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- Kucukdeveci, A. A., et al.
(författare)
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Use and detailed metric properties of patient-reported outcome measures for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review covering two decades
- 2021
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Ingår i: RMD Open. - : BMJ. - 2056-5933. ; 7:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The importance of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical studies has been recognised for many years. The current study aims to describe the RA PROMs used over the past 20 years, and their performance metrics, to underpin appropriate tool selection. Methods The study included a systematic search for PROMs that have been in use over the period 2000-2019, with detailed documentation of their psychometric properties, and a user-friendly presentation of the extensive evidence base. Results 125 PROMs were identified with psychometric evidence available. The domains of pain, fatigue, emotional functions, mobility, physical functioning and work dominated, with self-efficacy and coping as personal factors. Domains such as stiffness and sleep were poorly served. The most frequently used PROMs included the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ), the Short Form 36 (SF-36), the EuroQoL and the Modified HAQ which, between them, appeared in more than 3500 papers. Strong psychometric evidence was found for the HAQ, and the SF-36 Physical Functioning and Vitality (fatigue) domains. Otherwise, all domains except stiffness, sleep, education and health utility, had at least one PROM with moderate level of psychometric evidence. Conclusion There is a broad range of PROMs for measuring RA outcomes, but the quality of psychometric evidence varies widely. This work identifies gaps in key RA domains according to the biopsychosocial model.
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- Geyh, S, et al.
(författare)
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Content comparison of health-related quality of life measures used in stroke based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF): a systematic review.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343. ; 16:5, s. 833-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare the contents of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures used in stroke, based on the ICF as the frame of reference. DESIGN: We conducted a systematic literature review to select current generic and condition-specific HRQoL measures applied in stroke. We examined the contents of the selected measures by linking the concepts within the instruments' items to the ICF. RESULTS: The systematic literature review resulted in the selection of six generic and seven stroke-specific HRQoL measures. Within the selected instruments we identified 979 concepts. To map these concepts, we used 200 different ICF categories. None of the ICF categories is contained in all of the instruments. The most frequently used category is 'b152 Emotional functions' contained in 53 items from 10 instruments. Stroke-specific measures more often address 'Mental functions', while the selected generic instruments more often include Environmental Factors. DISCUSSION: The present study provides an overview on current HRQoL measures in stroke with respect to their covered contents and provides valuable information to facilitate the selection of appropriate instruments for specific purposes in clinical as well as research settings.
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- Katz, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Interpretation of change scores in ordinal clinical scales and health status measures: The whole may not equal the sum of the parts
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical epidemiology. - : Elsevier Inc. - 1878-5921 .- 0895-4356. ; 49:7, s. 711-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to analyze the problem of interpreting change scores of ordinal health status measures for clinical research or practice. Methods used included exploration of the generation of change scores in the physical ability scale of the SF-36, one of the most widely used generic health status instruments. Resulting data are presented as the ranking of items according to baseline score; a percentage of patients with severe difficulty and Rasch analysis provided the same rank order of item difficulty. On the interval scale provided by the Rasch model a concentration of items reflecting moderate difficulty occurred. This “inflates” numerical gains for patients with moderate disability compared to patients with very severe or minor physical disability. Calibration of change scores using patient perception of the level of change in function showed important variation of numerical gains with baseline. We conclude that numerically equal gains may differ in their meaning depending on baseline health status. It is recommended that distribution of baseline health status measures and distribution of responders by baseline status be reported in evaluative studies.
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- Lundgren Nilsson, Åsa, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-reported outcome measures in osteoarthritis : a systematic search and review of their use and psychometric properties.
- 2018
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Ingår i: RMD Open. - : BMJ. - 2056-5933. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) or self-completed questionnaires have been used to report outcomes in osteoarthritis (OA) for over 35 years. Choices will always need to be made about what should be measured and, if relevant, what would be the most appropriate PROM to use. The current study aims to describe the available PROMs used in OA and their performance quality, so that informed choices can be made about the most appropriate PROM for a particular task.Methods: The study included a systematic search for PROMs that have been in use over 17 years (period 2000-2016), and to catalogue their psychometric properties, and to present the evidence in a user-friendly fashion.Results: 78 PROMs were identified with psychometric evidence available. The domains of pain, self-care, mobility and work dominated, whereas domains such as cleaning and laundry and leisure, together with psychological and contextual factors, were poorly served. The most frequently used PROMs included the Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index, the Short Form 36 and the Knee Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score which, between them, appeared in more than 4000 papers. Most domains had at least one PROM with the highest level of psychometric evidence.Conclusion: A broad range of PROMs are available for measuring OA outcomes. Some have good psychometric evidence, others not so. Some important psychological areas such as self-efficacy were poorly served. The study provides a current baseline for what is available, and identifies the shortfall in key domains if the full biopsychosocial model is to be explored.
