| 1. |
- Hammaréus, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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Wall shear stress measured with 4D flow CMR correlates with biomarkers of inflammation and collagen synthesis in mild-to-moderate ascending aortic dilation and tricuspid aortic valves
- 2024
-
Ingår i: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Understanding the mechanisms underlying ascending aortic dilation is imperative for refined risk stratification of these patients, particularly among incidentally identified patients, most commonly presenting with tricuspid valves. The aim of this study was to explore associations between ascending aortic haemodynamics, assessed using four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow CMR), and circulating biomarkers in aortic dilation. Methods and results Forty-seven cases with aortic dilation (diameter >= 40 mm) and 50 sex-and age-matched controls (diameter < 40 mm), all with tricuspid aortic valves, underwent 4D flow CMR and venous blood sampling. Associations between flow displacement, wall shear stress (WSS), and oscillatory shear index in the ascending aorta derived from 4D flow CMR, and biomarkers including interleukin-6, collagen type I alpha 1 chain, metalloproteinases (MMPs), and inhibitors of MMPs derived from blood plasma, were investigated. Cases with dilation exhibited lower peak systolic WSS, higher flow displacement, and higher mean oscillatory shear index compared with controls without dilation. No significant differences in biomarkers were observed between the groups. Correlations between haemodynamics and biomarkers were observed, particularly between maximum time-averaged WSS and interleukin-6 (r = 0.539, P < 0.001), and maximum oscillatory shear index and collagen type I alpha 1 chain (r = -0.575, P < 0.001 in cases). Conclusion Significant associations were discovered between 4D flow CMR derived whole-cardiac cycle WSS and circulating biomarkers representing inflammation and collagen synthesis, suggesting an intricate interplay between haemodynamics and the processes of inflammation and collagen synthesis in patients with early aortic dilation and tricuspid aortic valves.
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| 2. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andréasson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Forensic mitochondrial coding region analysis for increased discrimination using pyrosequencing technology
- 2007
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 1:1, s. 35-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is very useful when nuclear DNA analysis fails due to degradation or insufficient amounts of DNA in forensic analysis. However, mtDNA analysis has a lower discrimination power compared to what can be obtained by nuclear DNA (nDNA) analysis, potentially resulting in multiple individuals showing identical mtDNA types in the HVI/HVII region. In this study, the increase in discrimination by analysis of mitochondrial coding regions has been evaluated for identical or similar HVI/HVII sequences. A pyrosequencing-based system for coding region analysis, comprising 17 pyrosequencing reactions performed on 15 PCR fragments, was utilised. This assay was evaluated in 135 samples, resulting in an average read length of 81 nucleotides in the pyrosequencing analysis. In the sample set, a total of 52 coding region SNPs were identified, of which 18 were singletons. In a group of 60 samples with 0 or 1 control region difference from the revised Cambridge reference sequence (rCRS), only 12 samples could not be resolved by at least two differences using the pyrosequencing assay. Thus, the use of this pyrosequencing-based coding region assay has the potential to substantially increase the discriminatory power of mtDNA analysis.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bronge, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of four novel T cell autoantigens and personal autoreactive profiles in multiple sclerosis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 8:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which pathological T cells, likely autoimmune, play a key role. Despite its central importance, the autoantigen repertoire remains largely uncharacterized. Using a novel in vitro antigen delivery method combined with the Human Protein Atlas library, we screened for T cell autoreactivity against 63 CNS-expressed proteins. We identified four previously unreported autoantigens in MS: fatty acid-binding protein 7, prokineticin-2, reticulon-3, and synaptosomal-associated protein 91, which were verified to induce interferon-gamma responses in MS in two cohorts. Autoreactive profiles were heterogeneous, and reactivity to several autoantigens was MS-selective. Autoreactive T cells were predominantly CD4(+) and human leukocyte antigen-DR restricted. Mouse immunization induced antigen-specific responses and CNS leukocyte infiltration. This represents one of the largest systematic efforts to date in the search for MS autoantigens, demonstrates the heterogeneity of autoreactive profiles, and highlights promising targets for future diagnostic tools and immunomodulatory therapies in MS.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Einarsdottir, Sigrun, et al.
