| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Padrela, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Tuning physicochemical properties of theophylline by cocrystallization using the supercritical fluid enhanced atomization technique
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Supercritical Fluids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0896-8446 .- 1872-8162. ; 86, s. 129-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formation of different micro- to nanosized cocrystals of theophylline is addressed by using the supercritical enhanced atomization (SEA) process. The experimental results presented here help to highlight how to prepare cocrystals of theophylline (TPL), using a supercritical fluid-based technique to accomplish the required physicochemical properties of that active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The SEA process shows a strong versatility and feasibility towards the formation of highly pure theophylline cocrystals, using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. The formation of TPL cocrystals with different types of morphology and dissolution behaviour/properties is induced by using different coformers, such as urea, saccharin, gentisic acid, salicylic acid, glutaric acid, sorbic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid and nicotinamide. The solubility of each coformer in the dissolution medium of phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4 at 25 °C), could determine the dissolving rate behaviour of the produced cocrystals. Consequently, the low-soluble coformers generate TPL cocrystals with a slow-dissolving rate, while the use of highly-soluble coformers produces faster-dissolving TPL cocrystals. Albeit the SEA process operating temperature influences the mean cocrystal particle size, this technique shows a high potential as an effective cocrystal screening tool.
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Almeida, Tiago Rodrigues de, 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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Context-free Self-Conditioned GAN for Trajectory Forecasting
- 2022
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Ingår i: 21st IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications. ICMLA 2022. - : IEEE. - 9781665462839 ; , s. 1218-1223
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present a context-free unsupervised approach based on a self-conditioned GAN to learn different modes from 2D trajectories. Our intuition is that each mode indicates a different behavioral moving pattern in the discriminator's feature space. We apply this approach to the problem of trajectory forecasting. We present three different training settings based on self-conditioned GAN, which produce better forecasters. We test our method in two data sets: human motion and road agents. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms previous context-free methods in the least representative supervised labels while performing well in the remaining labels. In addition, our approach outperforms globally in human motion, while performing well in road agents.
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| 5. |
- Almeida, Tiago Rodrigues de, 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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Trajectory Prediction for Heterogeneous Agents : A Performance Analysis on Small and Imbalanced Datasets
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. - : IEEE. - 2377-3766. ; 9:7, s. 6576-6583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robots and other intelligent systems navigating in complex dynamic environments should predict future actions and intentions of surrounding agents to reach their goals efficiently and avoid collisions. The dynamics of those agents strongly depends on their tasks, roles, or observable labels. Class-conditioned motion prediction is thus an appealing way to reduce forecast uncertainty and get more accurate predictions for heterogeneous agents. However, this is hardly explored in the prior art, especially for mobile robots and in limited data applications. In this paper, we analyse different class-conditioned trajectory prediction methods on two datasets. We propose a set of conditional pattern-based and efficient deep learning-based baselines, and evaluate their performance on robotics and outdoors datasets (TH & Ouml;R-MAGNI and Stanford Drone Dataset). Our experiments show that all methods improve accuracy in most of the settings when considering class labels. More importantly, we observe that there are significant differences when learning from imbalanced datasets, or in new environments where sufficient data is not available. In particular, we find that deep learning methods perform better on balanced datasets, but in applications with limited data, e.g., cold start of a robot in a new environment, or imbalanced classes, pattern-based methods may be preferable.
