| 1. |
- Allebeck, Peter, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Gothenburg study of women and alcohol: Low prevalence of abuse - trend toward increase appears to have abated : Studie i Göteborg om kvinnor och alkohol: Låg förekomst av missbruk - ökningen förefaller ha avklingat
- 2001
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 98:10, s. 1103-07
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prevalence of alcohol dependence and abuse (ADA) was determined in a cohort of women selected by stratified random sampling from the general population in Gothenburg. A questionnaire was administered to 3,130 women and 399 were interviewed. Questions were asked about social background, living conditions, family and working life. Volume and frequency of alcohol intake were recorded, and diagnoses were made according to DSM-III. We found that the one-year prevalence of ADA was 1.5 percent and the life time prevalence 3.3 percent. In a follow-up five years after base-line, the prevalence of ADA was unchanged, while indicators of high alcohol consumption and high episodic drinking showed reduced levels of problem drinking.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of drug use in three cohorts of young Swedish women
- 2005
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Ingår i: Kettil Bruun Society, Annual Meeting Riverside CA, USA, 20050530-03.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presents prevalence of drug use among 1123 women aged 20 and 25 years in Göteborg, Sweden. The aim of the study was to measure prevalence of illegal and legal drug use in three cross-sectional cohorts interviewed in 1990, 1995 and 2000 as well as to describe the development of drug use within the same period. Prevalence was calculated for illicit and licit drug use in total and for three different patterns of drug use; narcotics only, medications only or a combination of the use of these substances. Also presented is the frequency of drug use. Further was analysed trends in changes of the use of nine specified drugs. Results: Both life-time and 12-months use of illicit drugs was significantly higher for 20-year-old women in 2000 (from 20.2% to 33.4% and from 9.5% to 22.3% respectively). The use of licit drugs was highest (but not significant) among 25-year-old women in 1990. Cannabis was the most prevalent drug used with a significant increase in life-time use for 20-year-old women from 17,4% to 28,8%. Both age-groups reported significant increases in the use of heroin, 25-year-old women in use of psychedelica and 20-year-old women in use of other drugs. Conclusions: The prevalence rates found were higher than compared to contemporary studies in Sweden. Further was found a significant trend for using both illegal and legal drugs among the youngest cohort, and a tendency for more regular use of drugs in both age-groups in 2000.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalens av användning/missbruk av legala och illegala droger i tre kohorter unga, svenska kvinnor
- 2004
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Ingår i: Riksstämman, Göteborg 2004.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Efter en minskning under 1980-talet visar ett flertal studier både inom och utanför Europa på en ökning av droganvändandet från 1990-talet och framåt. Detta gäller framför allt bland yngre personer och cannabis är den mest förekommande drog i alla rapporteringar. Totalt för Sverige svarade 16% bland ungdomar (19-24 år) år 2000 att man prövat narkotika. Metod: Data från en longitudinell befolkningsundersökning, “Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”. Denna presentation avser tvärsnittsstudier av droganvändande hos tre kohorter 20 och 25 åriga unga kvinnor intervjuade mellan 1990 och 2000. Resultatet redovisas både som prevalenstal i jämförelse mellan de tre intervjuomgångarna och som trendanalys av förändringen i användandet av enskilda drogtyper. Resultat: Andelen 20-åriga kvinnor som enbart använt illegala droger ökade från 14,7 till 17,7% mellan åren 1995 och 2000. Vad gäller gruppen som använde både illegala droger och beroendeframkallande mediciner (BM) ökade denna bland 20-åriga kvinnor från 5,5 1995 till 15,7% 2000. Däremot var gruppen som enbart använde BM högst hos 25-åringar år 1990, därefter sågs sjunkande siffror 1995 och 2000. Livstidsprevalensen för cannabis ökade hos 20-åringar från 17,4 till 28,8%. Övriga specifika illegala droger gav prevalenstal mellan 0,5 och 5,4% med en signifikant ökning för heroin i båda åldersgrupperna år 2000. Sammanfattning: Användandet av illegala droger ökade under 90-talet, framförallt hos 20-åriga kvinnor. Det syntes en svag tendens till att även 25-åringar år 2000 fortsatte använda droger i högre grad än tidigare. Likaså syntes en tendens till att användandet blivit mer frekvent i båda åldersgrupperna år 2000. Gruppen av 20-åriga kvinnor som enbart använde BM minskade i omfattning år 2000 medan en signifikant ökning syntes för gruppen som använde både illegala droger och BM.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Maria Christina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in primary care - the PRIM-NET controlled trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of primary health care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7724 .- 0281-3432. ; 35:2, s. 126-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) is recommended as an efficient treatment alternative for depression in primary care. However, only few previous studies have been conducted at primary care centers (PCCs). We evaluated long-term effects of ICBT treatment for depression compared to treatment as usual (TAU) in primary care settings.Randomized controlled trial.Patients were enrolled at16 PCCs in south-west Sweden.Patients attending PCCs and diagnosed with depression (n=90).Patients were assessed by a primary care psychologist/psychotherapist and randomized to ICBT or TAU. The ICBT included an ICBT program consisting of seven modules and weekly therapist e-mail or telephone support during the 3-month treatment period.Questionnaires on depressive symptoms (BDI-II), quality of life (EQ-5D) and psychological distress (GHQ-12) were administered at baseline, with follow-ups at 3, 6 and 12 months. Antidepressants and sedatives use, sick leave and PCC contacts were registered.Intra-individual change in depressive symptoms did not differ between the ICBT group and the TAU group during the treatment period or across the follow-up periods. At 3-month follow-up, significantly fewer patients in ICBT were on antidepressants. However, the difference leveled out at later follow-ups. There were no differences between the groups concerning psychological distress, sick leave or quality of life, except for a larger improvement in quality of life in the TAU group during the 0- to 6-month period.ICBT with weekly minimal therapist support in primary care can be equally effective as TAU among depressed patients also over a 12-month period.The trial was registered in the Swedish Registry, researchweb.org, ID number 30511.
