| 1. |
- Diener, Hans-Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel and telmisartan on disability and cognitive function after recurrent stroke in patients with ischaemic stroke in the Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes (PRoFESS) trial : a double-blind, active and placebo-controlled study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : Elsevier. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 7:10, s. 875-884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The treatment of ischaemic stroke with neuroprotective drugs has been unsuccessful, and whether these compounds can be used to reduce disability after recurrent stroke is unknown. The putative neuroprotective effects of antiplatelet compounds and the angiotensin II receptor antagonist telmisartan were investigated in the Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes (PRoFESS) trial.METHODS: Patients who had had an ischaemic stroke were randomly assigned in a two by two factorial design to receive either 25 mg aspirin (ASA) and 200 mg extended-release dipyridamole (ER-DP) twice a day or 75 mg clopidogrel once a day, and either 80 mg telmisartan or placebo once per day. The predefined endpoints for this substudy were disability after a recurrent stroke, assessed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Barthel index at 3 months, and cognitive function, assessed with the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score at 4 weeks after randomisation and at the penultimate visit. Analysis was by intention to treat. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00153062.FINDINGS: 20,332 patients (mean age 66 years) were randomised and followed-up for a median of 2.4 years. Recurrent strokes occurred in 916 (9%) patients randomly assigned to ASA with ER-DP and 898 (9%) patients randomly assigned to clopidogrel; 880 (9%) patients randomly assigned to telmisartan and 934 (9%) patients given placebo had recurrent strokes. mRS scores were not statistically different in patients with recurrent stroke who were treated with ASA and ER-DP versus clopidogrel (p=0.38), or with telmisartan versus placebo (p=0.61). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with recurrent stroke with a good outcome, as measured with the Barthel index, across all treatment groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the median MMSE scores, the percentage of patients with an MMSE score of 24 points or less, the percentage of patients with a drop in MMSE score of 3 points or more between 1 month and the penultimate visit, and the number of patients with dementia among the treatment groups. There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients with cognitive impairment or dementia among the treatment groups.INTERPRETATION: Disability due to recurrent stroke and cognitive decline in patients with ischaemic stroke were not different between the two antiplatelet regimens and were not affected by the preventive use of telmisartan.
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| 2. |
- Leat, Philip T., et al.
(författare)
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Jurassic high heat production granites associated with the Weddell Sea rift system, Antarctica
- 2018
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Ingår i: Tectonophysics. - 0040-1951 .- 1879-3266. ; 722, s. 249-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of heat flow in Antarctic continental crust is critical to understanding continental tectonics, ice sheet growth and subglacial hydrology. We identify a group of High Heat Production granites, intruded into upper crustal Palaeozoic metasedimentary sequences, which may contribute to locally high heat flow beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Four of the granite plutons are exposed above ice sheet level at Pagano Nunatak, Pirrit Hills, Nash Hills and Whitmore Mountains. A new UPb zircon age from Pirrit Hills of 178.0±3.5Ma confirms earlier RbSr and UPb dating and that the granites were emplaced approximately coincident with the first stage of Gondwana break-up and the developing Weddell rift, and ~5m.y. after eruption of the Karoo-Ferrar large igneous province. Aerogeophysical data indicate that the plutons are distributed unevenly over 40,000km2 with one intruded into the transtensional Pagano Shear Zone, while the others were emplaced within the more stable Ellsworth-Whitmore mountains continental block. The granites are weakly peraluminous A-types and have Th and U abundances up to 60.7 and 28.6ppm respectively. Measured heat production of the granite samples is 2.96–9.06μW/m3 (mean 5.35W/m3), significantly higher than average upper continental crust and contemporaneous silicic rocks in the Antarctic Peninsula. Heat flow associated with the granite intrusions is predicted to be in the range 70–95mW/m2 depending on the thickness of the high heat production granite layer and the regional heat flow value. Analysis of detrital zircon compositions and ages indicates that the high Th and U abundances are related to enrichment of the lower-mid crust that dates back to 200–299Ma at the time of the formation of the Gondwanide fold belt and its post-orogenic collapse and extension.
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| 3. |
- Riley, Teal R., et al.
(författare)
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Cretaceous arc volcanism of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula : Zircon U-Pb geochronology, geochemistry, distribution and field relationships
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0377-0273 .- 1872-6097. ; 401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cretaceous marks an episode of enhanced magmatism, sedimentation and tectonic processes along the entire proto-Pacific convergent margin of West Gondwana. Cretaceous magmatism across the Antarctic Peninsula is dominated by the intrusive Lassiter Coast intrusive suite which developed as episodic ‘flare-up’ events during the mid-Cretaceous, at a time of increased convergence. Volcanic rocks of this age are poorly defined, as a consequence of limited field observations and an absence of accurate geochronology. Recent field mapping, combined with unpublished field observations has identified a region >10,000 km2 of dominantly subaerial rhyolitic pyroclastic and epiclastic successions from northern Palmer Land of the Antarctic Peninsula. Volcanic successions up to 1500 m in thickness consist of dominantly silicic ignimbrites, lavas, heterolithic breccias and lahar deposits, fed by caldera-forming eruptions. The volcanic rocks of this region were widely considered to be Early Cretaceous in age based on field relationships and early geochronology. New U-Pb zircon ages identify three distinct volcanic episodes during the Late Cretaceous/Early Cenozoic at ~108 Ma, ~93 Ma and ~64 Ma. Lu-Hf data indicate significant proportions of ancient crust in the petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks and the slightly negative εHf values are consistent with a mid-position (~120 km) within the magmatic arc, relative to more juvenile compositions close to the trench.
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