| 1. |
- Anjo, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Modeling the long-term impact of demand response in energy planning : The Portuguese electric system case study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 165, s. 456-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the urge to decrease carbon emissions, electricity systems need to evolve to promote the integration of renewable resources and end-use energy efficiency. Demand Response (DR) can be used as a strategy, one among many, to improve the balance between demand and supply of electricity, especially in systems that rely heavily on variable energy renewable resources. Thus, it is important to understand up to what extent a countrywide system would cope with DR implementation. In this work, the impact of demand response in the long-term is assessed, using a model of the Portuguese electricity system in the modeling tool OSeMOSYS. The theoretical potential of DR is computed to understand better the impact on the overall system planning, by analyzing three scenarios – a business as usual scenario, a carbon-free system scenario in 2050, and a scenario without heavy carbon emission restrictions. DR impact in all three scenarios results in a decrease in the overall costs, on the capacity installed and in an increase in the percentage of renewable capacity. Further, an economic analysis showed that DR would take 15 years, on average, to influence the average electricity cost and that the reduction in total costs is mainly due to the avoided capacity investments.
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| 2. |
- Brinkerink, Maarten, et al.
(författare)
-
SYSTEM DYNAMICS WITHIN TYPICAL DAYS OF A HIGH VARIABLE 2030 EUROPEAN POWER SYSTEM
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of variability in electricity generation on future high variable European power systems is a subject of extensive research within the current scientific literature. The common approach in these studies, regarding the assessment of the impact of the variability and related balancing assets, is by showing yearly aggregates (or longer) of results based on a variety of indicators. Although significant, these studies often lack in temporal details. This paper therefore focuses on the dynamics between load, generation, marginal cost and assets for balancing the generation variability, within a variety of typical days in a fully-integrated European power market. This is done by assessments of daily snapshots based on an hourly time resolution. The assessments underline the necessity of balancing assets, both during peaks as well as during lows in the output of variable generators. Interconnection capacity, electricity storage and demand response (DR) applications all contribute to renewables integration and to optimized utilization of cost-efficient generation capacity throughout the European power system. Important load flows from and towards load centers with high capacities of variable renewables are identified, as well as a significant role for transit countries with high interconnection capacities between these load centers. Despite the importance of electricity storage, it is shown that the traditional utilization of centralized electricity storage fleets becomes less viable with increasing penetration of variable renewables. A potential high CO2 price in the future European power market (€70-€75/MWh) can become a determining factor in the system dynamics. Large
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| 3. |
- Gardumi, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
-
From the development of an open-source energy modelling tool to its application and the creation of communities of practice : The example of OSeMOSYS
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 20, s. 209-228
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decades, energy modelling has supported energy planning by offering insights into the dynamics between energy access, resource use, and sustainable development. Especially in recent years, there has been an attempt to strengthen the science-policy interface and increase the involvement of society in energy planning processes. This has, both in the EU and worldwide, led to the development of open-source and transparent energy modelling practices. This paper describes the role of an open-source energy modelling tool in the energy planning process and highlights its importance for society. Specifically, it describes the existence and characteristics of the relationship between developing an open-source, freely available tool and its application, dissemination and use for policy making. Using the example of the Open Source energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS), this work focuses on practices that were established within the community and that made the framework's development and application both relevant and scientifically grounded.