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| 5. |
- Lapidus, L, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol intake among women and its relationship to diabetes incidence and all-cause mortality: the 32-year follow-up of a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2005
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. ; 28, s. 2230-2235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Uni, Göteborg University, Box 454 S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. leif.lapidus@swipnet.se OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to explore the predictive value of women's alcohol habits in relation to incidence of diabetes and all-cause mortality. Special attention was paid to potential confounding factors such as age, heredity, education, socioeconomic group, physical inactivity, smoking, blood pressure, serum lipids, and, in particular, obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A longitudinal population study consisting of a representative sample of 1,462 women aged 38-60 started in Göteborg, Sweden, in 1968-1969 monitoring for diabetes and mortality over 32 years. RESULTS: Alcohol intake, expressed as intake of wine, hard liquor, or total grams of alcohol, was significantly negatively associated to 32-year diabetes incidence independent of age. However, the apparently protective effect of the alcohol variables was attenuated when BMI was included as a covariate. The inverse relationship between wine intake and diabetes did not remain after adjustment for physical activity or socioeconomic group. Beer and wine intake were significantly negatively associated to mortality. Increase of alcohol intake between the examination in 1968-1969 and 1980-1981 was significantly inversely related to the mortality between 1980-1981 and 2000-2001 and independent of all covariates. No relationship was observed between an increase in alcohol intake and diabetes incidence. However, after adjustment for age, family history, and basal alcohol consumption altogether, a significant inverse relationship was observed between increase of alcohol and diabetes incidence. CONCLUSIONS: The initially significant inverse associations observed between alcohol and diabetes as well as mortality were dependent on a number of confounding factors, of which BMI seems to be the most important. PMID: 16123495 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 6. |
- Spak, Fredrik, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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[The Gothenburg study of women and alcohol: problems during childhood and adolescence important risk factors]
- 2001
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 98:10, s. 1109-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a part of longitudinal study concerning women and alcohol in Gothenburg. The aim was to find out more about risk factors for alcohol dependence and abuse (ADA) among women in the general population, as well as social conditions and life style among these women. Several indicators of dissatisfactory childhood conditions, and particularly sexual abuse before age 13, were related to ADA in adulthood. Early substance abuse, such as having been intoxicated before age 15 and having used narcotics before 18, was strongly related to future ADA. Our findings point to the need of paying attention to mental health problems in childhood and youth, and to prevent early use of alcohol and drugs.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Spak, Lena, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Factors in childhood and youth predicting alcohol dependence and abuse in Swedish women: Findings from a general population study
- 1997
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 0735-0414. ; 32:3, s. 267-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to assess risk factors during childhood and youth for alcohol dependence/abuse (ADA) in a population-based study of Swedish women. A total of 316 women were interviewed after stratified random sampling in the general population and a screening questionnaire. The interviews focused on social, psychological and behaviour characteristics as well as on early substance use patterns. Alcohol diagnoses were made according to DSM-III-R and CIDI-SAM. Experiences of sexual abuse before the age of 13 years, a history of psychological or psychiatric problems, early deviant behaviour and an episode of alcohol intoxication before the age of 15 years were significantly associated with ADA in a logistic model. General indicators of low social class were not associated with increased risk of ADA in a multivariate analysis. Sexual abuse in childhood was the strongest predictor of ADA. This association has potential public health importance, and should be addressed in future studies on women and alcohol. PMID: 9199727 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 9. |
- Spak, Lena, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual abuse and alcoholism in a female population
- 1998
