| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gerhardt, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nog nu, politiker – ta klimatkrisen på allvar
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet Debatt. - 1103-9000. ; -:-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1944 svenska forskare och anställda i forskarvärlden: Vad är det ni inte förstår?
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| 6. |
- Hober, Sophia, Professor, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical & Translational Immunology. - : Wiley. - 2050-0068. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic poses an immense need for accurate, sensitive and high-throughput clinical tests, and serological assays are needed for both overarching epidemiological studies and evaluating vaccines. Here, we present the development and validation of a high-throughput multiplex bead-based serological assay. Methods. More than 100 representations of SARS-CoV-2 proteins were included for initial evaluation, including antigens produced in bacterial and mammalian hosts as well as synthetic peptides. The five best-performing antigens, three representing the spike glycoprotein and two representing the nucleocapsid protein, were further evaluated for detection of IgG antibodies in samples from 331 COVID-19 patients and convalescents, and in 2090 negative controls sampled before 2020. Results. Three antigens were finally selected, represented by a soluble trimeric form and the S1-domain of the spike glycoprotein as well as by the C-terminal domain of the nucleocapsid. The sensitivity for these three antigens individually was found to be 99.7%, 99.1% and 99.7%, and the specificity was found to be 98.1%, 98.7% and 95.7%. The best assay performance was although achieved when utilising two antigens in combination, enabling a sensitivity of up to 99.7% combined with a specificity of 100%. Requiring any two of the three antigens resulted in a sensitivity of 99.7% and a specificity of 99.4%. Conclusion. These observations demonstrate that a serological test based on a combination of several SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay.
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| 7. |
- Shu, Xiang, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of obesity and circulating insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk : a Mendelian randomization analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:3, s. 795-806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In addition to the established association between general obesity and breast cancer risk, central obesity and circulating fasting insulin and glucose have been linked to the development of this common malignancy. Findings from previous studies, however, have been inconsistent, and the nature of the associations is unclear. Methods: We conducted Mendelian randomization analyses to evaluate the association of breast cancer risk, using genetic instruments, with fasting insulin, fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, body mass index (BMI) and BMI-adjusted waist-hip-ratio (WHRadj BMI). We first confirmed the association of these instruments with type 2 diabetes risk in a large diabetes genome-wide association study consortium. We then investigated their associations with breast cancer risk using individual-level data obtained from 98 842 cases and 83 464 controls of European descent in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Results: All sets of instruments were associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. Associations with breast cancer risk were found for genetically predicted fasting insulin [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71 per standard deviation (SD) increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-2.31, p = 5.09 x 10(-4)], 2-h glucose (OR = 1.80 per SD increase, 95% CI = 1.3 0-2.49, p = 4.02 x 10(-4)), BMI (OR = 0.70 per 5-unit increase, 95% CI = 0.65-0.76, p = 5.05 x 10(-19)) and WHRadj BMI (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79-0.91, p = 9.22 x 10(-6)). Stratified analyses showed that genetically predicted fasting insulin was more closely related to risk of estrogen-receptor [ER]-positive cancer, whereas the associations with instruments of 2h glucose, BMI and WHRadj BMI were consistent regardless of age, menopausal status, estrogen receptor status and family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: We confirmed the previously reported inverse association of genetically predicted BMI with breast cancer risk, and showed a positive association of genetically predicted fasting insulin and 2-h glucose and an inverse association of WHRadj BMI with breast cancer risk. Our study suggests that genetically determined obesity and glucose/insulin-related traits have an important role in the aetiology of breast cancer.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Escala-Garcia, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A network analysis to identify mediators of germline-driven differences in breast cancer prognosis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying the underlying genetic drivers of the heritability of breast cancer prognosis remains elusive. We adapt a network-based approach to handle underpowered complex datasets to provide new insights into the potential function of germline variants in breast cancer prognosis. This network-based analysis studies similar to 7.3 million variants in 84,457 breast cancer patients in relation to breast cancer survival and confirms the results on 12,381 independent patients. Aggregating the prognostic effects of genetic variants across multiple genes, we identify four gene modules associated with survival in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and one in ER-positive disease. The modules show biological enrichment for cancer-related processes such as G-alpha signaling, circadian clock, angiogenesis, and Rho-GTPases in apoptosis.
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| 14. |
- Gabrielsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal pattern of climate vulnerability and adaptation in the Lake Victoria basin – Identifying needs and opportunities using a multi-stakeholder approach. The American Association for the Advancement of Science, Annual Conference, San Diego
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Important factors behind high levels of vulnerability and low adaptive capacity to climate variability and change in the developing world are direct reliance on natural resources, poverty and limited abilities to adapt financially and institutionally. In this study, focusing on the Lake Victoria Basin, a multitude of stressors on livelihoods, including climate related factors, are faced by the rural communities. The aim of the study is to disclose the annual pattern of these combined stressors, under both typical as well as more extreme climate conditions in order to reveal periods of particular hardship as well as recovery in the studied communities in Kenya and Tanzania. Data has primarily been collected through focus group interactions around seasonal calendars during fieldwork in September 2009 and a regional stakeholder meeting planned for January 2010. Key themes of the calendars consisted of climate and health patterns, agricultural and animal husbandry activities, on- and off-farm household incomes as well expenditures. A considerable increase in adaptive capacity was found among those farmers involved in formalized village groups based on their pooling of labor and assets, agro-forestry activities, and the village savings and loans. The planned stakeholder meeting aims at exploring important local to national links that can strengthen existing adaptation and identify new cooperation possibilities.