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| 4. |
- Henke, Hauke, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
The base for a European engagement model : an open source electricity model of seven countries around the Baltic sea
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 15th International Conference of Young Scientists on Energy Issues (CYSENI 2018). - Kaunas, Lithuania. ; , s. IV-212-IV-233
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a long-term open source energy planning model for Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Sweden, as part of the preparation of a Pan-European model within the Horizon 2020 REEEM project. The model is built using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and is conceived as a stakeholder engagement model, comprehensive but accessible. It aims to lower the threshold to join and contribute to a model-based discussion about the optimal decarbonisation pathways for the energy supply of the region. The lowest net present value for the modelled system and period (2015-2050) is calculated by using linear optimization. Existing and planned trans-border transmission capacity between the included countries is considered in the model. New projects are also allowed as far as economically optimal. The electricity exchangeto countries not covered by the model are not modelled as of yet. Ten fuels are used by the technologies defined in the model, namely biomass, coal, geothermal, heavy fuel oil, hydro, natural gas, nuclear, wind and waste. In addition to technology parameters like investment cost, fuel cost, and fixed and variable operation and maintenance cost, an increasing emission penalty for carbon dioxide is defined, which represents the cost related to the emission of greenhouse gases (similar to the European emission trading system). The model provides insights on how the cross-border electricity exchange might develop in the modelled period while decarbonizing the energy sector and considering the unequal distribution of (renewable) resources. But most importantly, the model builds the base for the first fully open source energy model for Europe, including the used data. It shall be conceived as a comprehensive modular tool for engagement in the field of European energy planning, especially for learning in academia, but also by the integration into an open engagement game for decision makers and stakeholders.
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| 5. |
- Niet, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a community of practice around an open source energy modelling tool
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 35
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy modelling is critical for addressing challenges such as integrating variable renewable energy and addressing climate impacts. This paper describes the updated code management structure and code updates, the revised community forum and the outreach activities that have built a vibrant community of practice around OSeMOSYS. The code management structure has allowed code improvements to be incorporated into the model, the community forum provides users with a place to ask and answer questions, and the outreach activities connect members of the community. Overall, these three pillars show how a community of practice can be built around an open source tool and provides an example for other developers and users of open source software wanting to build a community of practice.
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| 6. |
- Normark, B., et al.
(författare)
-
DC Power Production and Consumption in Households
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 237-248
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigates the potential benefits and feasibility of household DC networks. Unlike the case of AC systems, a well-established set of standards for household DC networks is currently lacking. This work reviews some of the most promising suggestions and further analyzes those that are most suitable to be implemented. In addition, a comparative study is carried out between a hybrid AC-DC system and a proposed DC configuration, for different selected geographical conditions in the EU. Specifically, the comparative study focuses on energy savings from avoiding conversion losses, and economic payback. The choice of transitioning to DC networks in households is found to be dependent on the evolution of electricity consumption of household devices, residential solar PV penetration, and the cost of DC power converters. It is most likely that DC household networks will be taken up in parallel to the current AC system; a hybrid configuration with installations of parallel networks of AC and low-voltage DC distribution systems is a possible "transition solution." Some recent developments in favor of a transition of DC networks include the launch of USB 3.1 (capable of power delivery of up to 100. W), the dramatic fall in costs of solar PV since 2008, and growing support at the EU level for residential electricity storage through batteries. In addition, both the International Electrotechnical Commission and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers are actively engaged in developing DC network standards. This is critical for the large-scale adoption of low-voltage DC networks.
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| 7. |
- Normark, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Storage Solutions and Their Value
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 173-187
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy storage has increasingly come into focus as a key transformational technology in the energy system. This is driven by several factors, including: (1) the increased electrification of the energy system and the associated changes in demand patterns, driven by new loads such as electric vehicles and heat pumps; (2) the decarbonization of the power system and the associated increases in the penetration of variable renewable electricity production, and related security of supply concerns. In this chapter we explore the evolving role of storage in the EU energy system-both at present and in the future. This includes proposed changes in current legislative frameworks to support the diffusion of storage technologies-a key enabler in the EU's transition to a reliable, flexible, and affordable energy system.
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| 8. |
- Pappis, Ioannis, et al.
