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- Jamil, S., et al.
(författare)
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Neuroblastoma cells injected into experimental mature teratoma reveal a tropism for embryonic loose mesenchyme
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oncology. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1019-6439 .- 1791-2423. ; 43:3, s. 831-838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embryonic neural tumors are responsible for a disproportionate number of cancer deaths in children. Although dramatic improvements in survival for pediatric malignancy has been achieved in previous years advancements seem to be slowing down. For the development of new enhanced therapy and an increased understanding of the disease, pre-clinical models better capturing the neoplastic niche are essential. Tumors of early childhood present in this respect a particular challenge. Here, we explore how components of the embryonic process in stem-cell induced mature teratoma can function as an experimental in vivo microenvironment instigating the growth of injected childhood neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines. Three human NB cell lines, IMR-32, Kelly and SK-N-BE(2), were injected into mature pluripotent stem cell-induced teratoma (PSCT) and compared to xenografts of the same cell lines. Proliferative NB cells from all lines were readily detected in both models with a typical histology of a poorly differentiated NB tumor with a variable amount of fibrovascular stroma. Uniquely in the PSCT microenvironment, NB cells were found integrated in a non-random fashion. Neuroblastoma cells were never observed in areas with well-differentiated somatic tissue i.e. bone, muscle, gut or areas of other easily identifiable tissue types. Instead, the three cell lines all showed initial growth exclusively occurring in the embryonic loose mesenchymal stroma, resulting in a histology recapitulating NB native presentation in vivo. Whether this reflects the 'open' nature of loose mesenchyme more easily giving space to new cells compared to other more dense tissues, the rigidity of matrix providing physical cues modulating NB characteristics, or if embryonic loose mesenchyme may supply developmental cues that attracted or promoted the integration of NB, remains to be tested. We tentatively hypothesize that mature PSCT provide an embryonic niche well suited for in vivo studies on NB.
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- Baron, F., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of in vivo T-cell depletion on outcome of AML patients in first CR given peripheral blood stem cells and reduced-intensity conditioning allo-SCT from a HLA-identical sibling donor : a report from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0268-3369 .- 1476-5365. ; 49:3, s. 389-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of in vivo T-cell depletion on transplantation outcomes in patients transplanted with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) remains controversial. This study assessed the outcome of 1250 adult patients with de novo AML in first CR (CR1) given PBSC from HLA-identical siblings after chemotherapy-based RIC. A total of 554 patients did not receive any form of in vivo T-cell depletion (control group), whereas antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and alemtuzumab were given in 444 and 252 patients, respectively. The incidences of grade II-IV acute GVHD were 21.4, 17.6 and 10.2% in control, ATG and alemtuzumab patients, respectively (P less than 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the use of ATG and the use of alemtuzumab were each associated with a lower risk of chronic GVHD (P less than 0.001 each), but a similar risk of relapse, and of nonrelapse mortality, and similar leukemia-free survival and OS. Further, among patients given BU-based RIC, the use of less than 6 mg/kg ATG did not increase the risk of relapse (hazard ratio, HR=1.1), whereas there was a suggestion for higher relapse risk in patients given greater than= 6 mg/kg ATG (HR=1.4, P=0.08). In summary, these data suggest that a certain amount of in vivo T-Cell depletion can be safely used in the conditioning of AML patients in CR1 given PBSC after chemotherapy-based RIC.
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- Cui, H, et al.
(författare)
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Inactivation of H19, an imprinted and putative tumor repressor gene, is a preneoplastic event during Wilms' tumorigenesis
- 1997
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. ; 57:20, s. 4469-4473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic evidence shows that the parent of origin-dependent expression patterns of the Igf2 and H19 genes is coordinated in mouse, such that H19 controls the activity of Igf2 in cis. Equally compelling evidence for a similar situation in humans is absent, although the frequently observed activation of the maternal IGF2 allele (ie., loss of imprinting) in Wilms' tumors has been attributed to the silencing of the maternal H19 locus. We show here that loss of H19 activity is generally a preneoplastic event, which may be linked with an overgrowth lesion that has been proposed to be permissive for tumor formation. Although our results document one instance in which a postneoplastic loss of H19 activity correlates with loss of IGF2 imprinting at the cellular level, it appears that inactivation of H19 is more generally independent of loss of imprinting of IGF2, at least in our specimens. Our results imply that inactivation of H19 correlates with blastema overgrowth and can be independent of a regulatory role with respect to IGF2 imprinting status in cis.
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