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| 4. |
- Kesteloot, N., et al.
(författare)
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Deformation and mixing of coexisting shapes in neutron-deficient polonium isotopes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 92:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coulomb-excitation experiments are performed with postaccelerated beams of neutron-deficient Po-196,Po-198,Po-200,Po-202 isotopes at the REX-ISOLDE facility. A set of matrix elements, coupling the low-lying states in these isotopes, is extracted. In the two heaviest isotopes, Po-196,Po-198, the transitional and diagonal matrix elements of the 2(1)(+) state are determined. In Po-196,Po-198 multistep Coulomb excitation is observed, populating the 4(1)(+), 0(2)(+), and 2(2)(+) states. The experimental results are compared to the results from the measurement of mean-square charge radii in polonium isotopes, confirming the onset of deformation from Po-196 onwards. Three model descriptions are used to compare to the data. Calculations with the beyond-mean-field model, the interacting boson model, and the general Bohr Hamiltonian model show partial agreement with the experimental data. Finally, calculations with a phenomenological two-level mixing model hint at the mixing of a spherical structure with a weakly deformed rotational structure.
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| 7. |
- Balgoma, D, et al.
(författare)
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Linoleic acid-derived lipid mediators increase in a female-dominated subphenotype of COPD
- 2016
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 47:6, s. 1645-1656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality; however, the role of inflammatory mediators in its pathobiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gender in COPD on lipid mediator levels.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were obtained from healthy never-smokers, smokers and COPD patients (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage I–II/A–B) (n=114). 94 lipid mediators derived from the cytochrome-P450, lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenase pathways were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Multivariate modelling identified a 9-lipid panel in BALF that classified female smokers with COPD from healthy female smokers (p=6×10−6). No differences were observed for the corresponding male population (p=1.0). These findings were replicated in an independent cohort with 92% accuracy (p=0.005). The strongest drivers were the cytochrome P450-derived epoxide products of linoleic acid (leukotoxins) and their corresponding soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-derived products (leukotoxin-diols). These species correlated with lung function (r=0.87; p=0.0009) and mRNA levels of enzymes putatively involved in their biosynthesis (r=0.96; p=0.003). Leukotoxin levels correlated with goblet cell abundance (r=0.72; p=0.028).These findings suggest a mechanism by which goblet cell-associated cytochrome-P450 and sEH activity produce elevated leukotoxin-diol levels, which play a putative role in the clinical manifestations of COPD in a female-dominated disease sub-phenotype.
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| 10. |
- Gudmundsdotter, L, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic immunization for HIV
- 2006
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Ingår i: Springer seminars in immunopathology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0344-4325 .- 1432-2196. ; 28:3, s. 221-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- STALNACKE, K, et al.
(författare)
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Compliance in use of electric toothbrushes
- 1995
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 53:1, s. 17-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
- Wallin, Anders, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Donepezil in Alzheimer's disease : What to expect after 3 years of treatment in a routine clinical setting
- 2007
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - Basel : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 23:3, s. 150-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aims: Clinical short-term trails have shown positive effects of donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The outcome of continuous long-term treatment in the routine clinical settings remains to be investigated. Methods: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is a descriptive, prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study. Four hundred and thirty-five outpatients with the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, received treatment with donepezil. Patients were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), global rating (CIBIC) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) at baseline and every 6 months for a total period of 3 years. Results: The mean MMSE change from baseline was positive for more than 6 months and in subgroups of patients for 12 months. After 3 years of treatment the mean change from baseline in MMSE-score was 3.8 points (95% CI, 3.0-4.7) and the ADAS-cog rise was 8.2 points (95% CI, 6.4-10.1). This is better than expected in untreated historical cohorts, and better than the ADAS-cog rise calculated by the Stern equation (15.6 points, 95% CI, 14.5-16.6). After 3 years with 38% of the patients remaining, 30% of the them were unchanged or improved in the global assessment. Conclusion: Three-year donepezil treatment showed a positive global and cognitive outcome in the routine clinical setting. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG.
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| 14. |
- Al-Khalili, L, et al.