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| 6. |
- Bender, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation guidelines for machine learning tools in the chemical sciences
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3358. ; 6:6, s. 428-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machine learning (ML) promises to tackle the grand challenges in chemistry and speed up the generation, improvement and/or ordering of research hypotheses. Despite the overarching applicability of ML workflows, one usually finds diverse evaluation study designs. The current heterogeneity in evaluation techniques and metrics leads to difficulty in (or the impossibility of) comparing and assessing the relevance of new algorithms. Ultimately, this may delay the digitalization of chemistry at scale and confuse method developers, experimentalists, reviewers and journal editors. In this Perspective, we critically discuss a set of method development and evaluation guidelines for different types of ML-based publications, emphasizing supervised learning. We provide a diverse collection of examples from various authors and disciplines in chemistry. While taking into account varying accessibility across research groups, our recommendations focus on reporting completeness and standardizing comparisons between tools. We aim to further contribute to improved ML transparency and credibility by suggesting a checklist of retro-/prospective tests and dissecting their importance. We envisage that the wide adoption and continuous update of best practices will encourage an informed use of ML on real-world problems related to the chemical sciences. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 7. |
- Crous, P. W., et al.
(författare)
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Fusarium : more than a node or a foot-shaped basal cell
- 2021
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Ingår i: Studies in mycology. - : CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE. - 0166-0616 .- 1872-9797. ; :98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent publications have argued that there are potentially serious consequences for researchers in recognising distinct genera in the terminal fusarioid clade of the family Nectriaceae. Thus, an alternate hypothesis, namely a very broad concept of the genus Fusarium was proposed. In doing so, however, a significant body of data that supports distinct genera in Nectriaceae based on morphology, biology, and phylogeny is disregarded. A DNA phylogeny based on 19 orthologous protein-coding genes was presented to support a very broad concept of Fusarium at the F1 node in Nectriaceae. Here, we demonstrate that re-analyses of this dataset show that all 19 genes support the F3 node that represents Fusarium sensu stricto as defined by F. sambucinum (sexual morph synonym Gibberella pulicaris). The backbone of the phylogeny is resolved by the concatenated alignment, but only six of the 19 genes fully support the F1 node, representing the broad circumscription of Fusarium. Furthermore, a re-analysis of the concatenated dataset revealed alternate topologies in different phylogenetic algorithms, highlighting the deep divergence and unresolved placement of various Nectriaceae lineages proposed as members of Fusarium. Species of Fusarium s. str. are characterised by Gibberella sexual morphs, asexual morphs with thin- or thick-walled macroconidia that have variously shaped apical and basal cells, and trichothecene mycotoxin production, which separates them from other fusarioid genera. Here we show that the Wollenweber concept of Fusarium presently accounts for 20 segregate genera with clear-cut synapomorphic traits, and that fusarioid macroconidia represent a character that has been gained or lost multiple times throughout Nectriaceae. Thus, the very broad circumscription of Fusarium is blurry and without apparent synapomorphies, and does not include all genera with fusarium-like macroconidia, which are spread throughout Nectriaceae (e.g., Cosmosporella, Macroconia, Microcera). In this study four new genera are introduced, along with 18 new species and 16 new combinations. These names convey information about relationships, morphology, and ecological preference that would otherwise be lost in a broader definition of Fusarium. To assist users to correctly identify fusarioid genera and species, we introduce a new online identification database, Fusarioid-ID, accessible at www.fusarium.org. The database comprises partial sequences from multiple genes commonly used to identify fusarioid taxa (act1, CaM, his3, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub2, ITS, and LSU). In this paper, we also present a nomenclator of names that have been introduced in Fusarium up to January 2021 as well as their current status, types, and diagnostic DNA barcode data. In this study, researchers from 46 countries, representing taxonomists, plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, and students, strongly support the application and use of a more precisely delimited Fusarium (= Gibberella) concept to accommodate taxa from the robust monophyletic node F3 on the basis of a well-defined and unique combination of morphological and biochemical features. This F3 node includes, among others, species of the F. fujikuroi, F. incarnatum-equiseti, F. oxysporum, and F. sambucinum species complexes, but not species of Bisifusarium [F. dimerum species complex (SC)], Cyanonectria (F. buxicola SC), Geejayessia (F. staphyleae SC), Neocosmospora (F. solani SC) or Rectifusarium (F. ventricosum SC). The present study represents the first step to generating a new online monograph of Fusarium and allied fusarioid genera (www.fusarium.org).
