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- Das, S, et al.
(författare)
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Sunlight Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Water Using Fe Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Potential Public Health Applications
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 15:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment have the potential to induce resistance in environmental bacteria, which ultimately might get transferred to pathogens making treatment of diseases difficult and poses a serious threat to public health. If antibiotic residues in the environment could be eliminated or reduced, it could contribute to minimizing antibiotic resistance. Towards this objective, water containing ciprofloxacin was treated by sunlight-assisted photocatalysis using Fe- doped ZnO nanoparticles for assessing the degradation potential of this system. Parameters like pH, temperature, catalytic dosage were assessed for the optimum performance of the system. To evaluate degradation of ciprofloxacin, both spectrophotometric as well as microbiological (loss of antibiotic activity) methods were employed. 100 mg/L Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticle catalyst and sunlight intensity of 120,000–135,000 lux system gave optimum performance at pH 9 at 30 °C and 40 °C. Under these conditions spectrophotometric analysis showed complete degradation of ciprofloxacin (10 mg/L) at 210 min. Microbiological studies showed loss of antibacterial activity of the photocatalytically treated ciprofloxacin-containing water against Staphylococcus aureus (108 CFU) in 60 min and for Escherichia coli (108 CFU) in 75 min. The developed system, thus possess a potential for treatment of antibiotic contaminated waters for eliminating/reducing antibiotic residues from environment.
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- Das, S, et al.
(författare)
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Disinfection of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli by Solar-Photocatalysis using Fe-doped ZnO Nanoparticles
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 104-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria through water, is a threat to global public health. Here, we report Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Fe/ZnO NPs) based solar-photocatalytic disinfection (PCD) of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli). Fe/ZnO NPs were synthesized by chemical precipitation technique, and when used as photocatalyst for disinfection, proved to be more effective (time for complete disinfection = 90 min) than ZnO (150 min) and TiO2 (180 min). Lipid peroxidation and potassium (K+) ion leakage studies indicated compromisation of bacterial cell membrane and electron microscopy and live-dead staining confirmed the detrimental effects on membrane integrity. Investigations indicated that H2O2 was the key species involved in solar-PCD of MDR E. coli by Fe/ZnO NPs. X-ray diffraction and atomic absorption spectroscopy studies showed that the Fe/ZnO NPs system remained stable during the photocatalytic process. The Fe/ZnO NPs based solar-PCD process proved successful in the disinfection of MDR E. coli in real water samples collected from river, pond and municipal tap. The Fe/ZnO NPs catalyst made from low cost materials and with high efficacy under solar light may have potential for real world applications, to help reduce the spread of resistant bacteria.
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- Hanna, N, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of Water Quality, Antibiotic Residues, and Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichiacoli in the Kshipra River in India over a 3-Year Period
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 17:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a major global and environmental health issue, yet the presence of antibiotic residues and resistance in the water and sediment of a river subjected to excessive anthropogenic activities and their relationship with water quality of the river are not well studied. The objectives of the present study were a) to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the water and sediment of the Kshipra river in India at seven selected sites during different seasons of the years 2014, 2015, and 2016 and b) to investigate the association between antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant E. coli in water and sediment and measured water quality parameters of the river. Antibiotic residues and resistant E. coli were present in the water and sediment and were associated with the measured water quality parameters. Sulfamethoxazole was the most frequently detected antibiotic in water at the highest concentration of 4.66 µg/L and was positively correlated with the water quality parameters. Significant (p < 0.05) seasonal and spatial variations of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in water and sediment were found. The resistance of E. coli to antibiotics (e.g., sulfamethiazole, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacine, cefotaxime, co-trimoxazole, ceftazidime, meropenem, ampicillin, amikacin, metronidazole, tetracycline, and tigecycline) had varying associations with the measured water and sediment quality parameters. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that regular monitoring and surveillance of water quality, including antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance, of all rivers should be taken up as a key priority, in national and Global Action Plans as these can have implications for the buildup of antibiotic resistance.
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- Lien, LTQ, et al.
(författare)
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A Potential Way to Decrease the Know-Do Gap in Hospital Infection Control in Vietnam: "Providing Specific Figures on Healthcare-Associated Infections to the Hospital Staff Can 'Wake Them Up' to Change Their Behaviour"
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 15:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adequate infection control plays a key role in preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed to explore staff perceptions of hospital infection control in a rural and an urban hospital in Vietnam. Individual interviews were conducted with hospital managers, and focus group discussions were conducted with doctors, nurses and cleaning workers separately. Content analysis was applied. An interview guide including discussion points on HAIs, hand hygiene and healthcare waste management was used. Generally, the staff were knowledgeable of hospital infection control, but they were not aware of the situation in their own hospital, and infection control practices in the hospitals remained poor. Reported difficulties in infection control included lack of resources, poor awareness and patient overload. A main theme emerged: ‘Making data on HAIs available for health workers can improve their awareness and motivate them to put their existing knowledge into practice, thus decreasing the know-do gap in infection control’. This could be a feasible intervention to improve infection control practice in the hospitals with limited resources, high workload and patient overload.
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- Lien, LTQ, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and self-reported practices of infection control among various occupational groups in a rural and an urban hospital in Vietnam
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8:1, s. 5119-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staff practice, driven by knowledge, plays a decisive role in hospital infection control. This study aimed to assess and compare knowledge and self-reported practices of infection control among various occupational groups in a rural and an urban hospital in Vietnam. Questionnaires consisting of items on knowledge and practices were collected from 339 hospital staff with varying occupations. For analysis, total knowledge or practice score ranged from 0–15. Mood’s median test was performed to compare median scores. Post-hoc analysis of ordinal logistic regression models was applied to test differences in scores among occupational groups. The majority of hospital staff had good or adequate knowledge (median score: rural = 11.8; urban = 12), but the score range was wide (1.4–14.5). Self-reported practices in the urban hospital were likely to be better than in the rural one (p = 0.003). Self-reported practices yet not completely satisfactory, indicating the need for continuing professional development in both settings. Overall, cleaners had lower scores than both physicians and nurses, highlighting the need for tailored education in this topic. Future infection control strategies within the hospitals might want to assess the difference between the staff’s self-reported practice and their actual real practice. These findings can be of value in many other similar settings.
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