(författare)
-
The effects of climate change mitigation strategies on the energy system of Africa and its associated water footprint
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9326. ; 17:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Africa's economic and population growth prospects are likely to increase energy and water demands. This quantitative study shows that energy decarbonisation pathways reduce water withdrawals (WWs) and water consumption (WC) relative to the baseline scenario. However, the more aggressive decarbonisation pathway (1.5 degrees C) leads to higher overall WWs than the 2.0 degrees C scenario but lower WC levels by 2065. By 2065, investments in low-carbon energy infrastructure increase annual WWs from 1% (52 bcm) in the 2.0 degrees C to 2% (85 bcm) in the 1.5 degrees C scenarios of total renewable water resources in Africa compared to 3% (159 bcm) in the baseline scenario with lower final energy demands in the mitigation scenarios. WC decreases from 1.2 bcm in the 2.0 degrees C to 1 bcm in the 1.5 degrees C scenario, compared to 2.2 bcm in the baseline scenario by 2065, due to the lower water intensity of the low-carbon energy systems. To meet the 1.5 degrees C pathway, the energy sector requires a higher WW than the 2.0 degrees C scenario, both in total and per unit of final energy. Overall, these findings demonstrate the crucial role of integrated water-energy planning, and the need for joined-up carbon policy and water resources management for the continent to achieve climate-compatible growth.
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| 9. |
- Pereira Ramos, Eunice, et al.
(författare)
-
Climate, Land, Energy and Water systems interactions – from key concepts to model implementation with OSeMOSYS
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Climate, Land, Energy and Water systems (CLEWs) approach guides the development of integrated assessments. The approach includes an analytical component that can be performed using simple accounting methods, soft-linking tools, incorporating cross-systems considerations in sectoral models, or using one modelling tool to represent CLEW systems. This paper describes how a CLEWs quantitative analysis can be performed using one single modelling tool, the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). Although OSeMOSYS was primarily developed for energy systems analysis, the tool’s functionality and flexibility allow for its application to CLEWs. A step-by-step explanation of how climate, land and water systems can be represented with OSeMOSYS, complemented with the interpretation of sets, parameters, and variables in the OSeMOSYS code, is provided. A hypothetical case serves as the basis for developing a modelling exercise that exemplifies the building of a CLEWs model in OSeMOSYS. System-centred scenario analysis is performed with the integrated model example to illustrate its application. The analysis of results shows how integrated insights can be derived from the quantitative exercise in the form of conflicts, trade-offs, opportunities, and synergies. In addition to the modelling exercise, using the OSeMOSYS-CLEWs example in teaching, training and open science is explored to support knowledge transfer and advancement in the field.
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| 10. |
- Pfenninger, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Opening the black box of energy modelling : Strategies and lessons learned
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 19, s. 63-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global energy system is undergoing a major transition, and in energy planning and decision-making across governments, industry and academia, models play a crucial role. Because of their policy relevance and contested nature, the transparency and open availability of energy models and data are of particular importance. Here we provide a practical how-to guide based on the collective experience of members of the Open Energy Modelling Initiative (Openmod). We discuss key steps to consider when opening code and data, including determining intellectual property ownership, choosing a licence and appropriate modelling languages, distributing code and data, and providing support and building communities. After illustrating these decisions with examples and lessons learned from the community, we conclude that even though individual researchers' choices are important, institutional changes are still also necessary for more openness and transparency in energy research.
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| 11. |
- Ramos, Eunice, et al.
(författare)
-
a retrospective of activities and advances to 2019 : a retrospective of activities and advances to 2019
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9326. ; 16:3
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Population growth, urbanization and economic development drive the use of resources. Securing access to essential services such as energy, water, and food, while achieving sustainable development, require that policy and planning processes follow an integrated approach. The 'Climate-, Land-, Energy- and Water-systems' (CLEWs) framework assists the exploration of interactions between (and within) CLEW systems via quantitative means. The approach was first introduced by the International Atomic Energy Agency to conduct an integrated systems analysis of a biofuel chain. The framework assists the exploration of interactions between (and within) CLEW systems via quantitative means. Its multi-institutional application to the case of Mauritius in 2012 initiated the deployment of the framework. A vast number of completed and ongoing applications of CLEWs span different spatial and temporal scales, discussing two or more resource interactions under different political contexts. Also, the studies vary in purpose. This shapes the methods that support CLEWs-type analyses. In this paper, we detail the main steps of the CLEWs framework in perspective to its application over the years. We summarise and compare key applications, both published in the scientific literature, as working papers and reports by international organizations. We discuss differences in terms of geographic scope, purpose, interactions represented, analytical approach and stakeholder involvement. In addition, we review other assessments, which contributed to the advancement of the CLEWs framework. The paper delivers recommendations for the future development of the framework, as well as keys to success in this type of evaluations.