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| 8. |
- Gutiérrez Maestro, Eduardo, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable-Based Intelligent Emotion Monitoring in Older Adults during Daily Life Activities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 13:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a system designed to monitor the well-being of older adults during their daily activities. To automatically detect and classify their emotional state, we collect physiological data through a wearable medical sensor. Ground truth data are obtained using a simple smartphone app that provides ecological momentary assessment (EMA), a method for repeatedly sampling people's current experiences in real time in their natural environments. We are making the resulting dataset publicly available as a benchmark for future comparisons and methods. We are evaluating two feature selection methods to improve classification performance and proposing a feature set that augments and contrasts domain expert knowledge based on time-analysis features. The results demonstrate an improvement in classification accuracy when using the proposed feature selection methods. Furthermore, the feature set we present is better suited for predicting emotional states in a leave-one-day-out experimental setup, as it identifies more patterns.
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| 9. |
- Jorge, Rodrigues, et al.
(författare)
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Factors for Adopting ERP as SaaS amongst SMEs: The Customers vs. Vendor Point of View
- 2016
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Ingår i: Information Resources Management Journal. - 1040-1628. ; 29:4, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper identifies the factors for adopting Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) delivered as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The authors conducted a two phases' qualitative-methodology: interviews with 20 experts from SaaS vendor (Microsoft) and a case-study with executives in three organizations which implemented vendor's ERP as SaaS (customers). The vendor identified 10 factors for adoption - Costs, Security, Availability, Usability, Implementation, Ubiquity, Flexibility, Compatibility, Analytics and Best-practices, where costs, security and availability were considered the most important factors. The three customers identified 3 additional factors: the trust in the Solution partner, Data integrity, and level of Integration of cloud platforms. Considering all 13 factors, Cost, trust in the Solution partner and Availability were identified as the most important for customers, which gave much less importance to the others factors. These results will help professionals and researchers to improve understanding and accelerate ERP adoption as SaaS among SMEs.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Ly, Kally C.S., et al.
(författare)
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Water enabled self-healing polymeric coating with reduced graphene oxide-reinforcement for sensors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sensors and Actuators Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-0539. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intrinsic self-healing materials have received significant attention due to the characteristic recovery after damage properties through reversible dynamic covalent and non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, functional recovery with reliable mechanical properties are highly keen as protective coatings, specifically for devices and sensors vulnerable to abrasion in severe environments. Here, we present a functional hierarchical nanostructure capable of multiple micro-sized healings, with enhanced mechanical hardness due to the incorporation of graphene oxide (rGO) nanoplatelets. A self-healing multilayered nanocomposite formed by poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was easily assembled by the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The addition of the rGO nanoplatelets in the LbL nanostructure resulted in a 13-fold increase in hardness (0.4 ± 0.1 GPa) when compared to the (PEI/PAA) architecture (0.03 ± 0.01 GPa). In addition, the nanocomposite presents an enhanced insulating electrical behavior (∼ 4.10−8 S/cm) despite the addition of the rGO nanoplatelets. Raman and Zeta Potential analysis indicated a possible wrapping of the rGOs by PEI, justifying the observed insulating electrical characteristics. The nanocomposite presents good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 136°, interesting to extend the lifetime and protect underlying layers from humidity, degradation, and encrustation. Therefore, we propose an attractive hydrophobic, electrically insulating, and mechanically resistant multifunctional coating for high-performance electronic interfaces from minor cuts and abrasions, dispensing maintainer intervention.