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Ingår i: Addiction. - 0965-2140. ; 93:9, s. 1365-1373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: (1) To study the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse before the age of 18 years (CSA) and life-time sexual abuse (LSA) in a Swedish female, general population, (2) to analyse associations between CSA and life-time alcohol dependence or abuse (ADA), and (3) to identify possible confounding factors. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1: an alcohol problem screening questionnaire was sent to 3130 women aged 25-65. The answers were scored. Phase 2: based on the questionnaire scores, a randomly selected stratified sample of 479 women was invited for an interview. Of these, 316 women participated in a structured face-to-face interview. SETTING: A sector of Göteborg city with 100,000 inhabitants. MEASUREMENTS: The interviews focused on substance use and on social, psychological and behavioural characteristics, including experiences of sexual abuse. Clinical psychiatric diagnoses were made according to DSM-III-R. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. FINDINGS: The prevalence of CSA and LSA was 9.8% and 13.9%, respectively. CSA increased the risk for life-time ADA and anxiety, but not for depression. When potential confounding factors (e.g. early background factors, depression and anxiety) were adjusted for, CSA under 13 years of age still predicted ADA in multivariate analyses, but CSA under 18 years of age did not. CONCLUSIONS: LSA, and especially CSA under 13 years of age, are factors that should be considered in treatment of women with ADA and in psychiatric treatment of women. PMID: 9926542 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 10. |
- Sundin, Maud, et al.
(författare)
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Substance use/abuse and suicidal behavior in young adult women: a population-based study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Substance use & misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-2491 .- 1082-6084. ; 46:13, s. 1690-1699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Associations between substance use variables and suicidal behavior were analyzed in an urban population sample from ("the Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg" study). In Phase I, 20-year-old women (n = 2,069) completed a screening questionnaire. Interviews were carried out with a stratified sample (n = 560). Data, collected in 1995 and 2000, were analyzed using logistic regression to generate odds ratios. Drug use, but not risky alcohol consumption, was associated with suicidal thoughts after adjusting for current depression. Study limitations and implications for suicide prevention are discussed. The study was funded by the Swedish Research Council and the Alcohol Research Council of Sweden.
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| 11. |
- Anderson, P., et al.
(författare)
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Improving the delivery of brief interventions for heavy drinking in primary health care: outcome results of the Optimizing Delivery of Health Care Intervention (ODHIN) five-country cluster randomized factorial trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 1360-0443 .- 0965-2140. ; 111:11, s. 1935-1945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To test if training and support, financial reimbursement and option of referring screen-positive patients to an internet-based method of giving advice (eBI) can increase primary health-care providers' delivery of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)-C-based screening and advice to heavy drinkers. Design: Cluster randomized factorial trial with 12-week implementation and measurement period. Setting: Primary health-care units (PHCU) in different locations throughout Catalonia, England, the Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. Participants: A total of 120 PHCU, 24 in each of Catalonia, England, the Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. Interventions: PHCUs were randomized to one of eight groups: care as usual, training and support (TS), financial reimbursement (FR) and eBI; paired combinations of TS, FR and eBI, and all of FR, TS and eBI. Measurements: The primary outcome measure was the proportion of eligible adult (age 18+ years) patients screened during a 12-week implementation period. Secondary outcome measures were proportion of screen-positive patients advised; and proportion of consulting adult patients given an intervention (screening and advice to screen-positives) during the same 12-week implementation period. Findings: During a 4-week baseline measurement period, the proportion of consulting adult patients who were screened for their alcohol consumption was 0.059 per PHCU (95% CI 0.034 to 0.084). Based on the factorial design, the ratio of the logged proportion screened during the 12-week implementation period was 1.48 (95% CI=1.13–1.95) in PHCU that received TS versus PHCU that did not receive TS; for FR, the ratio was 2.00 (95% CI=1.56–2.56). The option of referral to eBI did not lead to a higher proportion of patients screened. The ratio for TS plus FR was 2.34 (95% CI=1.77–3.10), and the ratio for TS plus FR plus eBI was1.68 (95% CI=1.11–2.53). Conclusions: Providing primary health-care units with training, support and financial reimbursement for delivering Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C-based screening and advice to heavy drinkers increases screening for alcohol consumption. Providing primary health-care units with the option of referring screen-positive patients to an internet-based method of giving advice does not appear to increase screening for alcohol consumption. © 2016 Society for the Study of Addiction
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Riskbruk av alkohol - oklart begrepp som behöver tydlig definition
- 2010
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 19-20:107, s. 1306-1306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- • Riskbruk av alkohol definieras vanligen utifrån konsumtionsmått, beräknat per tillfälle och/eller vecka, medan andra föredrar en definition utifrån eventuella negativa konsekvenser. • Bristande konsensus gällande definitionen av riskbruk gör att åtgärder sätts in i olika faser av problem och försvårar implementeringen av riskbruksarbetet i vården. • En tydlig definition av riskbruksbegreppet kan gynna såväl patienter/klienter och vårdpersonal som folkhälsoarbete och forskning.