(författare)
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Deficiency of SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses after vaccination in long-term allo-HSCT survivors translates into abated humoral immunity.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Blood advances. - : American Society of Hematology. - 2473-9537 .- 2473-9529. ; 6:9, s. 2723-2730
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for hematological diseases are at risk of severe disease and death from COVID-19. To determine the safety and immunogenicity of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines, samples from 50 infection-naive allo-HSCT recipients (median, 92 months from transplantation, range, 7-340 months) and 39 healthy controls were analyzed for serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the receptor binding domain (RBD) within spike 1 (S1) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; anti-RBD-S1 IgG) and for SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity, reflected by induction of T-cell-derived interferon-γ in whole blood stimulated ex vivo with 15-mer SI-spanning peptides with 11 amino acid overlapS1-spanning peptides. The rate of seroconversion was not significantly lower in allo-transplanted patients than in controls with 24% (12/50) and 6% (3/50) of patients remaining seronegative after the first and second vaccination, respectively. However, 58% of transplanted patients lacked T-cell responses against S1 peptides after 1 vaccination compared with 19% of controls (odds ratio [OR] 0.17; P = .009, Fisher's exact test) with a similar trend after the second vaccination where 28% of patients were devoid of detectable specific T-cell immunity, compared with 6% of controls (OR 0.18; P = .02, Fisher's exact test). Importantly, lack of T-cell reactivity to S1 peptides after vaccination heralded substandard levels (<100 BAU/mL) of anti-RBD-S1 IgG 5 to 6 months after the second vaccine dose (OR 8.2; P = .007, Fisher's exact test). We conclude that although allo-HSCT recipients achieve serum anti-RBD-S1 IgG against SARS-CoV-2 after 2 vaccinations, a deficiency of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity may subsequently translate into insufficient humoral responses.
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| 9. |
- Francardo, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 22 - Rodent Models of Treatment-Related Complications in Parkinson Disease
- 2014. - 2nd
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders : Genetics and Models - Genetics and Models. - 9780124051959 ; , s. 373-386
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dopamine replacement therapy effectively relieves the typical motor features of Parkinson disease (PD), but it can cause complications that limit its utility. Dyskinesia (abnormal involuntary movements) and motor fluctuations (abrupt changes in the patients' motor status) occur in most PD patients after a few years of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-. l-alanine (l-DOPA) pharmacotherapy. Animal models reproducing these motor complications can be obtained in mice and rats if the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway is severely damaged. Within the large arsenal of neurotoxic and genetic models of PD, rodents with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions have the best characteristics for the sake of modeling l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. When treated chronically with high doses of l-DOPA, these rodent models may also display motor response alterations reminiscent of the wearing-off fluctuations that occur in PD patients. Because of research performed on these animal models, our understanding of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia has made great advances, and several pharmacological approaches to treatment have been recently identified and successfully tested in proof-of-concept trials in PD patients. It is now well recognized that dopaminergic therapies for PD also cause nonmotor fluctuations (e.g., abrupt changes in mood and cognitive performance) and impulse control disorders. Valid rodent models of these nonmotor complications need to be developed as an important tool for basic and translational research on the cognitive and psychiatric features of PD.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Planering och utformning för ett ökat gående : Litteraturstudie, expertseminarium och trafik- och stadsplanerares syn på utemiljöns förutsättningar för gångtrafik
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trafikverket (The Swedish Transport Administration) provides funding for the project"Traffic Planning to Support Increased Walking – Systematic Improvement of Conditions forTravelling by Foot ". The project studies how pedestrians choose their route, why somephenomena become obstacles/are perceived as risky or, on the contrary, encourage walking.This report, the first in the project, includes a literature review, interviews with traffic andurban planners in local government, and an expert seminar. The findings of the three studieswill then serve as a basis for further work.Interviews of local government contacts and the expert seminar are considered to be verysuccessful working methods to find out about the opinions and experience of those currentlyworking with walking-related issues. All participants have been willing to assist and to sharetheir work and experience and were aware of the role of walking in the overall transportsystem, and its part in a sustainable transport system.The study has led to the conclusion that the concepts choice of means of transport – choice ofroute –built environment (for pedestrians) have been shown to be key in the sphere ofplanning for pedestrians and walking as a mode of transport. It is also of key importance topromote walking as a mode of transport where there are positive effects on health.Society needs to give greater scope to walking-related issues and to establish the idea ofpedestrian traffic as a norm, thereby raising its status. This work also includes defining therelevant actors relating to walking-related issues.It is also of interest to make an assessment of the groups which it is easiest to encourage towalk, and to investigate and describe the difference between everyday travel for a specificpurpose, to work and school, and walking for recreation and exercise in order to be better ableto improve planning for walking as a mode of transport.There is insufficient data to describe and quantify walking and there is a lack of methods tomeasure walking. The knowledge of town planning, which is still at a general level regardingthe network and the density of the pedestrian network, should also be highlighted.The overall conclusion is that it is important to demonstrate the importance of walking, andthat walking as a mode of transport should be a normative component of planning.