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| 12. |
- Neves, Ana Luisa, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of the Use of Health and Fitness Mobile Apps by Patients With Asthma : Secondary Analysis of Observational Studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications. - 1438-8871. ; 23:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Health and fitness apps have potential benefits to improve self-management and disease control among patients with asthma. However, inconsistent use rates have been reported across studies, regions, and health systems. A better understanding of the characteristics of users and nonusers is critical to design solutions that are effectively integrated in patients' daily lives, and to ensure that these equitably reach out to different groups of patients, thus improving rather than entrenching health inequities. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of general health and fitness apps by patients with asthma and to identify determinants of usage. Methods: A secondary analysis of the INSPIRERS observational studies was conducted using data from face-to-face visits. Patients with a diagnosis of asthma were included between November 2017 and August 2020. Individual-level data were collected, including age, gender, marital status, educational level, health status, presence of anxiety and depression, postcode, socioeconomic level, digital literacy, use of health services, and use of health and fitness apps. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model the probability of being a health and fitness app user. Statistical analysis was performed in R. Results: A total of 526 patients attended a face-to-face visit in the 49 recruiting centers and 514 had complete data. Most participants were <= 40 years old (66.4%), had at least 10 years of education (57.4%), and were in the 3 higher quintiles of the socioeconomic deprivation index (70.1%). The majority reported an overall good health status (visual analogue scale [VAS] score>70 in 93.1%) and the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 34.3% and 11.9%, respectively. The proportion of participants who reported using health and fitness mobile apps was 41.1% (n=211). Multivariate models revealed that single individuals and those with more than 10 years of education are more likely to use health and fitness mobile apps (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.22, 95%CI 1.05-4.75 and aOR 1.95, 95%CI 1.12-3.45, respectively). Higher digital literacy scores were also associated with higher odds of being a user of health and fitness apps, with participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles reporting aORs of 6.74 (95%CI 2.90-17.40), 10.30 (95%CI 4.28-27.56), and 11.52 (95%CI 4.78-30.87), respectively. Participants with depression symptoms had lower odds of using health and fitness apps (aOR 0.32, 95%CI 0.12-0.83). Conclusions: A better understanding of the barriers and enhancers of app use among patients with lower education, lower digital literacy, or depressive symptoms is key to design tailored interventions to ensure a sustained and equitable use of these technologies. Future studies should also assess users' general health-seeking behavior and their interest and concerns specifically about digital tools. These factors may impact both initial engagement and sustained use.
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| 13. |
- Nguyen, Thanh N, et al.
(författare)
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Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: A 1-Year Follow-up.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 100:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, IVT treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases.There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the 1 year immediately before compared with 138,453 admissions during the 1-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% CI [95% CI 7.1-6.9]; p < 0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8% [5.1-4.6]; p < 0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1% [6.4-5.8]; p < 0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high-volume compared with low-volume centers (all p < 0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7% [0.6-0.9]; p = 0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31-1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82-2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations.There was a global decline and shift to lower-volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year.This study is registered under NCT04934020.
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| 14. |
- Padrela, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Insight into the Mechanisms of Cocrystallization of Pharmaceuticals in Supercritical Solvents
- 2015
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 15:7, s. 3175-3181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon dioxide has been extensively used as a green solvent medium for the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by replacing harmful organic solvents. This work explores the mechanisms underlying a novel recrystallization method-cocrystallization with supercritical solvent (CSS)-which enables APIs cocrystallization by suspending powders in pure CO2. Six well-known APIs that form cocrystals with saccharin (SAC) were processed by CSS, namely, theophylline (TPL), indomethacin (IND), carbamazepine (CBZ), caffeine (CAF), sulfamethazine (SFZ), and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Pure cocrystals were obtained for TPL, IND, and CBZ (with SAC) after 2 h of CSS processing. Convection was revealed to be a determining parameter for successful cocrystallization with high-yield levels. TPL-SAC was selected as a model system to study the cocrystallization kinetics in the gas, supercritical, and liquid phases under different conditions of pressure (8-20 MPa), temperature (30 to 70 degrees C), and convection regimes. The solubility of each substance in CO2 was measured at the selected working conditions. TPL-SAC showed a cocrystallization rate of 2.9% min(-1), two times higher than that of IND-SAC, due to the higher solubility of TPL in CO2. The cocrystallization kinetics was also improved by increasing the CO2 density, showing that cocrystallization was limited by the dissolution of cocrystal formers. Overall, the CSS process has a potential for scale-up as a novel, simple, solvent-free batch process whenever the cocrystal phase is formed in the CO2 media.
