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- Chiavassa, A., et al.
(författare)
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Radiative hydrodynamic simulations of red supergiant stars III. Spectro-photocentric variability, photometric variability, and consequences on Gaia measurements
- 2011
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 528, s. A120-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. It has been shown that convection in red supergiant stars (RSG) gives rise to large granules that cause surface inhomogeneities and shock waves in the photosphere. The resulting motion of the photocentre (on time scales ranging from months to years) could possibly have adverse effects on the parallax determination with Gaia. Aims. We explore the impact of the granulation on the photocentric and photometric variability. We quantify these effects in order to better characterise the error that could possibly alter the parallax. Methods. We use 3D radiative-hydrodynamics (RHD) simulations of convection with CO5BOLD and the post-processing radiative transfer code Optim3D to compute intensity maps and spectra in the Gaia G band [325-1030 nm]. Results. We provide astrometric and photometric predictions from 3D simulations of RSGs that are used to evaluate the possible degradation of the astrometric parameters of evolved stars derived by Gaia. We show in particular from RHD simulations that a supergiant like Betelgeuse exhibits a photocentric noise characterised by a standard deviation of the order of 0.1 AU. The number of bright giant and supergiant stars whose Gaia parallaxes will be altered by the photocentric noise ranges from a few tens to several thousands, depending on the poorly known relation between the size of the convective cells and the atmospheric pressure scale height of supergiants, and to a lower extent, on the adopted prescription for galactic extinction. In the worst situation, the degradation of the astrometric fit caused by this photocentric noise will be noticeable up to about 5 kpc for the brightest supergiants. Moreover, parallaxes of Betelgeuse-like supergiants are affected by an error of the order of a few percents. We also show that the photocentric noise, as predicted by the 3D simulation, does account for a substantial part of the supplementary "cosmic noise" that affects Hipparcos measurements of Betelgeuse and Antares.
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2. |
- Cockell, C.S., et al.
(författare)
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Darwin - an experimental astronomy mission to search for extrasolar planets
- 2009
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Ingår i: Experimental Astronomy. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 23:1, s. 435-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a response to ESA call for mission concepts for its Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 plan, we propose a mission called Darwin. Its primary goal is the study of terrestrial extrasolar planets and the search for life on them. In this paper, we describe different characteristics of the instrument.
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3. |
- Cruzalebes, P., et al.
(författare)
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Brightness Asymmetries of Cool Giants and Supergiants Measured with VLTI-AMBER
- 2015
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Ingår i: WHY GALAXIES CARE ABOUT AGB STARS III. - : ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC. - 9781583818794 ; , s. 109-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a search for asymmetries on the photospheres of 16 giants and supergiants. We found that all targets have surface-brightness asymmetries, but the most prominent ones are found along the upper AGB.
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4. |
- Cruzalebes, P., et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental parameters of 16 late-type stars derived from their angular diameter measured with VLTI/AMBER(star)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 434:1, s. 437-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thanks to their large angular dimension and brightness, red giants and supergiants are privileged targets for optical long-baseline interferometers. 16 red giants and supergiants have been observed with the VLTI/AMBER facility over a 2-year period, at medium spectral resolution (R = 1500) in the K band. The limb-darkened angular diameters are derived from fits of stellar atmospheric models on the visibility and the triple product data. The angular diameters do not show any significant temporal variation, except for one target: TX Psc, which shows a variation of 4 per cent using visibility data. For the eight targets previously measured by long-baseline interferometry (LBI) in the same spectral range, the difference between our diameters and the literature values is less than 5 per cent, except for TX Psc, which shows a difference of 11 per cent. For the eight other targets, the present angular diameters are the first measured from LBI. Angular diameters are then used to determine several fundamental stellar parameters, and to locate these targets in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Except for the enigmatic Tc-poor low-mass carbon star W Ori, the location of Tc-rich stars in the HRD matches remarkably well the thermally-pulsating asymptotic giant branch, as it is predicted by the stellar evolution models. For pulsating stars with periods available, we compute the pulsation constant and locate the stars along the various sequences in the period-luminosity diagram. We confirm the increase in mass along the pulsation sequences, as predicted by theory, except for W Ori which, despite being less massive, appears to have a longer period than T Cet along the first-overtone sequence.
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5. |
- Cruzalebes, P., et al.
(författare)
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Measuring deviation from centrosymmetry for a source brightness distribution observed by spectro-interferometry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 443:4, s. 3550-3563
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the testing of the centrosymmetry parameter (CSP), an indicator of deviation from centrosymmetry of a source brightness distribution. This indicator is derived from the spectral distribution of the triple product measured over three baselines of an optical interferometer. Numerical simulations using parametric toy-models (separated or transiting binary, one-spot model), generated with the SPIDAST software, are applied to the VLTI/AMBER facility in the K band (2.2 mu m). The simulations show that, in case of centrosymmetry, the CSP parameter is in agreement with the usual phase of the spectral mean of the triple product (called GCP, global closure phase). To justify the preferential use of CSP rather than GCP, we show situations with asymmetric geometries for which GCP diagnoses centrosymmetry, while CSP does not. Using realistic Roche lobe-filling binary and hydrodynamic convective models, we show that CSP can also be used as an indicator for geometric similarity between physical and toy-models. Thus, dealing with real data, the toy-model parameters can be fitted on the measured CSP values, in order to assess the input-parameter values of the most suitable complex physical model that will be used to interpret the data.
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6. |
- Cruzalebes, P., et al.
(författare)
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SPIDAST : a new modular software to process spectrointerferometric measurements
- 2013
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 432:2, s. 1658-1671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracting stellar fundamental parameters from Spectrointerferometric (SPI) data requires reliable estimates of observables and with robust uncertainties (visibility, triple product, phase closure). A number of fine calibration procedures are necessary throughout the reduction process. Testing departures from centrosymmetry of brightness distributions is a useful complement. Developing a set of automatic routines called spidast (made available to the community) to reduce, calibrate and interpret raw data sets of instantaneous spectrointerferograms at the spectral channel level, we complement (and in some respects improve) the ones contained in the amdlib Data Reduction Software. Our new software spidast is designed to work in an automatic mode, free from subjective choices, while being versatile enough to suit various processing strategies. spidast performs the following automated operations: weighting of non-aberrant SPI data (visibility, triple product), fine spectral calibration (subpixel level), accurate and robust determinations of stellar diameters for calibrator sources (and their uncertainties as well), correction for the degradations of the interferometer response in visibility and triple product, calculation of the centrosymmetry parameter from the calibrated triple product, fit of parametric chromatic models on SPI observables, to extract model parameters. spidast is currently applied to the scientific study of 18 cool giant and supergiant stars, observed with the VLTI/AMBER facility at medium resolution in the K band. Because part of their calibrators have no diameter in the current catalogues, spidast provides new determinations of the angular diameters of all calibrators. Comparison of spidast final calibrated observables with amdlib determinations shows good agreement, under good and poor seeing conditions.
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