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| 12. |
- Ramos, Eunice, et al.
(författare)
-
Capacity development and knowledge transfer on the climate, land, water and energy nexus
- 2022. - 1
-
Ingår i: Handbook on the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. ; , s. 149-177
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A significant obstacle to the incorporation of Nexus considerations in planning and policy design is the understanding and acknowledgement of cross-sectoral interdependencies. This chapter explores the importance of disseminating knowledge of the Nexus among key actors from policy, business and civil society, and in formal education contexts. Examples from capacity development activities and Nexus dialogues linked to the implementation of the Climate, Land, Energy and Water systems (CLEWs) framework are presented. Insights from the latter, as well as other initiatives with similar scope of action, are distilled to forward the importance of learning in such an approach. Additionally, the chapter highlights the main aspects to take into account when promoting these types of activities in new Nexus contexts.
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| 13. |
- Ramos, Eunice, et al.
(författare)
-
Climate, Land, Energy and Water systems interactions-From key concepts to model implementation with OSeMOSYS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science and Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-9011 .- 1873-6416. ; 136, s. 696-716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Climate, Land, Energy and Water systems (CLEWs) approach guides the development of integrated assess-ments. The approach includes an analytical component that can be performed using simple accounting methods, soft-linking tools, incorporating cross-systems considerations in sectoral models, or using one modelling tool to represent CLEW systems. This paper describes how a CLEWs quantitative analysis can be performed using one single modelling tool, the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). Although OSeMOSYS was pri-marily developed for energy systems analysis, the tool's functionality and flexibility allow for its application to CLEWs. A step-by-step explanation of how climate, land, energy, and water systems can be represented with OSeMOSYS, complemented with the interpretation of sets, parameters, and variables in the OSeMOSYS code, is provided. A hypothetical case serves as the basis for developing a modelling exercise that exemplifies the building of a CLEWs model in OSeMOSYS. System-centred scenario analysis is performed with the integrated model example to illustrate its application. The analysis of results shows how integrated insights can be derived from the quantitative exercise in the form of conflicts, trade-offs, opportunities, and synergies. In addition to the modelling exercise, using the OSeMOSYS-CLEWs example in teaching, training and open science is explored to support knowledge transfer and advancement in the field.
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| 14. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, 1988-
(författare)
-
An analysis of factors influencing renewable energy deployment in the EU’s electricity sector
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The EU has set itself ambitious short- and long-term decarbonisation targets: a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 40% by 2030 and 80% by 2050, compared to 1990 levels. The power generation sector, currently responsible for around 55% of GHG emissions, is expected to contribute significantly to achieving the EU’s decarbonisation targets. Increasing the share of energy from renewable sources (RES), such as wind and solar, is an important step towards decarbonising the power generation sector. This dissertation analyses drivers, enablers, and barriers to renewable energy deployment in the EU’s electricity sector.The transition to power generation from renewable energy sources is strongly driven by targets and policies. In this dissertation, past RES deployment trajectories in selected EU Member States (MS) are studied to identify the most effective drivers to increasing deployment in the past as well as barriers that may potentially hinder its progress. A meta-analysis of previous studies shows the significant variance in projected levels of RES-E shares in the EU. While no study is expected to accurately predict future levels of RES-E, the meta-analysis showed their sensitivity to underlying data, assumptions, and methodologies. However, not all projection studies - and the energy strategies based on them – explicitly state their underlying assumptions.Technologies such as energy storage and smart grids can enable the increased penetration of variable RES by providing flexibility to the system. Here, the role and potential of large-scale electricity storage to enable higher shares of RES penetration is assessed using a combination of a long-term energy system (TIMES) and a power system model (PLEXOS). Further, the regulatory treatment of technologies such as energy storage is analysed and with