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| 11. |
- Jones, Geraint H., et al.
(författare)
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The Comet Interceptor Mission
- 2024
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Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Nature. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 220:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we describe the novel, multi-point Comet Interceptor mission. It is dedicated to the exploration of a little-processed long-period comet, possibly entering the inner Solar System for the first time, or to encounter an interstellar object originating at another star. The objectives of the mission are to address the following questions: What are the surface composition, shape, morphology, and structure of the target object? What is the composition of the gas and dust in the coma, its connection to the nucleus, and the nature of its interaction with the solar wind? The mission was proposed to the European Space Agency in 2018, and formally adopted by the agency in June 2022, for launch in 2029 together with the Ariel mission. Comet Interceptor will take advantage of the opportunity presented by ESA’s F-Class call for fast, flexible, low-cost missions to which it was proposed. The call required a launch to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 point. The mission can take advantage of this placement to wait for the discovery of a suitable comet reachable with its minimum Δ V capability of 600 ms − 1 . Comet Interceptor will be unique in encountering and studying, at a nominal closest approach distance of 1000 km, a comet that represents a near-pristine sample of material from the formation of the Solar System. It will also add a capability that no previous cometary mission has had, which is to deploy two sub-probes – B1, provided by the Japanese space agency, JAXA, and B2 – that will follow different trajectories through the coma. While the main probe passes at a nominal 1000 km distance, probes B1 and B2 will follow different chords through the coma at distances of 850 km and 400 km, respectively. The result will be unique, simultaneous, spatially resolved information of the 3-dimensional properties of the target comet and its interaction with the space environment. We present the mission’s science background leading to these objectives, as well as an overview of the scientific instruments, mission design, and schedule.
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| 12. |
- Kiffin, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-Leukemic Properties of Histamine in Monocytic Leukemia: The Role of NOX2
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treatment with histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) and low-dose IL-2 (HDC/ IL-2) in the post-chemotherapy phase has been shown to reduce the incidence of leukemic relapse. The clinical benefit of HDC/ IL-2 is pronounced in monocytic forms of AML, where the leukemic cells express histamine type 2 receptors (H2R) and the NAPDH oxidase-2 (NOX2). HDC ligates to H(2)Rs to inhibit NOX2-derived formation of reactive oxygen species, but details regarding the anti-leukemic actions of HDC remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that human NOX2(+) myelomonocytic/monocytic AML cell lines showed increased expression of maturation markers along with reduced leukemic cell proliferation after exposure to HDC in vitro. These effects of HDC were absent in corresponding leukemic cells genetically depleted of NOX2 (NOX2(-/-)). We also observed that exposure to HDC altered the expression of genes involved in differentiation and cell cycle progression in AML cells and that these effects required the presence of NOX2. HDC promoted the differentiation also of primary monocytic, but not non-monocytic, AML cells in vitro. In a xenograft model, immunodeficient NOG mice were inoculated with wild-type or NOX2(-/-) human monocytic AML cells and treated with HDC in vivo. The administration of HDC reduced the in vivo expansion of NOX2(+/+), but not of NOX2(-/-) human monocytic AML cells. We propose that NOX2 may be a conceivable target in the treatment of monocytic AML.