(författare)
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MEF2 activation in differentiated primary human skeletal muscle cultures requires coordinated involvement of parallel pathways
- 2004
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Cell physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6143 .- 1522-1563. ; 286:6, s. C1410-C1416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)2 transcription factor is important for development of differentiated skeletal muscle. We investigated the regulation of MEF2 DNA binding in differentiated primary human skeletal muscle cells and isolated rat skeletal muscle after exposure to various stimuli. MEF2 DNA binding activity in nonstimulated (basal) muscle cultures was almost undetectable. Exposure of cells for 20 min to 120 nM insulin, 0.1 and 1.0 mM hydrogen peroxide, osmotic stress (400 mM mannitol), or 1.0 mM 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β- d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) led to a profound increase in MEF2 DNA binding. To study signaling pathways mediating MEF2 activity, we preincubated human skeletal muscle cell cultures or isolated rat epitrochlearis muscles with inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (10 μM SB-203580), MEK1 (50 μM PD-98059), PKC (1 and 10 μM GF109203X), phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (10 μM LY-294002), or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK; 20 μM compound C). All stimuli resulted primarily in activation of MEF2D DNA binding. Exposure of cells to osmotic or oxidative stress increased MEF2 DNA binding via pathways that were completely blocked by MAPK inhibitors and partially blocked by inhibitors of PKC, PI 3-kinase, and AMPK. In epitrochlearis muscle, MAPK inhibitors blocked contraction but not AICAR-mediated MEF2 DNA binding. Thus activation of MEF2 in skeletal muscle is regulated via parallel intracellular signaling pathways in response to insulin, cellular stress, or activation of AMPK.
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| 16. |
- Andreasen, N, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and incidence of clinically diagnosed memory impairments in a geographically defined general population in Sweden. The Piteå Dementia Project
- 1999
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 18:3, s. 144-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Piteå River Valley all persons with memory impairment that interferes with normal life are referred to one hospital department for clinical workup and diagnosis. 619 patients were assessed in the department during the years 1990–1995. Of these, 36.9% had Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 30.4% had vascular dementia (VaD), 3.0% had a mixed AD/VaD, 3.2% had frontotemporal dementia and 5.3% had other forms of dementia. Another 7% had memory impairment but no dementia. The overall mean annual incidence rate of clinically relevant dementia was 295/100,000 persons at risk and the mean prevalence rate was 755/100,000 persons. For persons 65 years and older the incidence and prevalence rates were 840 and 2,150/100,000 persons, respectively. This means that annually, approximately 300 persons/100,000 population over the age of 40 need medical attention or social services.
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| 18. |
- Araujo, Rafael B., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the electrochemical properties of polypyridine and polythiophene for prospective applications in sustainable organic batteries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 19:4, s. 3307-3314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conducting polymers are being considered promising candidates for sustainable organic batteries mainly due to their fast electron transport properties and high recyclability. In this work, the key properties of polythiophene and polypyridine have been assessed through a combined theoretical and experimental study focusing on such applications. A theoretical protocol has been developed to calculate redox potentials in solution within the framework of the density functional theory and using continuous solvation models. Here, the evolution of the electrochemical properties of solvated oligomers as a function of the length of the chain is analyzed and then the polymer properties are estimated via linear regressions using ordinary least square. The predicted values were verified against our electrochemical experiments. This protocol can now be employed to screen a large database of compounds in order to identify organic electrodes with superior properties.
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| 19. |
- Araujo, Rafael B., et al.
(författare)
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Designing strategies to tune reduction potential of organic molecules for sustainable high capacity battery application
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 5:9, s. 4430-4454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic compounds evolve as a promising alternative to currently used inorganic materials in rechargeable batteries due to their low-cost, environmental friendliness and flexibility. One of the strategies to reach acceptable energy densities and to deal with the high solubility of known organic compounds is to combine small redox active molecules, acting as capacity carrying centres, with conducting polymers. Following this strategy, it is important to achieve redox matching between the chosen molecule and the polymer backbone. Here, a synergetic approach combining theory and experiment has been employed to investigate this strategy. The framework of the density functional theory connected with the reaction field method has been applied to predict the formal potential of 137 molecules and identify promising candidates for the referent application. The effects of including different ring types, e.g. fused rings or bonded rings, heteroatoms, and pi bonds, as well as carboxyl groups on the formal potential, have been rationalized. Finally, we have identified a number of molecules with acceptable theoretical capacities that show redox matching with thiophene-based conducting polymers which, hence, are suggested as pendent groups for the development of conducting redox polymer based electrode materials.
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| 20. |
- Bood, JR, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary excretion of lipid mediators in response to repeated eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea in asthmatic subjects
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1601 .- 8750-7587. ; 119:3, s. 272-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction displays refractoriness manifested as a decreased response to repeated exercise challenge within hours. The refractoriness may be attenuated by inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PG). The aim of the study was to determine which PGs and other lipid mediators are excreted during the refractory period. First, 16 subjects with mild stable asthma performed two repeated 4-min challenges with eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH) 1 and 3 h apart. There was a similar degree of refractoriness in both protocols (∼15% protection). The 1-h interval was too short to study mediator excretion because the urinary levels did not return to baseline before the second challenge. With the 3-h protocol, there was increased urinary excretion of cysteinyl-leukotrienes and metabolites of the mast cell product PGD2after both challenges. Next, another eight subjects performed two 6-min challenges with EVH 3 h apart, which produced a greater bronchoconstrictor response than the 4-min protocol (30.0 ± 5.4 vs. 17.7 ± 1.5%; P = 0.0029) and a greater degree of refractoriness (∼30%). Analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry confirmed excretion of the bronchoconstrictor cysteinyl-leukotrienes and PGD2during both challenges. In addition, there was increased excretion of the bronchoprotective PGE2, and also of the main metabolite of PGI2. This is the first report of excretion of PGE2and PGI2during the refractory period to EVH challenge, suggesting that they may mediate the refractoriness. Maintained excretion of PGD2and leukotriene E4following the repeat challenge argues against mast cell mediator depletion as the mechanism of refractoriness.
