| 1. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
-
Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Andersson-Watz, Anna, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Introducing Mechanically Assisted Cough for Patients with Progressive Neurological Disease : Patient-Physical Therapist Interaction and Physical Therapist Perspective
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Physical Therapy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0031-9023 .- 1538-6724. ; 104:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to explore patient-physical therapist interaction and the physical therapist's experience of the introductory session for mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) device treatment for patients with progressive neurological disease.METHODS: Qualitative content analysis of participant-observation of interaction between patients and physical therapists during 9 MI-E introduction sessions in different clinical care settings and 10 follow-up interviews with 6 physical therapists.RESULTS: The introduction of MI-E emerged as a process of instilling a sense of security in the patient. The process can be described in 4 steps: (1) gain understanding by being responsive to the person's whole life-situation; (2) share knowledge and expectations in a respectful and permissive way; (3) introduce the device in a gentle and reciprocal interactivity; and (4) adapt to home-use in an inclusive dialogue with the patient and their significant others. Physical therapists described a need for assurance to instill a sense of security in the patient, implying a need for confidence, competent peers, guiding yet flexible routines, and emotional support.CONCLUSION: Physical therapists have a need to foster assurance in employing a person-centered approach to make a patient feel secure in the process of introducing MI-E treatment. Multiple modes of professional knowledge were used together with action-based and relational-based ethics to facilitate a person-centered care approach. This seems to be a promising approach for providing good care when introducing MI-E to patients. Further research is needed to explore this from the patient's perspective.IMPACT: This study added to the body of knowledge regarding MI-E treatment in relation to patients. This has direct implication, particularly for inexperienced physical therapists, for informed care for the patient during introduction. Our study also supports that person-centered care should be implemented at all levels of health care to make it possible for physical therapists to practice person-centered care.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bonnier, Gaga, et al.
(författare)
-
Inclusive India - Re:Pune
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The historie core of Pune is seriously neglected, despite its rich cultural-historical values and evidence of the city's past for future generations. These assets are not taken inta consideration in development plans for the city. Besides the national monument of Shaniwar Wada, INTACH has identified around 200 more buildings on its heritage list. These vary from temples, to private residences and public buildings to bridges. Apart from this, INTACH also has identified heritage precincts -areas with a particular distinct character -either architectural or due to the nature of the activities which take place there. Of this list, more than a hundred buildings have found a place on the heritage list adopted by the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC).
|
|
| 5. |
- Genovese, Giulio, et al.
(författare)
-
Clonal hematopoiesis and blood-cancer risk inferred from blood DNA sequence.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 371:26, s. 2477-87
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancers arise from multiple acquired mutations, which presumably occur over many years. Early stages in cancer development might be present years before cancers become clinically apparent.
|
|
| 6. |
- Halaweh, Hadeel, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Community Dwelling Elderly.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical medicine research. - : Elmer Press, Inc.. - 1918-3003 .- 1918-3011. ; 7:11, s. 845-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important factors for optimal health in the elderly. Studying the association between PA and HRQoL is becoming more essential as the number of elderly people increases worldwide. This study assesses the association between PA and HRQoL among community dwelling elderly above 60 years old.The study included 115 women and 61 men (mean age: 68.15 ± 6.74 years) recruited from the community and from public centers for the elderly. Data were collected using a background characteristics questionnaire (BCQ), a physical activity socio-cultural adapted questionnaire (PA-SCAQ), and the EuroQuol-5Dimensions-5Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Between groups, comparisons were based on the PA-SCAQ by dividing the participants into three PA groups: low (n = 74), moderate (n = 85), and high (n = 17). Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the ordinal variables of the three PA groups to determine differences between the groups according to categorical variables such as gender, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of comorbid conditions. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed on the ordinal variables of the EuroQuol-5Dimensions (EQ-5D), and the independent sample t-test was performed on the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between the EQ-5D and level of PA.Values in all dimensions of HRQoL were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the moderate and high PA groups compared with the low PA group. Significant correlations were recorded between the five dimensions of HRQoL and the level of PA (P < 0.001). The low PA group showed higher prevalence of hypertension (64%, P < 0.001) and diabetes (50%, P < 0.001).There were strong associations between higher levels of PA and all dimensions of HRQoL. Therefore, adopting a PA lifestyle may contribute to better HRQoL among community dwelling elderly above 60 years old.
|
|
| 7. |
- Halaweh, Hadeel, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical functioning and fall-related efficacy among community-dwelling elderly people
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177. ; 18:1, s. 11-17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between physical functioning and fall-related efficacy among community-dwelling elderly people.Method: Participants (n = 176) were 60 years old and older. Data were collected using physical functioning tests: hand grip strength, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) and History of Falling Checklist (HoFC). Statistical analyses were used to determine group differences with respect to age, gender and fall history, as well as the correlation between the total scores of the FES-I and hand grip strength, TUG and SPPB.Results. Values of physical functioning measures were significantly higher in non-fallers than in fallers (p < 0.05). The FES-I total scores were positively correlated with TUG (rs = 0.615) and negatively correlated with hand grip strength (rs =-0.522) and SPPB scores (rs =-0.727). There were significant differences in the FES-I scores according to TUG and SPPB cut-off values (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Higher physical functioning values were associated with a lower incidence of falling and a lower level of fear of falling. Maintaining and improving physical functioning should be considered as an important factor that may influence fall-related efficacy and risk of falling among elderly people. © 2016 Taylor & Francis.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hodselmans, A. P., et al.