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| 13. |
- Lindgren, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Putaminal Upregulation of FosB/Delta FosB-Like Immunoreactivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Dyskinesia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Parkinson's Disease. - 1877-718X. ; 1:4, s. 347-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transcription factor Delta FosB is a mediator of maladaptive neuroplasticity in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Using an antibody that recognizes all known isoforms of FosB and Delta FosB, we have examined the expression of these proteins in post-mortem basal ganglia sections from PD patients. The patient cases were classified as being dyskinetic or non-dyskinetic based on their clinical records. Sections from neurologically healthy controls were also included in the study. Compared to both controls and non-dyskinetic cases, the dyskinetic group showed a higher density of FosB/Delta FosB-immunopositive cells in the posterior putamen, which represents the motor region of the striatum in primates. In contrast, the number of FosB/Delta FosB-positive cells did not differ significantly among the groups in the caudate, a region primarily involved with the processing of cognitive and limbic-related information. Only sparse FosB/Delta FosB immunoreactivity was found in the in the pallidum externum and internum, and no significant group differences were detected in these nuclei. The putaminal elevation of FosB/Delta FosB-like immunoreactivity in patients who had been affected by L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is consistent with results from both rat and non-human primate models of this movement disorder. The present findings support the hypothesis of an involvement of Delta FosB-related transcription factors in the molecular mechanisms of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
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| 14. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, 1984-
(författare)
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A Genetic Switch in Bacteriophages within the Peduovirinae Subfamily : Structure, Function and Evolution
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The temperate bacteriophages in the Peduovirinae subfamily can either grow lytically or integrate into their bacterial host and form lysogeny. Which one of the two life cycles the phage will enter after infection is controlled by a transcriptional switch. The switch also controls the induction of genes necessary for an integrated phage, a prophage, to excise out of the host genome and propagate lytically. In its most simple form, the transcriptional switch consists of two proteins repressing each other’s promoters, which are oriented face to face in close proximity. The Peduovirinae phages contain two types of transcriptional switches. They were studied with phylogenetic methods to determine their evolution and distribution. Bioinformatic analyses showed that there were several new E. coli integration sites and new inferred immunity classes among the Peduovirinae phages. The two switch types fell into two distinct groups, with no overlap in any of the proteins, but these groups were not defined by host barriers. But in vivo distribution did show a host preference. The P2 C protein was crystallized and its 3D structure determined. It forms a symmetrical dimer in vitro, with an unstructured C-terminal end. The DNA binding domain was determined to lie in alpha helix three and narrowed down to three residues. The C terminal end of the protein is suggested to be part of tetramerization, but a nine amino acid truncation does not affect activity in vitro. In an attempt to discover the mechanism between the switch from lysogeny to lysis in phage P2 the interactions between the two switch proteins and the proteins of its host E. coli was analyzed. Eight E. coli proteins interacted with protein C or Cox, but no interaction between the two switch proteins was detected. Two E. coli proteins showed a distinct effect on the expression of C, and several affected the level of phage lysis. The mechanisms behind these effects are still unclear.
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| 15. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between the regulatory repressors of phage P2 and host proteins, a puzzling story
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bacteriophage P2 belongs to a group of P2-like phages that have been classified as non-inducible. This is based on the fact that they are not induced by UV light, and upon inactivation of the repressor the bacteria will die but no progeny phage is produced. When the prophage is derepressed it is replicated in situ, but unable to excise due to a lack of integrase. The transcriptional switch of phage P2 contains two repressors, the immunity repressor C and the Cox repressor. The C gene is transcribed from the Pc promoter that also controls the integrase gene, and the C repressor controls the early Pe promoter. The cox gen is transcribed from the Pe promoter and the Cox repressor controls the Pc promoter, making the two promoters mutually exclusive. Thus, the integrase cannot be expressed at the same time as Cox and both proteins are required for phage excision. To try to resolve this paradox, a two-hybrid screen has been performed to find possible host proteins that interact with C or Cox that could control the transcriptional switch. Eight E. coli proteins showed interactions with C and three with Cox, out of which all also interacted with C. One of the candidate genes is known to be a "sticky" protein, and was not analysed further. Using a plasmid containing the transcriptional switch, we found that deletions of two of the candidate genes encoding proteins interacting with C or Cox gave a reduced percentage of plasmids choosing the lysogenic pathway; the E. coli yeeD and yqjG genes. YeeD interacts with C as well as Cox, and it is a conserved 8 kD hypothetical proteins with a SirA motif, and YqjG is a predicted glutathione S-transferase. More studies are required to clarify their involvement of these genes in regulating the transcriptional switch.