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| 15. |
- Melin (Mernelius), Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiological typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) : spa typing versus pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
- 2009
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 41:6-7, s. 433-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular methods based on sequencing, such as spa typing, have facilitated epidemiological typing of bacterial isolates compared to the gold standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), a technically more demanding method. We studied methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 4 Swedish counties from 2003 through 2005, and compared spa typing and PFGE results to epidemiological data. Of 280 MRSA isolates, 91 were from sporadic cases and 189 were associated with 35 outbreaks. A total of 50 spa types and 74 PFGE patterns were detected. 60 (21%) of the MRSA isolates carried the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes. 12 of the PVL-positive MRSA were healthcare associated. 25 of the spa types and 31 of the PFGE patterns were associated with outbreaks. In 1 of the outbreaks we found isolates with different but closely related spa types, and in 6 of the outbreaks we observed isolates with different but related PFGE patterns. In this low-endemic setting, with outbreaks limited in time and place, we found spa typing to be a useful tool for epidemiological typing of MRSA, due to its rapidity, accessibility, ease of use, and standardized nomenclature.
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| 16. |
- Mueller, Stefanie H., et al.
(författare)
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Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1756-994X. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes.Methods: We evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes' coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry.Results: In European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q < 0.05) with BC. Of those, two genes, FMNL3 (P = 6.11 x 10(-6)) and AC058822.1 (P = 1.47 x 10(-4)), represent new associations. High FMNL3 expression has previously been linked to poor prognosis in several other cancers. Meta-analysis of samples with diverse ancestry discovered further associations including established candidate genes ESR1 and CBLB. Furthermore, literature review and database query found further support for a biologically plausible link with cancer for genes CBLB, FMNL3, FGFR2, LSP1, MAP3K1, and SRGAP2C.Conclusions: Using extended gene-based aggregation tests including coding and regulatory variation, we report identification of plausible target genes for previously identified single-marker associations with BC as well as the discovery of novel genes implicated in BC development. Including multi ancestral cohorts in this study enabled the identification of otherwise missed disease associations as ESR1 (P = 1.31 x 10(-5)), demonstrating the importance of diversifying study cohorts.
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| 17. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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| 18. |
- Sawcer, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 476:7359, s. 214-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
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| 19. |
- Spikol, Daniel
(creator_code:cre_t, creator_code:res_t)
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Forskarnas galleri #5 : People have the power: IOTAP on exhibit
- 2018
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Konstnärligt arbeteabstract
- Överallt samlar sensorer data som analyseras för att räkna ut hur man sparar energi, hur mycket insulin som ska injiceras, var den närmaste hyrbilen finns, hur många människor som fortfarande är kvar inne i en brinnande byggnad... Denna snabba spridning av teknik kallas för Sakernas Internet, eller IoT. Människor har makten, eller har vi verkligen det? Hur mycket värderar vi vår integritet? Vilka internetanslutna gadgets hjälper oss att leva ett hälsosamt och hållbart liv - och vilka prylar kommer bara att öka vår stressnivå? När blir användningen missbruk? Utställningen undersöker hur IoT påverkar människor, samhälle och industri. Forskningsprojekt i utställningen: Emergent Configuration for IoT Systems (ECOS+), Smart energy management and security (SEMS), Fair Data, Walk the ward, Dynamic Intelligent Sensor-Intensive Systems (DISS), PELARS-projektet och Busrunner presenteras i "IOTAP-labbet"
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| 20. |
- Springett, Jane, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Närsjukvård : bakgrund, erfarenheter och pilotstudie
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Närsjukvård är ett centralt begrepp i ett förändringsarbete som för genomförs i nordöstra Skåne för att utveckla hälso- och sjukvårdsväsendet. Det ingår därmed som en av de centrala delarna av Region Skånes vision om hälso- och sjukvård: Skånsk livskraft – vård och hälsa. Syftet med denna rapport är att ge en bakgrund till begreppet (Del A) och att presentera en del preliminära rön beträffande hur olika aktörer i nordöstra Skåne uppfattar begreppet (Del B). Del A ger en översikt kring ursprunget till begreppet Närsjukvård inom ramen för de förändringar i hälso- och sjukvården som sker i Sverige i stort. Den beskriver sedan vilka slags förändringar som har planerats på politisk nivå och som nu håller på att genomföras under detta paraplybegrepp, nationellt, regionalt och lokalt. För detta syfte används statliga dokument och publicerade utvärderingsstudier i stor utsträckning som källmaterial. Denna del ska därför inte ses som en heltäckande översikt. Del B inriktas på att belysa hur långt förverkligandet av idén om Närsjukvård har kommit inom regionen. Avsnittet är en kartläggning av olika aktörers förståelse av Närsjukvård i den nordöstra delen av Region Skåne. Forskningsfrågorna inriktades på hur folk pratade om Närsjukvård, det vill säga på hur de förstod och använde begreppet.