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Användning av benzodiazepiner
- 2007
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Ingår i: Svenska Föreningen för Alkohol- och Drogforskning, forskarmöte 20071025-26.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption in young Swedish women : Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption
- 2013
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Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 21:6, s. 457-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has indicated that a variety of contextual factors are involved in the development of drinking behavior. An integrated perspective can extend our understanding of the context and circumstances in which individuals drink. In this study, a person-oriented approach, cluster analysis, was used to identify drinking context clusters in a population of 20- and 25-year-old Swedish women. A further aim was to analyze how these clusters were associated with problematic alcohol consumption (high episodic drinking (HED) and alcohol use disorder (AUD)). A total of 760 respondents were interviewed, some in 1996 and some in 2001. Self-reported effects of drinking and situational factors associated with drinking alcohol were used in the cluster analysis procedure. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations with problematic alcohol consumption. The results revealed four distinct clusters of drinking patterns: coping drinkers, social drinkers, controlled drinkers, and moderate drinkers. Differences between clusters concerning problematic alcohol consumption were found. HED was significantly more common among the social drinkers and alcohol use disorder was more prevalent among the coping drinkers. Age differences and to a lesser extent secular trends in drinking pattern could be observed. The findings suggest that information on drinking context can help to explain differences in patterns of risky drinking and AUD. This highlights the importance of identifying groups of individuals with potentially harmful drinking patterns, which could be the target of specific preventive actions.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Läkarstämman, Göteborg 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000. Bakgrund Under de senaste åren har framför allt en del internationell drogforskning fokuserat på fenomen som dryckeskontext och egna motiv till att dricka samt dessas samband med alkoholkonsumtion. Dryckeskontext har i nämnda studier definierats på något olika sätt, några mer teoretiskt förankrade, gemensamt kan sägas att man försökt besvara frågor om var, med vem och varför man druckit alkohol I den aktuella studien har vi analyserat sambandet mellan dryckeskontext och alkoholkonsumtion bland 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor i Göteborg. Syftet var att undersöka om det fanns specifika dryckesmönster, med hänsyftning på kontextuella variabler, om dessa dryckesmönster skiljde sig åt mellan undersökningsåren och om vissa dryckesmönster visade starkare samband med olika grader av alkoholkonsumtion. Metod Data från en befolkningsundersökning, ”Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”: I studien ingick 897 unga kvinnor intervjuade under åren 1995 och 2000. Då dryckeskontext kan ses som ett multifaktoriellt fenomen valde vi att använda klusteranalys (”Two-step clustering”) för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster. Vi använde Pearson Chi-square för att undersöka skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion mellan de olika grupperna. Alkoholkonsumtion fördelades som Alkoholmissbruk/beroende - ABM, Intensivkonsumtion (60g etanol/tillfälle) - IK, Intensivkonsumtion/12 mån. – IK12 och Hög alkoholkonsumtion (20g etanol/dag senaste månaden) - HAK. Resultat Med hjälp av klusteranalys identifierades tre grupper med olika dryckesmönster för varje undersökningsår. 1995 syntes en grupp måttlighetsdrickare, en grupp som drack ofta både i sociala sammanhang och i ensamhet samt en grupp som bejakade mest upplevda effekter av sitt drickande. 2000 fann vi åter gruppen måttlighetsdrickare, därtill en grupp där man bejakade sociala effekter av alkohol och en annan grupp som uppgav mer fysiska och kognitiva effekter. 1995 visade gruppen som drack i ofta i sociala sammanhang signifikanta samband med ABM, IK12 och HAK. År 2000 sågs signifikanta samband med alla konsumtionsvariablerna hos de båda grupper som bejakande olika upplevda effekter av alkoholanvändning. Sammanfattning Klusteranalys var en god metod för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster som underlag för analys av skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion. Analysen understryker vikten av att ta hänsyn till upplevda effekter av och egna anledningar till drickande när man vill medverka till en minskad alkoholkonsumtion i befolkningen.
