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| 3. |
- Murari, A., et al.
(författare)
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A control oriented strategy of disruption prediction to avoid the configuration collapse of tokamak reactors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of thermonuclear fusion consists of producing electricity from the coalescence of light nuclei in high temperature plasmas. The most promising route to fusion envisages the confinement of such plasmas with magnetic fields, whose most studied configuration is the tokamak. Disruptions are catastrophic collapses affecting all tokamak devices and one of the main potential showstoppers on the route to a commercial reactor. In this work we report how, deploying innovative analysis methods on thousands of JET experiments covering the isotopic compositions from hydrogen to full tritium and including the major D-T campaign, the nature of the various forms of collapse is investigated in all phases of the discharges. An original approach to proximity detection has been developed, which allows determining both the probability of and the time interval remaining before an incoming disruption, with adaptive, from scratch, real time compatible techniques. The results indicate that physics based prediction and control tools can be developed, to deploy realistic strategies of disruption avoidance and prevention, meeting the requirements of the next generation of devices.
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| 5. |
- Temiz, Serdar, 1980-
(författare)
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OPEN DATA AND INNOVATION ADOPTION: Lessons From Sweden
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Internet has significantly reduced the cost of producing, accessing, and using data, with governments, companies, open data advocates, and researchers observing open data’s potential for promoting democratic and innovative solutions and with open data’s global market size estimated at billions of dollars in the European Union alone (Carrara, Chan, Fischer, & Steenbergen, 2015). This thesis explores the concept of open data, describing and analyzing how open data adoption occurs to better identify and understand key challenges in this process and thus contribute to better use of the available data resources and valuable services for citizens.This research explores the overarching research problem: How does the process of open data adoption occur? Specific research questions include: RQ1: What is the state of open data in terms of political, social, and economic perspectives? RQ2: Who are the main stakeholders utilizing open data; what is their position in the ecosystem, and how do they collaborate? RQ3: Which issues influence open data adoption for open data projects and how? RQ4: What are the potential determinants of open data adoption for open data-driven innovation, and how do these factors influence adoption? To answer these questions, this research has followed an inductive research approach followed by a deductive approach, using both quantitative and qualitative methods.First, this thesis involves macro-level analysis of an open data platform. Second, the thesis maps the open data ecosystem and identifies the ecosystem’s key actors. Third, it determines organizations’ issues and challenges while working with open data and, finally, empirically verifies the factors influencing open data adoption at the organizational level. This research has successfully identified three factors influencing open data adoption—organizational readiness, perceived effort, and perceived benefits—and three that do not (perceived usefulness, perceived risk, and external pressure). Organizational readiness was found to have the greatest influence on open data adoption.The thesis is organized in a hybrid format, meaning it is a monograph with a compilation of studies. The dissertation is structured as follows: First, the introduction defines the open data concept and innovation adoption and explains the reason for this dissertation. Second, the thesis provides an analysis of relevant previous studies, theories, concepts, models, frameworks, and methods. Third, a detailed explanation is given on the methodologies used. Fourth, the empiricalivportion of this thesis comprises four individual studies that constitute the empirical foundations of the research problem. Each study analyzes one research question using its own methodological approach. Fifth, answers to research questions and limitations of this thesis, as well as future research implications, are presented. The conclusion section summarizes this dissertation and its contributions to the areas of open data and innovation adoption.
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| 6. |
- Thorén, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Backcasting as a strategic management tool for meeting VUCA challenges
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Strategy and Management.. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1755-425X .- 1755-4268. ; 12:2, s. 298-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Backcasting helps managers involve and align the organization throughout a strategy process. Its core idea is creating a logical path from a depicted future back to the present, to share, analyze and manage strategic challenges. Still its use in strategic management is under-researched. The purpose of this paper is to verify the relevance and validity of backcasting as a strategic management tool. It also analyzes and structures knowledge about backcasting and its practical application in strategic management. Design/methodology/approach This paper employs desktop research method to outline the benefits and limitations of backcasting for strategy formation under VUCA conditions. Findings Backcasting can help organizations overcome cognitive barriers and broaden the scope of options when analyzing future positions. The research provides insights regarding the potential and limitations of backcasting when addressing uncertainty and its drivers. For instance, it helps managers to assess and align visions; increase the understanding and clarity regarding complex dependencies; as well as improve strategic agility. Practical implications Backcasting is exceptionally useful for investigating possible futures and alternative paths to it. Backcasting is an interactive workshop-based method that challenges prevailing mindsets by assuming we are in the future, looking back towards today to find a feasible path when major transitions are necessary. With it, managers can deal with even the most uncertain decisions in a structured manner. Originality/value Backcasting for many reasons has a great potential as a tool for strategy development. It has been successfully applied in other fields but only to a limited extent in business. This paper formally examines its applicability in this context and demonstrates its relevance for dealing with VUCA challenges.