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| 21. |
- Springett, Jane, et al.
(författare)
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Närsjukvård : bakgrund, erfarenheter och pilotstudie
- 2005
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Närsjukvård är ett centralt begrepp i ett förändringsarbete som för genomförs i nordöstra Skåne för att utveckla hälso- och sjukvårdsväsendet. Det ingår därmed som en av de centrala delarna av Region Skånes vision om hälso- och sjukvård: Skånsk livskraft – vård och hälsa. Syftet med denna rapport är att ge en bakgrund till begreppet (Del A) och att presentera en del preliminära rön beträffande hur olika aktörer i nordöstra Skåne uppfattar begreppet (Del B). Del A ger en översikt kring ursprunget till begreppet Närsjukvård inom ramen för de förändringar i hälso- och sjukvården som sker i Sverige i stort. Den beskriver sedan vilka slags förändringar som har planerats på politisk nivå och som nu håller på att genomföras under detta paraplybegrepp, nationellt, regionalt och lokalt. För detta syfte används statliga dokument och publicerade utvärderingsstudier i stor utsträckning som källmaterial. Denna del ska därför inte ses som en heltäckande översikt. Del B inriktas på att belysa hur långt förverkligandet av idén om Närsjukvård har kommit inom regionen. Avsnittet är en kartläggning av olika aktörers förståelse av Närsjukvård i den nordöstra delen av Region Skåne. Forskningsfrågorna inriktades på hur folk pratade om Närsjukvård, det vill säga på hur de förstod och använde begreppet.
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| 22. |
- Tavares, Pedro F., et al.
(författare)
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Commissioning and first-year operational results of the MAX IV 3 GeV ring
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - 0909-0495. ; 25:5, s. 1291-1316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV 3 GeV electron storage ring in Lund, Sweden, is the first of a new generation of light sources to make use of the multibend-achromat lattice (MBA) to achieve ultralow emitance and hence ultrahigh brightness and transverse coherence. The conceptual basis of the MAX IV 3 GeV ring project combines a robust lattice design with a number of innovative engineering choices: compact, multifunctional magnet blocks, narrow low-conductance NEG-coated copper vacuum chambers and a 100 MHz radio-frequency system with passively operated third-harmonic cavities for bunch lengthening. In this paper, commissioning and first-year operational results of the MAX IV 3 GeV ring are presented, highlighting those aspects that are believed to be most relevant for future MBA-based storage rings. The commissioning experience of the MAX IV 3 GeV ring offers in this way an opportunity for validation of concepts that are likely to be essential ingredients of future diffraction-limited light sources.
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| 23. |
- Abou-Hachem, Maher, et al.
(författare)
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The modular organisation and stability of a thermostable family 10 xylanase
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1024-2422 .- 1029-2446. ; 21:5-6, s. 253-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermophilic marine bacterium Rhodothermus marinus produces a modular family 10 xylanase (Xyn10A). It consists of two N-terminal family 4 carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) followed by a domain of unknown function (D3), and a catalytic module (CM) flanked by a small fifth domain (D5) at its C-terminus. Several truncated mutants of the enzyme have been produced and characterised with respect to biochemical properties and stability. Multiple calcium binding sites are shown to be present in the two N-terminal CBMs and recent evidence suggests that the third domain of the enzyme also has the ability to bind the same metal ligand. The specific binding of Ca2+ was demonstrated to have a pronounced effect on thermostability as shown by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal inactivation studies. Furthermore, deletion mutants of the enzyme were less stable than the full-length enzyme suggesting that module interactions contributed to the stability of the enzyme. Finally, recent evidence indicates that the fifth domain of Xyn10A is a novel type of module mediating cell-attachment.
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| 24. |
- Adolfsson, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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A system for remote dosimetry audit of 3D-CRT, IMRT and VMAT based on lithium formate dosimetry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 113:2, s. 279-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to develop and test a remote end-to-end audit system using lithium formate EPR dosimeters. Four clinics were included in a pilot study, absorbed doses determined in the PTV agreed with TPS calculated doses within ±5% for 3D-CRT and ±7% (k=1) for IMRT/VMAT dose plans.
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| 25. |
- Adolfsson, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of signal fading in lithium formate EPR dosimeters using a new sensitive method
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 57:8, s. 2209-2217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate signal fading in lithium formate electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimeters used for clinical applications in radiotherapy. A new experimental method for determination of signal fading, designed to resolve small changes in signal from slowly decaying unstable radicals, was used. Possible signal fading in lithium formate due to different storage temperatures was also tested. Air humidity was kept at a constant level of 33% throughout the experiments. The conclusion drawn from the investigations was that the EPR signal from lithium formate is stable during at least 1 month after irradiation and is not sensitive to variations in storage temperature andlt;40 degrees C when kept at a relative air humidity of 33%. This makes lithium formate a suitable dosimeter for transfer dosimetry in clinical audits.
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