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| 17. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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The association between patterns of women’s daily occupations and alcohol consumption; a cluster analytic approach.
- 2009
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Ingår i: 35th Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Köpenhamn, DK 2009601-05.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and women's drinking and contemporary associated risk factors have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research from both social science and occupational therapy theory have underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomised way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between patterns of women's daily occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy theory. Method: A cross-sectional study with data from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Göteborg (WAG). The study group consists of in total 871 women, aged 20-55 years. For identifying different groups of occupational patterns we are using an individual oriented method; Two-step clustering. Further we aim to use analyses of variance to analyse if there are specific occupational patterns related to problematic alcohol consumption. The specific variables constituting the patterns of daily occupations in this study are employment status, leisure, distribution of household/maintenance work, time for free disposal and the satisfaction with each of these four domains. Preliminary results will be presented.
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Women's patterns of everyday occupations and alcohol consumption : Everyday occupations and alcohol consumption
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 19:3, s. 225-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and drinking and the contemporary associated risk factors, have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research, from both social science and from occupational therapy models, has underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomized way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between women's patterns of everyday occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy models. This was a cross-sectional study from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg (WAG). The study group consisted of 851 women, aged 20-55 years. Using an individually oriented method, two-step clustering, three distinct patterns of everyday occupations were identified. Significant associations with problematic alcohol consumption were found in the clusters, characterized by lower engagement in leisure activities and a larger amount of spare time. The need for new preventive approaches, including investigating the importance of having engaging leisure activities, is discussed.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Young women´s drinking contexts. A cluster analysis of 20- and 25-year old women.
- 2007
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Ingår i: 33rd Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Budapest 20070604-08.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last years some international research on young adult drinking have focused on drinking contexts and drinking motives and the association with alcohol consumption. In this study we have analysed the association between drinking context and alcohol consumption in 20- and 25-year old women in Sweden. The aim was to find if drinking patterns, with respect to drinking context, varied between 1995 and 2000 and if specific drinking patterns related to specific consumption variables. Method: A total of 897 respondents were interviewed in 1995 and 2000. Looking at drinking context as a multi-dimensional phenomenon we chose two-step clustering as a method for identifying the drinking patterns. We used Pearson Chi-square to test for differences between the cluster groups with respect to problematic alcohol consumption. Results: Three clusters of drinking patterns in 1995 and 2000 respectively were defined. In 1995 the clusters were characterised as moderate drinking, partying and solitary drinking and drinking effects. In 2000 the three cluster groups were moderate drinking, social effects-drinking and individual effects and solitary drinking. Association with alcohol consumption showed significant differences: in 1995 the cluster party and solitary drinking was related to alcohol use disorders, binge drinking and high alcohol consumption, in 2000 the two clusters including drinking effects showed associations with all consumption variables.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Bright waters, dark moods – explaining regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. ; 12:Suppl 1
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social insurance costs have increased dramatically in Sweden and are now higher than the total costs for all health care in the country. Aim The aim of this study was to describe the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders over the last 20 years and to analyse these differences in relation to the socio demographic distribution of the population in different regions. Method The study was performed as an ecological study comparing the rates of early retirement in Sweden, in the city of Göteborg and the county of Bohuslän, both located on the Swedish west coast. The study population was all sickness insured individuals aged 16–64 years. Data on early retirement was collected from the National Social Insurance register. Population data was collected from Statistics Sweden. Diagnoses were classified according to ICD. Longitudinal data covering the last 20 years was used. Results We found that the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders were consistent over the studied years. In 1980 the proportion of early retirement with psychiatric disorders was 25% of all early retirements in the city of Göteborg to be compared with 17% in the county of Bohuslän and 15% in Sweden overall. This proportion changed over the years and was in 1998 37% in Göteborg, 25% in Bohuslän and 24% in Sweden. These data also show the large increase of early retirement with psychiatric disorders in relation to other diagnostic groups. Standard mortality ratio 1993 with Sweden as reference was 1.14 in Bohuslän and 2.55 in Göteborg. Corresponding figures for women were 1.30 and 2.29. Conclusion Regional differences remained after controlling for age and sex distribution of the population. From a preliminarily analysis it appears as the high rate in Göteborg cannot be explained as an effect of urbanity. More knowledge is needed to understand why regional differences exist.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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High incidence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis in western Sweden. A population-based study from 1980 to 1998