suggested updates are provided to reflect their evolving role in the energy system. The thesis verifies findings in other studies that multiple benefits are required to justify battery storage in the EU until 2030. Further, this dissertation shows a clear correlation between degree of RES implementation and the value of storage. This is illustrated by the difference in feasibility of storage in the Reference scenarios and CO2 scenarios. Under current cost estimations and policy framework, there is no business case for large-scale electricity storage in the EU until 2030 with the technologies considered, but it may become feasible by 2050 in selected markets. Further studies - including how multiple benefits could be used and consideration of other storage technologies - would provide additional insights on the potential role of large-scale electricity storage. The current status of smart energy solutions - such as smart meters and demand side management – in the EU is also studied in this dissertation. The study finds that the current emphasis on smart meter roll-outs must be followed up with measures such as real-time pricing in order to achieve the full potential of smart energy solutions.Increasing the share of variable RES also brings with it significant challenges. As the EU moves towards an internal energy market, the role of cross-border interconnectors will become crucial. This dissertation highlights the role that cross-border interconnectors are expected to play - such as enabling large-scale integration of variable RES, preventing loss of load, and ensuring cost-effective power generation – through a power system model, with an hourly resolution, of the EU’s power system in 2030.Finally, the transition to a system with high shares of variable RES must be achieved while maintaining, or improving upon, the high level of reliability currently enjoyed in the EU. Valuing electricity interruptions differently between EU MS may lead to mismatched incentives to improve reliability levels through cross-border interconnectors. This dissertation, for this first time, quantifies the differences in value of lost load for households across all twenty-eight EU Member States.The EU is on track to meet its 2020 RES targets, which are legally binding at the Member State level. The targets set in the 2030 climate and energy framework are only legally binding at the EU level and this is seen as a risk since Member States may not be sufficiently incentivised to invest in RES deployment beyond 2020. This dissertation analyses selected drivers, barriers, and enablers of renewable energy deployment in the EU’s electricity sector to help achieve the EU’s stated decarbonisation targets. In particular, the potential role of large-scale electricity storage and cross-border interconnectors is highlighted as being of crucial importance. Finally, the variance in costs of electricity supply interruptions across the EU is also presented as a potential barrier to increased RES-E penetration.
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| 15. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek
(författare)
-
Conclusions
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 219-220
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous chapters in this section addressed the need for a reliable, flexible, and secure energy system. Solutions to affordably achieve a transition to a low-carbon energy system that fulfills these criteria were proposed. These solutions included a combination of technological and regulatory actions. Further, this section briefly touched upon socioeconomic costs of electricity supply interruptions. In this chapter, the main conclusions are provided, building on the findings from the previous chapters.
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| 16. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Drivers of renewable energy deployment in the EU : An analysis of past trends and projections
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy policy in the European Union (EU) is driven by the objective to transition to an affordable, reliable, and low carbon energy system. To achieve this objective, the EU has explicitly stated targets for greenhouse reduction, shares of renewable energy sources (RES), and energy efficiency improvements for 2020 and 2030. In this paper, we focus on the drivers, barriers and enablers to achieving the EU's RES targets (20% by 2020 and 27% by 2030). Effective energy policies play a key role in the deployment of RES technologies. In order to design effective policies, a clear understanding of past trends and projections for future deployment is required. In this paper, we first analyse the past deployment of RES technologies for electricity supply (RES-E) in selected EU Member States. This highlights the key drivers, barriers, and enablers for deployment of RES in the past. In a second step, we conduct a meta-analysis of projections for RES-E shares from multiple well-established studies. Such an analysis will help in supporting the design of more effective energy policies and successfully achieving the EU's energy targets.
