| 1. |
- Abdallah, J., et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical construction and installation of the ATLAS tile calorimeter
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 8, s. T11001-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarises the mechanical construction and installation of the Tile Calorimeter for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in CERN, Switzerland. The Tile Calorimeter is a sampling calorimeter using scintillator as the sensitive detector and steel as the absorber and covers the central region of the ATLAS experiment up to pseudorapidities +/- 1.7. The mechanical construction of the Tile Calorimeter occurred over a period of about 10 years beginning in 1995 with the completion of the Technical Design Report and ending in 2006 with the installation of the final module in the ATLAS cavern. During this period approximately 2600 metric tons of steel were transformed into a laminated structure to form the absorber of the sampling calorimeter. Following instrumentation and testing, which is described elsewhere, the modules were installed in the ATLAS cavern with a remarkable accuracy for a structure of this size and weight.
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| 2. |
- Blondin, Stéphane, et al.
(författare)
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StaNdaRT : a repository of standardised test models and outputs for supernova radiative transfer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first results of a comprehensive supernova (SN) radiative-transfer (RT) code-comparison initiative (StaNdaRT), where the emission from the same set of standardised test models is simulated by currently used RT codes. We ran a total of ten codes on a set of four benchmark ejecta models of Type Ia SNe. We consider two sub-Chandrasekhar-mass (Mtot = 1.0 M⊙) toy models with analytic density and composition profiles and two Chandrasekhar-mass delayed-detonation models that are outcomes of hydrodynamical simulations. We adopt spherical symmetry for all four models. The results of the different codes, including the light curves, spectra, and the evolution of several physical properties as a function of radius and time are provided in electronic form in a standard format via a public repository. We also include the detailed test model profiles and several Python scripts for accessing and presenting the input and output files. We also provide the code used to generate the toy models studied here. In this paper, we describe the test models, radiative-transfer codes, and output formats in detail, and provide access to the repository. We present example results of several key diagnostic features.
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| 3. |
- Heil, Katharina F., 1987-
(författare)
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A Systems Biological Approach to Parkinson's Disease
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the Western world. Itshows a high degree of genetic and phenotypic complexity with many implicated factors, various diseasemanifestations but few clear causal links. Ongoing research has identified a growing number of molecularalterations linked to the disease.Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, specifically their synapses, are the key-affected region in PD.Therefore, this work focuses on understanding the disease effects on the synapse, aiming to identify potentialgenetic triggers and synaptic PD associated mechanisms. Currently, one of the main challenges in this area isdata quality and accessibility.In order to study PD, publicly available data were systematically retrieved and analysed. 418 PD associatedgenes could be identified, based on mutations and curated annotations. I curated an up-to-date and completesynaptic proteome map containing a total of 6,706 proteins. Region specific datasets describing thepresynapse, postsynapse and synaptosome were also delimited. These datasets were analysed, investigatingsimilarities and differences, including reproducibility and functional interpretations.The use of Protein-Protein-Interaction Network (PPIN) analysis was chosen to gain deeper knowledgeregarding specific effects of PD on the synapse. Thus I generated a customised, filtered, human specificProtein-Protein Interaction (PPI) dataset, containing 211,824 direct interactions, from four public databases.Proteomics data and PPI information allowed the construction of PPINs. These were analysed and a set oflow level statistics, including modularity, clustering coefficient and node degree, explaining the network’stopology from a mathematical point of view were obtained.Apart from low-level network statistics, high-level topology of the PPINs was studied. To identify functionalnetwork subgroups, different clustering algorithms were investigated. In the context of biological networks, theunderlying hypothesis is that proteins in a structural community are more likely to share common functions.Therefore I attempted to identify PD enriched communities of synaptic proteins. Once identified, they werecompared amongst each other. Three community clusters could be identified as containing largely overlappinggene sets. These contain 24 PD associated genes. Apart from the known disease associated genes in thesecommunities, a total of 322 genes was identified. Each of the three clusters is specifically enriched for specificbiological processes and cellular components, which include neurotransmitter secretion, positive regulation ofsynapse assembly, pre- and post-synaptic membrane, scaffolding proteins, neuromuscular junctiondevelopment and complement activation (classical pathway) amongst others.The presented approach combined a curated set of PD associated genes, filtered PPI information andsynaptic proteomes. Various small- and large-scale analytical approaches, including PPIN topology analysis,clustering algorithms and enrichment studies identified highly PD affected synaptic proteins and subregions.Specific disease associated functions confirmed known research insights and allowed me to propose a newlist of so far unknown potential disease associated genes. Due to the open design, this approach can be usedto answer similar research questions regarding other complex diseases amongst others.
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| 4. |
- Moriya, Takashi J., et al.