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| 21. |
- Brindefalk, B., et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial composition in Swedish raw drinking water reveals three major interacting ubiquitous metacommunities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microbiologyopen. - : Wiley. - 2045-8827. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Surface raw water used as a source for drinking water production is a critical resource, sensitive to contamination. We conducted a study on Swedish raw water sources, aiming to identify mutually co-occurring metacommunities of bacteria, and environmental factors driving such patterns. Methods The water sources were different regarding nutrient composition, water quality, and climate characteristics, and displayed various degrees of anthropogenic impact. Water inlet samples were collected at six drinking water treatment plants over 3 years, totaling 230 samples. The bacterial communities of DNA sequenced samples (n = 175), obtained by 16S metabarcoding, were analyzed using a joint model for taxa abundance. Results Two major groups of well-defined metacommunities of microorganisms were identified, in addition to a third, less distinct, and taxonomically more diverse group. These three metacommunities showed various associations to the measured environmental data. Predictions for the well-defined metacommunities revealed differing sets of favored metabolic pathways and life strategies. In one community, taxa with methanogenic metabolism were common, while a second community was dominated by taxa with carbohydrate and lipid-focused metabolism. Conclusion The identification of ubiquitous persistent co-occurring bacterial metacommunities in freshwater habitats could potentially facilitate microbial source tracking analysis of contamination issues in freshwater sources.
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| 22. |
- Busse, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Criteria evaluation for the transition of cracking modes in a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics (Print). - : ELSEVIER. - 0167-8442 .- 1872-7638. ; 106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-crystal nickel-base superalloys frequently experience two distinct fatigue crack growth modes. It has been observed that, under certain conditions, cracks transition from a path perpendicular to the loading direction to a crystallographic slip plane. As crystallographic cracking is associated with an increased fatigue crack growth rate, it is important to be able to predict when this transition occurs. In this work three different criteria for crystallographic cracking based on resolved anisotropic stress intensity factors are evaluated in a three-dimensional finite element context. The criteria were calibrated and evaluated using isothermal fatigue experiments on two different specimen geometries. It is suggested by the results, that a threshold value of a resolved shear stress intensity factor can act as a conservative criterion indicating cracking mode transition. Further, a trend hinting towards a loading frequency dependency could be observed.
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| 23. |
- Busse, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate in a single-crystal nickel-base superalloy
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Fatigue. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0142-1123 .- 1879-3452. ; 127, s. 259-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cracks in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys have been observed to switch cracking mode from Mode I to crystallographic cracking. The crack propagation rate is usually higher on the crystallographic planes compared to Mode I, which is important to account for in crack growth life predictions. In this paper, a method to evaluate the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate, based on a previously developed crystallographic crack driving force parameter, is presented. The crystallographic crack growth rate was determined by evaluating heat tints on the fracture surfaces of the test specimens from the experiments. Complicated crack geometries including multiple crystallographic crack fronts were modelled in a three dimensional finite element context, The data points of the crystallographic fatigue crack growth rate collapse on a narrow scatter band for the crystallographic cracks indicating a correlation with the previously developed crystallographic crack driving force.
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| 24. |
- Busse, Christian, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of crystallographic cracking planes in single-crystal nickel-base superalloys
- 2018
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Ingår i: Engineering Fracture Mechanics. - : Elsevier. - 0013-7944 .- 1873-7315. ; 196, s. 206-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inherent anisotropy of single-crystal nickel-base superalloys brings many difficulties in terms of modelling, evaluation and prediction of fatigue crack growth. Two models to predict on which crystallographic plane cracking will occur is presented. The models are based on anisotropic stress intensity factors resolved on crystallographic slip planes calculated in a three-dimensional finite-element context. The developed models have been compared to experiments on two different test specimen geometries. The results show that a correct prediction of the crystallographic cracking plane can be achieved. This knowledge is of great interest for the industry and academia to better understand and predict crack growth in single-crystal materials.
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