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| 17. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
DRIVERS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEPLOYMENT IN THE EU: AN ANALYSIS OF PAST TRENDS AND PROJECTIONS
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy policy in the European Union (EU) is driven by the objective to transition to an affordable, reliable, and low carbon energy system. To achieve this objective, the EU has explicitly stated targets for greenhouse reduction, shares of renewable energy sources (RES), and energy efficiency improvements for 2020 and 2030. In this paper, we focus on the drivers, barriers and enablers to achieving the EU’s RES targets (20% by 2020 and 27% by 2030). Effective energy policies play a key role in the deployment of RES technologies. In order to design effective policies, a clear understanding of past trends and projections for future deployment is required. In this paper, we first analyse the past deployment of RES technologies for electricity supply (RES-E) in selected EU Member States. This highlights the key drivers, barriers, and enablers for deployment of RES in the past. In a second step, we conduct a meta-analysis of projections for RES-E shares from multiple well-established studies. Such an analysis will help in supporting the design of more effective energy policies and successfully achieving the EU’s energy targets.
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| 18. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek
(författare)
-
Introduction
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition: Insights for Policy Making. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 147-148
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Current trends and policies are progressing in the direction of an increasing share of electricity from renewable energy sources in the EU electricity system, in particular from variable sources such as wind and photovoltaics. In parallel to this, there is increasing use of electric appliances in households, varying significantly throughout the day. Together this results in potentially large and sometimes fast variation of both electricity production and consumption. For a secure energy system, it is critical to maintain continuous service in the face of rapid and large swings in supply or demand. This introductory chapter presents the topics that will be discussed in this section, namely: the need for flexibility and potential solutions; the need for reliability and measuring its cost; and the role of storage in this context.
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| 19. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Need for Flexibility and Potential Solutions
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 149-172
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With an increasing penetration of variable renewables in the EU in recent years, the flexibility of its power system is of critical importance. In this chapter, we first assess flexibility considerations in the past, prior to market liberalization. We then analyze the impact of increasing penetration of renewables on flexibility requirements. Further, we identify existing options to provide this flexibility. Finally, we use model-based analysis, we quantitatively assess potential solutions to deploying temporary production and storage. Business models and potential evolutions of the legislative framework associated with the different solutions are also proposed.
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| 20. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Need for Reliability and Measuring Its Cost
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Europe's Energy Transition - Insights for Policy Making. - : Elsevier. - 9780128098066 - 9780128099032 ; , s. 207-218
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At present, power supply in the EU is characterized by a relatively high reliability. It should, however, not be taken for granted given the increasing shares of variable RES. Choosing the socioeconomically optimal level of reliability to aim for requires a thorough understanding of the socioeconomic costs of electricity supply interruptions. This chapter provides guidance on how to measure the consequences of supply interruptions and thus determine the value of electricity supply security.
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| 21. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Redefining electricity storage for a redesigned market in the EU
-
Ingår i: Energy Policy. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Storage technologies have the potential to significantly support the EU’s electricity system, bringing a number of flexibility services. There are numerous electric energy storage (EES) technologies, tackling different magnitudes in terms of quantity of energy, ramp-up time, duration of discharge, costs, and lifetime. However, legislation around storage raises a number of challenges if analysed under the current unbundling rules involving a mix of regulated operators and market-based mechanisms. This stems partially from a non-inclusive definition of storage. The study provides an alternative definition which aims to capture the perspectives of multiple stakeholders. Furthermore, we discuss the need to value EES technologies such as batteries, pumped hydropower, flywheels, power-to-X, etc. based on their ability to provide different services. This is based on a techno-economic comparison of different EES technologies, given in additional tables. Finally, the study looks at how storage fits into the current regulatory system and proposes options for future systems so that EES are not discriminated against other flexibility options. A set of policy recommendations is provided that relates to the definition of storage, broadening ownership models, avoiding double grid fees, and valuing EES’ potential for supporting the EU’s 2030 energy and climate targets.