- 2006
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:4, s. 343-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional differences in Sweden in the prevalence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis are unexplained, in spite of the significant impact on the population's health, rehabilitation systems, and the health care system. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of disability pensions with a psychiatric diagnosis and to analyze the impact of age and gender. We examined the incidencerates in one urban and one semi-rural region and compared these to national rates. The study sample was drawn from employed persons between 16-64 years of age who, because of their sickness insurance coverage, would be eligible to access disability pensions should it be necessary. Analysis of annual incidences and standardized morbidity ratios were made for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 1998. Data ondisability pension cases were collected from the National Social Insurance registers. In the urban region we found that the proportion of men and women clearly outnumbered the national average: approximately twice the number of persons between 16-64 years of age with apsychiatric diagnosis were receiving a disability pension. In the semi-rural region there were fewer men overall on disability pensionswith psychiatric disorders, but in 1980, 1985, and 1995 women clearly outnumbered men. Access to psychiatric care, unemployment, alcohol dependence, and previous sickness absence are suggested as possible factors that might affect the rates of disability pension in different geographical settings. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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| 22. |
- Bendtsen, Preben, et al.
(författare)
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Professional's Attitudes Do Not Influence Screening and Brief Interventions Rates for Hazardous and Harmful Drinkers: Results from ODHIN Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 50:4, s. 430-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the relation between existing levels of alcohol screening and brief intervention rates in five European jurisdictions and role security and therapeutic commitment by the participating primary healthcare professionals. Health care professionals consisting of, 409 GPs, 282 nurses and 55 other staff including psychologists, social workers and nurse aids from 120 primary health care centres participated in a cross-sectional 4-week survey. The participants registered all screening and brief intervention activities as part of their normal routine. The participants also completed the Shortened Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ), which measure role security and therapeutic commitment. The only significant but small relationship was found between role security and screening rate in a multilevel logistic regression analysis adjusted for occupation of the provider, number of eligible patients and the random effects of jurisdictions and primary health care units (PHCU). No significant relationship was found between role security and brief intervention rate nor between therapeutic commitment and screening rate/brief intervention rate. The proportion of patients screened varied across jurisdictions between 2 and 10%. The findings show that the studied factors (role security and therapeutic commitment) are not of great importance for alcohol screening and BI rates. Given the fact that screening and brief intervention implementation rate has not changed much in the last decade in spite of increased policy emphasis, training initiatives and more research being published, this raises a question about what else is needed to enhance implementation.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Blanck, Per, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Riskbruket, Hälsan och Arbetslivet- en utvärdering av projektet. Nytt sätt att prata om alkohol
- 2009
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Ingår i: Socialmedicin.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utvärdering av sekundärprevention av riskbruk utfört av HÖ Älsan och Arbetslivet med VG-regionens anställda. Resultat: betydande aktivitet har utförs med kompetenshöjning på områder bland personal som arbetar med frågan. Men många medarbetare har även efter utbildningen inte tagit till sig riskbruksbegreppet, utan tänker mest på missbruk/beroende.
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| 25. |
- Blanck, Per, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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"We do what we think is the best" - a content analysis of experiences of alcohol problem prevention in sweden. A short report.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Substance use & misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6084 .- 1532-2491. ; 42:12, s. 2073-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This short report describes an ongoing project whose aim was to explore how respondents from local institutions in a Swedish municipality describe their efforts in preventing alcohol consumption and related problems. Data were collected in focus group interviews, conducted during 2003 with key informants, comprising middle-ranking civil servants from different administrative sectors such as school, social welfare, and the public health office, in four Swedish municipalities: one city district, one town, and two small municipalities. We identified low knowledge of evidence-based methods for prevention of alcohol consumption-related problems and a lack of consistent focus on strategies known to be effective. The main target group for preventive efforts was identified as young people and the most common setting mentioned was the schools. Further, the key informants appeared to regard a wide range of activities as being community* alcohol and drug use prevention. Generally these activities also lacked specification. Increased knowledge of alcohol and drug use prevention methods that are effective at the local level is needed within Swedish municipalities, as is greater understanding of how to implement those methods.
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