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- Rebrova, N. , V, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of europium concentration on luminescent and scintillation performance of Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca1-xEuxBr3 (0 <= x <= 0.08) crystals
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Rare Earths. - : Elsevier. - 1002-0721 .- 2509-4963. ; 40:1, s. 29-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca1-xEuxBr3 (0 <= x <= 0.08) crystals doped with different concentrations of Eu2+ were grown using the Bridgman-Stockbarger method. The work describes the influence of Eu2+ concentration on the luminescent and kinetic properties of Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca1-xEuxBr3 crystals, as well as on their scintillation performance. The maximum in the radioluminescence spectra of these crystals shifts from 439 to 446 nm with increasing europium concentration. The scintillation decay times of Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca1-xEuxBr3 lengthen with the Eu2+ content. The best light output of 33600 photons/MeV is obtained for Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca0.93Eu0.07Br3, and the best energy resolution of 6.9% is found for Cs0.2Rb0.8Ca0.94Eu0.06Br3.
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| 4. |
- Patil, Narendra G, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of the load size on the efficiency of microwave heating under stop flow and continuous flow conditions
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy. - : A Publication of the International Microwave Power Institute IMPI. - 0832-7823. ; 46:2, s. 83-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel heating efficiency analysis of the microwave heated stop-flow (i.e. stagnant liquid) and continuous-flow reactors has been presented. The thermal losses to the surrounding air by natural convection have been taken into account for heating efficiency calculation of the microwave heating process. The effect of the load diameter in the range of 4–29 mm onthe heating efficiency of ethylene glycol was studied in a single mode microwave cavity under continuous flow and stop-flow conditions. The variation of the microwave absorbing properties of the load with temperature was estimated. Under stop-flow conditions, the heating efficiency depends on the load diameter. The highest heating efficiency has been observed at the load diameter close to the half wavelength of the electromagnetic field in the corresponding medium. Under continuous-flow conditions, the heating efficiency increased linearly. However,microwave leakage above the propagation diameter restricted further experimentation at higher load diameters. Contrary to the stop-flow conditions, the load temperature did not raise monotonously from the inlet to outlet under continuous-flow conditions. This was due to the combined effect of lagging convective heat fluxes in comparison to volumetric heating. This severely disturbs the uniformity of the electromagnetic field in the axial direction and creates areas of high and low field intensity along the load length decreasing the heating efficiency as compared to stop-flow conditions.
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