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| 22. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Smart energy solutions in the EU: State of play and measuring progress
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 20, s. 133-149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European energy system is undergoing, and will continue to in the future, a transition towards a more sustainable energy system. An important part of this will be the deployment of smart energy solutions in the household sector, including smart meters, controls, appliances, and their integration in home networks. This study is in support of the Commission's work related to smart energy solutions in the framework of the SET plan, in particular in understanding methods to develop indicators that can be used to measure progress under the Declaration of Intent for the Action 3.1 on Initiative for Smart solutions for energy consumers. First, ‘smart energy solutions’ are defined and the type of technologies that this includes are detailed. Once the scope has been established, existing indicators that are able to monitor the levels of deployment of such technologies will be reviewed. This includes indicators being proposed or used by international and Member State level energyagencies and other organisations. It is not intended that this study will comprehensively assess the actual deployment of smart energy solutions across all EU Member States. Instead, selected countries who are more advanced in the deployment of such technologies are considered in more detail. These include France, Switzerland, Ireland, UK, and Sweden. Finally, we review estimates of the potential of demand response in Europe to achieve goals related to energy efficiency, cost savings, and renewable energy penetration.
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| 23. |
- Shivakumar, Abhishek, et al.
(författare)
-
Valuing blackouts and lost leisure : Estimating electricity interruption costs for households across the European Union
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 34, s. 39-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Security of power supply is a crucial element of energy system planning and policy. However, the value that society places on it is not clearly known. Several previous studies estimate the cost of electricity interruptions for individual European Union (EU) Member States – as the Value of Lost Load (VoLL). In this paper, we use a production-function approach to estimate the average annual VoLL for households in all twenty-eight EU Member States. This is the first time that a unified approach has been applied for a single year across the EU. VoLL is further presented on an hourly basis to better understand the impact of the time at which the interruption occurs. Finally, we analyse the impact of ‘substitutability factor’ – the proportion of household activities that are electricity-dependent – on the VoLL. Results from this study show that the differences in VoLL between EU Member States is significantly large, ranging from 3.2 €/kWh in Bulgaria to 15.8 €/kWh in the Netherlands. The annual average VoLL for the EU was calculated to be 8.7 €/kWh. Results from this study can be used to inform key areas of European energy policy and market design.
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| 24. |
- Sridharan, Vignesh, et al.
(författare)
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Land, energy and water resource management and its impact on GHG emissions, electricity supply and food production- Insights from a Ugandan case study
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the excitement around the nexus between land, energy and water resource systems, policies enacted to govern and use these resources are still formulated in isolation, without considering the interdependencies. Using a Ugandan case study, we highlight the impact that one policy change in the energy system will have on other resource systems. We focus on deforestation, long term electricity supply planning, crop production, water consumption, land-use change and climate impacting greenhouse gas (GHG) trajectories. In this study, an open-source integrated modelling framework is used to map the ripple effects of a policy change related to reducing biomass consumption. We find that, despite the reduction in deforestation of woodlands and forests, the GHG emissions in the power sector is expected to increase in between 2040-2050, owing to higher fossil fuel usage. This policy change is also likely to increase the cost of electricity generation, which in turn affects the agricultural land types. There is a shift from irrigated to rainfed type land due to higher electricity costs. Through the use of this integrated model setup for Uganda, we highlight the need for integrated policy planning that takes into consideration the interlinkages between the resource systems and cross propagation effects.
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| 25. |
- Sridharan, Vignesh, et al.
(författare)
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Land, energy and water resource management and its impact on GHG emissions, electricity supply and food production- Insights from a Ugandan case study
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the excitement around the nexus between land, energy and water resource systems, policies enacted to govern and use these resources are still formulated in isolation, without considering the interdependencies. Using a Ugandan case study, we highlight the impact that one policy change in the energy system will have on other resource systems. We focus on deforestation, long term electricity supply planning, crop production, water consumption, land-use change and climate impacting greenhouse gas (GHG) trajectories. In this study, an open-source integrated modelling framework is used to map the ripple effects of a policy change related to reducing biomass consumption. We find that, despite the reduction in deforestation of woodlands and forests, the GHG emissions in the power sector is expected to increase in between 2040-2050, owing to higher fossil fuel usage. This policy change is also likely to increase the cost of electricity generation, which in turn affects the agricultural land types. There is a shift from irrigated to rainfed type land due to higher electricity costs. Through the use of this integrated model setup for Uganda, we highlight the need for integrated policy planning that takes into consideration the interlinkages between the resource systems and cross propagation effects.
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