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| 16. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality after groin hernia surgery : delay of treatment and cause of death
- 2011
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Ingår i: Hernia. - Paris : Springer. - 1265-4906 .- 1248-9204. ; 15:3, s. 301-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Emergency hernia surgery, in contrast to elective hernia surgery, is associated with appreciable mortality. Incarcerated hernia is the second most common cause of small bowel obstruction after adhesions, and the leading cause of bowel strangulation.METHODS: Information on patients who died within 30 days of groin hernia surgery was retrieved from the Swedish Hernia Register, from the Cause-of-Death Register, and from hospital notes.RESULTS: Of 103,710 groin hernia operations between 1992 and 2004, 292 patients died within 30 days of surgery. Hospital notes and cause of death were retrieved for 242 cases (82%). In 5 of these patients, the hernia operation was done in addition to more urgent surgery and therefore excluded from further analyses; 152 patients were admitted as emergency cases and 55 of these patients underwent bowel resection. A total of 107 patients had signs of bowel obstruction when admitted. For 37% of these patients, physical examination of the groin was not documented. Patients with bowel obstruction without a note on a palpable groin lump were more likely to undergo imaging investigation preoperatively (P < 0.001) and they had an increased time to surgery compared to patients with a palpable lump. Women and patients with femoral hernia were significantly less likely to undergo a groin examination compared to other patients. Local anaesthesia was used in 7% of all patients who died postoperatively, and in 3% of emergency cases. Pulmonary disease, sepsis and malignant disease were more common as causes of death after emergency surgery than after elective surgery.CONCLUSIONS: Groin examination of patients presenting with bowel obstruction is of utmost importance in order to minimise delay to hernia surgery.
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| 17. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality after groin hernia surgery
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 245:4, s. 656-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyze mortality following groin hernia operations.Summary Background Data: It is well known that the incidence of groin hernia in men exceeds the incidence in women by a factor of 10. However, gender differences in mortality following groin hernia surgery have not been explored in detail.Methods: The study comprises all patients 15 years or older who underwent groin hernia repair between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 2005 at units participating in the Swedish Hernia Register (SHR). Postoperative mortality was defined as standardized mortality ratio (SMR) within 30 days, ie, observed deaths of operated patients over expected deaths considering age and gender of the population in Sweden.Results: A total of 107,838 groin hernia repairs (103,710 operations), were recorded prospectively. Of 104,911 inguinal hernias, 5280 (5.1%) were treated emergently, as compared with 1068 (36.5%) of 2927 femoral hernias. Femoral hernia operations comprised 1.1% of groin hernia operations on men and 22.4% of operations on women. After femoral hernia operation, the mortality risk was increased 7-fold for both men and women. Mortality risk was not raised above that of the background population for elective groin hernia repair, but it was increased 7-fold after emergency operations and 20-fold if bowel resection was undertaken. Overall SMR was 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-1.6) for men and 4.2 (95% confidence interval, 3.2-5.4) for women, in accordance with a greater proportion of emergency operations among women compared with men, 17.0%, versus 5.1%.Conclusions: Mortality risk following elective hernia repair is low, even at high age. An emergency operation for groin hernia carries a substantial mortality risk. After groin hernia repair, women have a higher mortality risk than men due to a greater risk for emergency procedure irrespective of hernia anatomy and a greater proportion of femoral hernia.