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- Stucki, G, et al.
(författare)
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Developing research capacity in human functioning and rehabilitation research from the comprehensive perspective based on the ICF-model.
- 2008
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Ingår i: European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine. - 1973-9087. ; 44:3, s. 343-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) the World Health Organization (WHO) has prepared the ground for a comprehensive understanding of Human Functioning and Rehabilitation Research integrating the biomedical perspective on impairment with the social model of disability. This poses a number of old and new challenges regarding the enhancement of adequate research capacity. Here the authors will summarize approaches to address these challenges with respect to three areas: the organization of Human Functioning and Rehabilitation Research into distinct scientific fields, the development of suitable academic training programs and the building of university centres and collaboration networks.
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- Stucki, G, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Misoprostol in the Elderly : Is the Expense Justified?
- 1996
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Ingår i: Drugs & aging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1179-1969 .- 1170-229X. ; 8:2, s. 84-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analogue which reduces both gastric ulcerations and clinically important bleeding in patients taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Economic evaluations of prophylactic use of misoprostol with NSAIDs differ in their conclusions mainly because of different assumptions regarding the absolute risk reduction of symptomatic ulcers. Assuming a conservative estimate of the absolute risk reduction based on new effectiveness data, all studies would have concluded that misoprostol prophylaxis results in net costs in the general population of NSAID users. However, in the elderly with a clearly increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions and ulcer complications, and an increased hospitalisation rate, misoprostol may be cost saving. Also, in the elderly the gain in quality of life seems to offset the uncertain reduction in quality of life due to the adverse effects of misoprostol. However, the suggestion that misoprostol prophylaxis in the elderly is cost effective or cost saving needs to be confirmed in further studies.
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- Stucki, Sandro, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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A theory of higher-order subtyping with type intervals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 2475-1421. ; 5:ICFP
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calculus of Dependent Object Types (DOT) has enabled a more principled and robust implementation of Scala, but its support for type-level computation has proven insufficient. As a remedy, we propose F··ω, a rigorous theoretical foundation for Scala's higher-kinded types. F··ω extends F<:ω with interval kinds, which afford a unified treatment of important type- and kind-level abstraction mechanisms found in Scala, such as bounded quantification, bounded operator abstractions, translucent type definitions and first-class subtyping constraints. The result is a flexible and general theory of higher-order subtyping. We prove type and kind safety of F··ω, as well as weak normalization of types and undecidability of subtyping. All our proofs are mechanized in Agda using a fully syntactic approach based on hereditary substitution.
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- Wolfe, F, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary core set of domains and reporting requirements for longitudinal observational studies in rheumatology
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X. ; 26:2, s. 484-489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observational and longitudinal observational studies (LOS) provide essential information about the course and outcome of rheumatic disorders that cannot be provided by randomized controlled trials, and they constitute the major clinical scientific communication in rheumatology. There has been no consensus as to the full and appropriate content of LOS. This report defines a core set of domains and reporting requirements for LOS. At the 1998 OMERACT IV Conference a consensus process evaluated the literature of rheumatology in light of the constructs, variables, and outcomes of rheumatology by using introductory lectures, nominal groups, and plenary sessions. The result of this process was to identify 5 "core" domains that should be included in every LOS: Health Status, Disease Process, Damage, Mortality, and Toxicity/Adverse Reactions. Two additional domains, Work Disability and Costs, were recognized as important, but need not be used in all LOS. Eleven subdomains were identified that divided the domains into convenient clinical and conceptual units. A set of reporting requirements was also determined. The core recommendations, which follow on the WHO ICIDH-2 outline, are not disease-specific; the substitution of different "disease process" and "damage" measures make them suitable for many rheumatic disorders. The core set is intended to serve as a core for LOS in almost all rheumatic conditions.
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