(författare)
-
Physiotherapy students' perceived stress, stressors, and reactions to stressors: A comparative study between Sweden and The Netherlands
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 34:4, s. 293-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose: Studies of healthcare students report increased levels of stress, with academic pressures being the greatest source. The objective of this study was to examine the differences in the overall stress level, stressors, and reactions to stressors between physiotherapy students at the University of Gothenburg (GU) and those at the Hanze University of Applied Sciences (HUAS). Methods: The Student-life Stress Inventory was used. The participants (n=116) included physiotherapy students at GU and HUAS. The distribution of the questionnaire occurred during a regular lecture or in a lecture that was scheduled particularly for its distribution. Results: At GU, 13.7% of the students rated their level of stress as mild, whereas 72.5% of them rated it as moderate. The corresponding values for HUAS students were 43.9% and 43.9%, respectively. This difference between two universities was significant (p=0.006). The total score of the subcategories indicated that the students at GU reported significantly higher levels of stressors (p=0.027) and reactions to stressors (p=0.003). However, there were no significant differences in the male participants between the universities. Conclusion: Female students in their three-year educational program in Sweden experienced significantly more stress than Dutch female students in their four-year educational program.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Kadefors, Anna, Professor, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Byggherredriven innovation : en guide till förbättrad innovationsförmåga
- 2022
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Om man som byggherre vill arbeta med att utveckla sin innovationsförmåga, hur ska man då göra? Byggherre- och fastighetsbranschen har ryktet om sig att vara trögrörlig och att utveckling går långsamt. Det är svårt att ändra arbetssätt i en bransch som har så många aktörer och där beslutsfattande är så decentraliserat. Innovationsverksamheten tenderar att bli eldsjälsdriven, spretig och svårstyrd. Denna guide ska hjälpa individer, organisationer och branschen som helhet till att stärka sin förmåga att driva förändringsarbete. Guiden pekar på vikten av helhetssyn, långsiktighet och uthållighet. Viktiga delar är rutiner för omvärldsanalys och prioritering, ledningsstöd, finansiering och kunskap för att driva kreativa och gränsöverskridande processer, samt struktur för att utvärdera testprojekt och sprida resultat. Eftersom den riktar sig lika mycket till ledningen, mellannivån och projektnivån kan guiden också fungera för att skapa en gemensam kunskapsbas i organisationen. På så sätt läggs en grund för en mer fokuserad och robust utvecklingsprocess.
|
|
| 11. |
- Svantesson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
A mathematical model of the Pyrosequencing reaction system
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Biophysical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4622 .- 1873-4200. ; 110:02-jan, s. 129-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pyrosequencing(TM) technology is a newly developed DNA sequencing method that monitors DNA nucleotide incorporation in real-time. A set of coupled enzymatic reactions, together with bioluminescence, detects incorporated nucleotides in the form of light pulses, yielding a characteristic light profile. In this study, a biochemical model of the Pyrosequencing reaction system is suggested and implemented. The model is constructed utilizing an assumption of irreversible Michaelis-Menten rate equations and a constant incorporation efficiency. The kinetic parameters are studied and values are chosen to obtain as reliable simulation results as possible. The results presented here show strong resemblance with real experiments. The model is able to capture the dynamics of a single light pulse with great accuracy, as well as the overall characteristics of a whole pyrogram(TM). The plus- and minus-shift effects observed in experiments are successfully reconstructed by two constant efficiency factors. Furthermore, pulse broadening can partly be explained by apyrase inhibition and successive dilution.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Svantesson, Jan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
The Phonology of Mongolian
- 2005
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book provides (a) the first comprehensive description of the phonology and phonetics of Standard Mongolian, known as the Halh (Khalkha) dialect and spoken in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of the Republic of Mongolia; and (b) the first account in any language of the historical phonology of the Mongolian group of languages. The synchronic phonology is based on data collected by the authors and on their own phonological analyses. The historical phonology is based on their research on the Halh, on published Chinese and Mongolian sources for the modern Mongolic languages, and on their reconstruction of Old Mongolian from the medieval written sources
|
|
| 17. |
- Syberfeldt, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
A Case Study of Evolutionary Simulation Based Optimization in Aircraft Engine Manufacturing
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 12th International Industrial Simulation Conference 2014. - : EUROSIS. - 9789077381830 ; , s. 91-96
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes an application of simulation-based optimization within the aircraft engine manufacturing domain. The study is performed at the company GKN Aerospace and considers the optimization of priorities of components in x-ray stations. More specifically, the optimization aims to reduce delays by finding an efficient prioritization of components waiting to be x-rayed. An evolutionary optimization algorithm is being implemented and connected to a discrete-event simulation model for evaluating solutions. For deploying the simulation-based optimization, a web-based system is developed that adopts distributed simulation agents for increased efficiency. © 2014 EUROSIS-ETI.
|
|
| 18. |
- Syberfeldt, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
A web-based platform for the simulation-optimization of industrial problems
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Computers & industrial engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0360-8352 .- 1879-0550. ; 64:4, s. 987-998
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents a platform for industrial, real-world simulation-optimization based on web techniques. The design of the platform is intended to be generic and thereby make it possible to apply the platform in various problem domains. In the implementation of the platform, modern web techniques, such as Ajax, JavaScript, GWT, and ProtoBuf, are used. The platform is tested and evaluated on a real industrial problem of production optimization at Volvo Aero Corporation, a company that develops and manufactures high-technology components for aircraft and gas turbine engines. The results of the evaluation show that while the platform has several benefits, implementing a web-based system is not completely straightforward. At the end of the paper, possible pitfalls are discussed and some recommendations for future implementations are outlined.
|
|