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| 18. |
- Nilsson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogenetic structure and evolution of regulatory genes and integrases of P2-like phages
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bacteriophage. - Austin, Texas, USA : Landes Bioscience. - 2159-7073 .- 2159-7081. ; 1:4, s. 207-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phylogenetic relationships and structural similarities of the proteins encoded within the regulatory region (containing the integrase gene and the lytic – lysogenic transcriptional switch genes) of P2-like phages were analyzed, and compared to the phylogenetic relationship of P2-like phages inferred from four structural genes. P2-like phages are thought to be one of the most genetically homogenous phage groups but the regulatory region nevertheless varies extensively between different phage genomes. The analyses showed that there are many types of regulatory regions, but two types can be clearly distinguished; regions similar either to the phage P2 or to the phage 186 regulatory regions. These regions were also found to be most frequent among the sequenced P2-like phage or prophage genomes, and common in phages using Escherichia coli as a host. Both the phylogenetic and the structural analyses showed that these two regions are related. The integrases as well as the cox/apl genes show a common monophyletic origin but the immunity repressor genes, the type P2 C gene and the type 186 cI gene, are likely of different origin. There was no indication of recombination between the P2 – 186 types of regulatory genes but the comparison of the phylogenies of the regulatory region with the phylogeny based on four structural genes revealed recombinational events between the regulatory region and the structural genes. Less common regulatory regions were phylogenetically heterogeneous and typically contained a fusion of genes from distantly related or unknown phages and P2-like genes.
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| 19. |
- Nilsson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitive forensic analysis using the Pyrosequencing technology
- 2006
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Ingår i: Progress in Forensic Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. ; :1288, s. 625-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In forensic casework analysis, rapid and flexible systems for detection of variation found in nuclear or mitochondrial genomes are valuable. We have developed several different typing systems based on the Pyrosequencing technology to allow sensitive analysis of mtDNA as well as autosomal and Y-chromosome SNPs or STRs in short amplicons.
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| 20. |
- Ovaskainen, Otso, et al.
(författare)
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Global Spore Sampling Project: A global, standardized dataset of airborne fungal DNA
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - 2052-4463. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel methods for sampling and characterizing biodiversity hold great promise for re-evaluating patterns of life across the planet. The sampling of airborne spores with a cyclone sampler, and the sequencing of their DNA, have been suggested as an efficient and well-calibrated tool for surveying fungal diversity across various environments. Here we present data originating from the Global Spore Sampling Project, comprising 2,768 samples collected during two years at 47 outdoor locations across the world. Each sample represents fungal DNA extracted from 24 m3 of air. We applied a conservative bioinformatics pipeline that filtered out sequences that did not show strong evidence of representing a fungal species. The pipeline yielded 27,954 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Each OTU is accompanied by a probabilistic taxonomic classification, validated through comparison with expert evaluations. To examine the potential of the data for ecological analyses, we partitioned the variation in species distributions into spatial and seasonal components, showing a strong effect of the annual mean temperature on community composition.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n=1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Tjernberg, Anna Rockert, et al.
(författare)
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Celiac disease and complement activation in response to Streptococcus pneumoniae
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pediatrics. - : Springer. - 0340-6199 .- 1432-1076. ; 179:1, s. 133-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals with celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The aim of this study was to explore whether the complement response to Streptococcus pneumoniae differed according to CD status, and could serve as an explanation for the excess risk of IPD in CD. Twenty-two children with CD and 18 controls, born 1999-2008, were included at Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden. The degree of complement activation was evaluated by comparing levels of activation products C3a and sC5b-9 in plasma incubated for 30 min with Streptococcus pneumoniae and in non-incubated plasma. Complement analyses were performed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pneumococcal stimulation caused a statistically significant increase in C3a as well as sC5b-9 in both children with CD and controls but there was no difference in response between the groups. After incubation, C3a increased on average 4.6 times and sC5b-9 22 times in both the CD and the control group (p = 0.497 and p = 0.724 respectively). Conclusion: Complement response to Streptococcus pneumoniae seems to be similar in children with and without CD and is thus unlikely to contribute to the increased susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease in CD.
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