group. Respondents were randomised to receive either version of a case presentation; in one version, the patient had smoked and in the other version she had never smoked. The physicians were labelled value-neutral (65%) and value-influenced (35%) on the basis of their attitude towards the treatment. Results In the ‘value-influenced’ group, there was a significant difference in the estimation of medical indication for treatment depending upon whether the patient had smoked (50% (95% CI: 41–59) or never smoked (67% (95% CI: 58–76) (Chi-2 = 5.8, df = 1; p = 0.016)). There was no such difference in the ‘value-neutral’ group. Conclusion This study shows that compared to value-neutral physicians, value-influenced physicians are more likely to base decisions of medical indication on medically irrelevant factors (in this case: the patient’s smoking status). Moreover, medical indication is used in an ambiguous manner. Hence, we recommend that the usage of ‘medical indication’ be disciplined.
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| 4. |
- Lindblad, A, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous deep sedation, physician-assisted suicide, and euthanasia in Huntington's disorder
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of palliative nursing. - : Mark Allen Group. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 16:11, s. 527-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the attitudes among Swedish physicians and the general public towards continuous deep sedation (CDS) as an alternative treatment for a competent, not imminently dying patient with Huntington’s disorder requesting physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia. Design: A questionnaire was distributed to 1200 physicians in Sweden and 1201 individuals in Stockholm. It consisted of three parts: 1) A vignette about a competent patient with Huntington’s disease requesting PAS. When no longer competent, relatives request euthanasia on behalf of the patient. Responders were asked about their attitudes towards these requests and whether CDS would be an acceptable alternative. 2) General questions about PAS and euthanasia. 3) Background variables. Results: The response rate was 56% (physicians) and 52% (general public). The majority of the general public and a fairly large proportion of physicians reported more liberal views on CDS than are expressed in current Swedish and international recommendations. Conclusion: In light of the results, we suggest that there is a need for a broader discussion about the recommendations for CDS, with a special focus on the needs of patients with progressive neurodegenerative disorders.
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| 5. |
- Lynöe, N, et al.
(författare)
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[How to define death help?]
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke. - : Norwegian Medical Association. - 0807-7096. ; 131:5, s. 443-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Lynøe, N, et al.
(författare)
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Value-impregnated factual claims may undermine medical decision-making
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-7509 .- 1758-101X. ; 13:3, s. 151-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical decisions are expected to be based on factual evidence and official values derived from healthcare law and soft laws such as regulations and guidelines. But sometimes personal values instead influence clinical decisions. One way in which personal values may influence medical decision-making is by their affecting factual claims or assumptions made by healthcare providers. Such influence, which we call ‘value-impregnation,’ may be concealed to all concerned stakeholders. We suggest as a hypothesis that healthcare providers’ decision making is sometimes affected by value-impregnated factual claims or assumptions. If such claims influence e.g. doctor–patient encounters, this will likely have a negative impact on the provision of correct information to patients and on patients’ influence on decision making regarding their own care. In this paper, we explore the idea that value-impregnated factual claims influence healthcare decisions through a series of medical examples. We suggest that more research is needed to further examine whether healthcare staff’s personal values influence clinical decision-making.
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| 17. |
- Flodin, T, et al.
(författare)
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[Guidance in ethical balancing]
- 2009
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 106:45, s. 2947-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 21. |
- Kullgren, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Practices and attitudes among Swedish psychiatrists regarding the ethics of compulsory treatment.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 93:5, s. 389-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few empirical studies have examined the attitudes and ethical beliefs of psychiatrists. In this study, 328 members of the Swedish Psychiatric Association were randomly selected to respond to a questionnaire containing three clinical vignettes examining involuntary hospitalization, other compulsory interventions, and restraint. The questionnaire also contained 16 controversial statements and items on the abuse of psychiatry. A 60% response rate was obtained. Psychiatrists' responses were influenced not only by the severity of and risks associated with the patient's disorder, but also by family pressure which affected the decision-making process. Female psychiatrists less often suggested the use of physical restraints and the compulsory use of ECT. Sexual misconduct, and also the inadequate treatment of refugees, were the most frequently reported forms of abuse of psychiatry.
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- Leijonhufvud, M, et al.
(författare)
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[Offer sedation when necessary]
- 2011
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 108:3, s. 97-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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