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| 15. |
- Rodrigues de Almeida, Tiago, 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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Likely, Light, and Accurate Context-Free Clusters-based Trajectory Prediction
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 24-28 Sept. 2023. - : IEEE. - 9798350399479 - 9798350399462 ; , s. 1269-1276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autonomous systems in the road transportation network require intelligent mechanisms that cope with uncertainty to foresee the future. In this paper, we propose a multi-stage probabilistic approach for trajectory forecasting: trajectory transformation to displacement space, clustering of displacement time series, trajectory proposals, and ranking proposals. We introduce a new deep feature clustering method, underlying self-conditioned GAN, which copes better with distribution shifts than traditional methods. Additionally, we propose novel distance-based ranking proposals to assign probabilities to the generated trajectories that are more efficient yet accurate than an auxiliary neural network. The overall system surpasses context-free deep generative models in human and road agents trajectory data while performing similarly to point estimators when comparing the most probable trajectory.
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| 16. |
- Ruivo, Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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Defining a Framework for the Development of ICT Services “Nearshoring” in Portugal
- 2015
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Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0509. ; 64, s. 140-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a framework for policies development enabling growth of Nearshore in information and communications technologies (ICT) services inside European Community (EC), which are based in Portuguese companies, emphasizing what is needed to explore the huge opportunity to develop exportations, employability and the national economy. In a market of ICTs Outsourcing services forecasted in 2017 to be larger than 1000 Billion Euros, it is necessary that Portugal accelerates developments in areas such as People, Policies, Infrastructures and Education, according to the proposed framework, which supports the growth from the 50th location worldwide and 2nd in Western Europe, regarding attractiveness for providing Outsourcing services, in order to become a preferential destination for the development of a “Nearshore” in EC.
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| 17. |
- Ruivo, Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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Using TOE and RBV Theories to Define a Theoretical Model to Assess ERP Value Across Iberian MANUFACTURING and Services SMEs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0509. ; 100, s. 474-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system literature reports few studies with a focus on specificities of an industry analysis. Based on the Technology-Organizational-Environment (TOE) framework and the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, we present a theoretically developed research model aiming at measuring and examining determinants of ERP use and value and their impact in the Iberian region (Portugal and Spain) across Manufacturing and Services industries in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The research model suggests ten hypotheses that will be tested and analysed with data from a questionnaire among firms that have adopted ERP systems in their organization. Due to the nature of the research model the data analysis will be supported by Partial Least Squares (PLS). Our aim with this research project is to provide new knowledge into which determinants contribute to ERP use and ERP value in Iberian Manufacturing and Services SMEs.
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| 18. |
- Schreiter, Tim, 1997-, et al.
(författare)
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The Magni Human Motion Dataset : Accurate, Complex, Multi-Modal, Natural, Semantically-Rich and Contextualized
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid development of social robots stimulates active research in human motion modeling, interpretation and prediction, proactive collision avoidance, human-robot interaction and co-habitation in shared spaces. Modern approaches to this end require high quality datasets for training and evaluation. However, the majority of available datasets suffers from either inaccurate tracking data or unnatural, scripted behavior of the tracked people. This paper attempts to fill this gap by providing high quality tracking information from motion capture, eye-gaze trackers and on-board robot sensors in a semantically-rich environment. To induce natural behavior of the recorded participants, we utilise loosely scripted task assignment, which induces the participants navigate through the dynamic laboratory environment in a natural and purposeful way. The motion dataset, presented in this paper, sets a high quality standard, as the realistic and accurate data is enhanced with semantic information, enabling development of new algorithms which rely not only on the tracking information but also on contextual cues of the moving agents, static and dynamic environment.
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