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- Karimi, Keikhosro, et al.
(författare)
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Recent trends in acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) production
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biofuel Research Journal. ; 2:4, s. 301-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the renewable fuels considered as a suitable substitute to petroleum-based gasoline, butanol has attracted a great deal of attention due to its unique properties. Acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) can be produced biologically from different substrates, including sugars, starch, lignocelluloses, and algae. This process was among the very first biofuel production processes which was commercialized during the First World War. The present review paper discusses the different aspects of the ABE process and the recent progresses made. Moreover, the microorganisms and the biochemistry of the ABE fermentation as well as the feedstocks used are reviewed. Finally, the challenges faced such as low products concentration and products` inhibitory effects on the fermentation are explained and different possible solutions are presented and reviewed.
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- Khoshnevisan, Benyamin, et al.
(författare)
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A critical review on livestock manure biorefinery technologies : Sustainability, challenges, and future perspectives
- 2021
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An ever increasing demand for animal protein products has posed serious challenges for managing the increasingquantities of livestock manure. The choice of treatment technologies is still a complicated task and considerabledebates over this issue still continue. To build a clearer picture of manure treatment framework, this study wasconducted to review the most frequently employed manure management technologies from their state of the art,challenges, sustainability, environmental regulations and incentives, and improvement strategies perspectives.The results showed that most treatment technologies have focused on the solid fraction of manure while theliquid fraction still remains a potential environmental threat. Compared to other waste to energy solutions,anaerobic digestion is the most mature technology to upgrade manure’s organic matter into renewable energy,however the problems associated with high investment costs, operating parameters, manure collection, anddigestate management have hindered its developments in rural areas in developing countries. Bio-oil productionthrough hydrothermal liquification is also a promising solution, as it can directly convert the wet manure intobiofuel. However, lipid-poor nature of manure, operational difficulties, and the need for downstream process toremove nitrogenous compounds from the final product necessitate further research. Livestock manure management(both solid and liquid fractions) under biorefinery approach seems an inevitable solution for futuresustainable development to meet circular bioeconomy requirements. Much research is still required to establish asystematic framework based on regional requirements to develop an integrated manure nutrient recycling andmanure management planning with minimum environmental risks and maximum profit.
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- Kumar, Rajeev, et al.
(författare)
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Recent updates on lignocellulosic biomass derived ethanol-A review
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biofuel Research Journal. - 2292-8782. ; 3:1, s. 347-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignocellulosic (or cellulosic) biomass derived ethanol is the most promising near/long term fuel candidate. In addition, cellulosic biomass derived ethanol may serve a precursor to other fuels and chemicals that are currently derived from unsustainable sources and/or are proposed to be derived from cellulosic biomass. However, the processing cost for second generation ethanol is still high to make the process commercially profitable and replicable. In this review, recent trends in cellulosic biomass ethanol derived via biochemical route are reviewed with main focus on current research efforts that are being undertaken to realize high product yields/titers and bring the overall cost down.
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- Sárvári Horváth, Ilona, et al.
(författare)
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Recent updates on biogas production-a review
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biofuel Research Journal. ; 3:2, s. 394-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the greatest challenges facing the societies now and in the future is the reduction of green house gas emissions and thus preventing the climate change. It is therefore important to replace fossil fuels with renewable sources, such as biogas. Biogas can be produced from various organic waste streams or as a byproduct from industrial processes. Beside energy production, the degradation of organic waste through anaerobic digestion offers other advantages, such as the prevention of odor release and the decrease of pathogens. Moreover, the nutrient rich digested residues can be utilized as fertilizer for recycling the nutrients back to the fields. However, the amount of organic materials currently available for biogas production is limited and new substrates as well as new effective technologies are therefore needed to facilitate the growth of the biogas industry all over the world. Hence, major developments have been made during the last decades regarding the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass, the development of high rate systems, and the application of membrane technologies within the anaerobic digestion process in order to overcome the shortcomings encountered. The degradation of organic material requires a synchronized action of different groups of microorganisms with different metabolic capacities. Recent developments in molecular biology techniques have provided the research community with a valuable tool for improved understanding of this complex microbiological system, which in turn could help optimize and control the process in an effective way in the future.
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| 9. |
- Tabatabaei, Meisam, et al.
(författare)
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Recent trends in biodiesel production
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biofuel Research Journal. - 2292-8782. ; 2:3, s. 258-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article fully discusses the recent trends in the production of one the most attractive types of biofuels, i.e., biodiesel.with a focus on the existing obstacles for its large scale production. Moreover, recent innovations/improvements under three categories of upstream, mainstream, and downstream processes are also presented. Upstream strategies are mainly focused on seeking more sustainable oil feedstocks and/or enhancing the quality of waste-oriented ones. The mainstream strategies section highlights the numerous attempts made to enhance agitation efficiency including chemical and/or mechanical strategies. Finally, the innovative downstream strategies basically dealing with 1) separation of biodiesel and glycerin, 2) purification of biodiesel and glycerin, and 3) improving the characteristics of the produced fuel, are comprehensively reviewed.
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| 13. |
- Watts, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change : responding to converging crises
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 397:10269, s. 129-170
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lancet Countdown is an international collaboration established to provide an independent, global monitoring system dedicated to tracking the emerging health profile of the changing climate.The 2020 report presents 43 indicators across five sections: climate change impacts, exposures, and vulnerabilities; adaptation, planning, and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; economics and finance; and public and political engagement. This report represents the findings and consensus of the 35 leading academic institutions and UN agencies that make up The Lancet Countdown, and draws on the expertise of climate scientists, geographers, engineers, experts in energy, food, and transport, economists, social, and political scientists, data scientists, public health professionals, and doctors.
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| 14. |
- Watts, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change : from 25 years of inaction to a global transformation for public health
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 391:10120, s. 581-630
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lancet Countdown tracks progress on health and climate change and provides an independent assessment of the health effects of climate change, the implementation of the Paris Agreement, 1 and the health implications of these actions. It follows on from the work of the 2015 Lancet Commission on Health and Climate Change, 2 which concluded that anthropogenic climate change threatens to undermine the past 50 years of gains in public health, and conversely, that a comprehensive response to climate change could be "the greatest global health opportunity of the 21st century". The Lancet Countdown is a collaboration between 24 academic institutions and intergovernmental organisations based in every continent and with representation from a wide range of disciplines. The collaboration includes climate scientists, ecologists, economists, engineers, experts in energy, food, and transport systems, geographers, mathematicians, social and political scientists, public health professionals, and doctors. It reports annual indicators across five sections: climate change impacts, exposures, and vulnerability; adaptation planning and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; economics and finance; and public and political engagement. The key messages from the 40 indicators in the Lancet Countdown's 2017 report are summarised below.
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