(författare)
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An analytic bolometric light curve model of interaction-powered supernovae and its application to Type IIn supernovae
- 2013
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 435:2, s. 1520-1535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an analytic model for bolometric light curves which are powered by the interaction between supernova ejecta and a dense circumstellar medium. This model is aimed at modelling Type IIn supernovae to determine the properties of their supernova ejecta and circumstellar medium. Our model is not restricted to the case of steady mass loss and can be applied broadly. We only consider the case in which the optical depth of the unshocked circumstellar medium is not high enough to affect the light curves. We derive the luminosity evolution based on an analytic solution for the evolution of a dense shell created by the interaction. We compare our model bolometric light curves to observed bolometric light curves of three Type IIn supernovae (2005ip, 2006jd, 2010jl) and show that our model can constrain their supernova ejecta and circumstellar medium properties. Our analytic model is supported by numerical light curves from the same initial conditions.
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| 5. |
- Moriya, Takashi J., et al.
(författare)
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Mass-loss histories of Type IIn supernova progenitors within decades before their explosion
- 2014
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 439:3, s. 2917-2926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present results of a systematic study of the mass-loss properties of Type IIn supernova progenitors within decades before their explosion. We apply an analytic light-curve model to 11 Type IIn supernova bolometric light curves to derive the circumstellar medium properties. We reconstruct the mass-loss histories based on the estimated circumstellar medium properties. The estimated mass-loss rates are mostly higher than 10(-3) M-circle dot yr(-1) and they are consistent with those obtained by other methods. The mass-loss rates are often found to be constantly high within decades before their explosion. This indicates that there exists some mechanism to sustain the high mass-loss rates of Type IIn supernova progenitors for at least decades before their explosion. Thus, the shorter eruptive mass-loss events observed in some Type IIn supernova progenitors are not always responsible for creating their dense circumstellar media. In addition, we find that Type IIn supernova progenitors may tend to increase their mass-loss rates as they approach to the time of their explosion. We also show a detailed comparison between our analytic prediction and numerical results.
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| 6. |
- Sorokina, E. S., et al.
(författare)
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Sapphire-bearing magmatic rocks trace the boundary between paleo-continents: A case study of Ilmenogorsky alkaline complex, Uralian collision zone of Russia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gondwana Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1342-937X. ; 92, s. 239-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metamorphic gem corundum (mainly ruby) deposits are robust indicators of continent-continent collision processes. However, a systematic link of primary magmatic blue sapphire occurrences to orogenic belts is less understood. An example is the Ilmenogorsky alkaline complex, within the Ilmen Mountains region and part of the Uralian orogenic belt. The mobile belt is a product of the collision among Kazakhstania, Laurussia, and Siberia continents prior to the closure of the Paleo-Uralian ocean and formation of the Laurasia supercontinent (330-250 Ma). It is believed that the alkaline complex became included into the separate SysertskIlmenogorsk microcontinent with unconstrained borders, when sandwiched between Kazakhstania and Laurussia during that collision. Paleo-reconstructions illustrate that magmatic and metasomatic sapphire deposits linked to alkaline magmatism trace the natural boundary of the "lost" microcontinent with a high precision. The syenite pegmatites of alkaline complex carried unusually large corundum-blue sapphire megacrysts that have recorded the multi-stage development of the Ilmenogorsky complex. The deposits were formed at about 275-295 Ma ago as reconstructed by in situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating. This formation stage corresponds to a broader continental collision process followed by the formation of Uralian orogeny in the area of the Ilmenogorsky complex. One pegmatite deposit, the "298" mine, is characterized by the occurrence of unusually large corundum megacrysts. The analyses of Rb-Sr isotopic system in the rocks from this deposit revealed two isochrons at 249 +/- 2 Ma and 254 +/- 22 Ma implying a late stage modification of original pegmatites. The timing of this stage corresponds to the limited post-collision stretching time. Hence, corundum-blue sapphire studied from magmatic (syenites) and metasomatic rocks linked to alkaline rocks in Uralian orogen suggests as a promising indicator for constraining the timing of continent-to-continent collision processes. (c) 2021 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Tolstik, Nikolai, et al.
(författare)
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Spectral-luminescent properties of vapor deposited Cr:ZnS thin films and their application as saturable absorbers for 1.5-mu m erbium lasers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Optical Materials Express. - : Optical Society of America. - 2159-3930 .- 2159-3930. ; 8:3, s. 522-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the results of the extensive spectral-luminescent characterization including concentration quenching analysis of the first laser-quality vapor-deposited Cr:ZnS films, and demonstrate their use as saturable absorbers. Comparison of spectral-luminescent properties with bulk Cr: ZnS indicates their high laser quality, opening the way towards industrial mid-IR thin-disk and waveguide lasers. Successful implementation of the grown films in a Q-switched Er, Yb:GdAB solid-state laser emitting at 1.52 mu m gives clear experimental evidence of the high quality of the films.
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