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| 7. |
- Thorén, Kent, 1972-
(författare)
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Corporate Entrepreneurship as a Business Development Strategy
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous research has generated a substantial body of knowledge regarding the exploration and exploitation of opportunities, two of the main manifest activities of entrepreneurship. This thesis does not primarily examine any of these activities; instead it investigates an important question regarding what happens between them. It seeks to answer why some of the identified opportunities are selected for exploitation. It does so by building on, and contributing to, a research stream that struggles with the link between the entrepreneurial activity of firms and theory about strategy. One of the main contributions of this thesis is the identification of a number of strategic motive dimensions that are associated with the pursuit of corporate ventures. It also demonstrates how these motives are related to significant venture differences, thereby connecting corporate entrepreneurship to strategy in a means-ends relationship. In other words, it provides insight into how strategy is the why of entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship is the how of strategies (that involve business development). The analysis was based on quantitative data from 274 venture attempts in 222 firms, belonging to a population of 1737 small- and medium-sized manufacturing firms in Sweden. Target respondents were the CEO:s. The findings indicate that venture selection can be influenced by both offensive and defensive strategic motives. In addition, it turned out that ventures can be of both proactive and reactive nature. Together, these two dimensions describe how the venture relates to the firm’s strategic circumstances. To better understand top managers’ intentions, the two dimensions were complimented with measurements of what the firm tries to affect with the venture, i.e. to which facet of business the venture efforts are directed (economy, competition, or competence development). The three dimensions, identified through factor analysis, were labeled “posture”, “adaptive style”, and “orientation”. Alternative non-strategic motives, as well as items for validity evaluation, were included in the survey for comparison. Combinations of the motive dimensions were then presented as “motive profiles”, for four types of ventures identified through clustering techniques. Furthermore, another important contribution is the examination of Roberts & Berry’s hypothesis: That the extent and direction of business development determine the amount of uncertainty faced during venture execution, which in turn is proposed to influence the probability of a positive outcome. Regarding these issues, the study was able to refine the mixed findings in previous research, through the investigation of larger firm- and venture-level samples. The obtained results imply that the distance between the venture and the current business of the firm, in terms of products and technologies, is unimportant for venture outcome. However, a small negative effect of market uncertainty, in turn related to market development distance, was confirmed.
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| 9. |
- Thorén, Kent
(författare)
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Corporate entrepreneurship in SMEs, an evaluation of venture level success factors
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing. - : INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD. - 1742-5360 .- 1742-5379. ; 11:5, s. 461-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article refines the knowledge about what causes corporate ventures to succeed or fail. The research model includes 13 different success factors from previous research and assesses their individual and collective impact on venture outcome. By encompassing most of the prevalent factors in relevant literature the risk of getting misleading influence coefficients, due to omitted independent variables, is mitigated. Structural equation modelling with survey data from 274 ventures gave results that imply that several of the proposed success factors actually have no effect on venture outcome. On the other hand, there are also some factors that have a significant impact on success, in particular market uncertainty, previous venture experience, resource availability, style of management, and opportunity size. The internal order of importance among the factors, however, depends on which measure of venture outcome that is used.
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| 11. |
- Thorén, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Die entwicklung von managementkontrollsystemen in einer rasch wachsenden kleinfirma
- 2004
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Klein -und Mittelunternehmen. - 0020-9481. ; 52:4, s. 251-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bei der Entwicklung von Wachstumfirmen zeigt sich eine bedeutende Formalisierung von Strukturen, Prozessen und Systemen. Unter Verwendung eines "Lever-of-Control"-Frameworks untersucht der vorliegende Beitrag in eime Wachstumunternehmen über den Zeitraum von 4 Jahren, welche Kontrollmechanismen wann und warum eingeführt wurden. Bei der Untersuchung der Voraussetzungen des Wechsels der Systeme wurden sowohl Interviews wie auch Beobachtungen eingesetzt, um das Zusammenspiel zwischen Wachstum und Kontrolle darzustellen.Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung, zwischen verschiedenen Wachstumsmassnahmen zu unterscheiden, nachdem das Wachtum vielfältigen Einfluss auf die zeitliche Entwicklung aufweist. Diagnostische Kontrollen wurden vorwiegend eingesetzt, um das Wachstum zu steuern und die Risiken zu vermindern. Der Einsatz von Systemen zur Integration hing vom Wachstum im Bereich der Mitarbeiteranzahl ab. Die Implikationen zeigen, dass interaktive Kontrollen nicht nur von innovativen Firmen eingesetzt werden können, wie zuerst angenommen.
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| 12. |
- Thorén, Kent
(författare)
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How digital platforms transform industries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Technological Change and Industrial Transformation. - : Taylor and Francis Inc.. ; , s. 47-73
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Thorén, Kent
(författare)
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Realizing a fast growth strategy - A case study of the evolution of management control systems in a fast growing firm
- 2004
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Growth has received considerable interest from researchersduring the past two decades. Some of this research focuses onorganizational issues as firms grow, proposing that thisprocess involves considerable formalization of structures,pro-cedures and systems. However, until recently, fewsubstantial research contri-butions have been made thatinvestigate the specific influence of growth on con-trol systemdevelopment. To address this gap in knowledge, this thesisexplores control system development in a fast-growing casefirm. Using a lever-of-control framework, it examines whichcontrol mechanisms that have been introduced, at what pointduring the growth process and why. This study also investigateshow these mechanisms were used during the period studied. Theempirical material was coll-ected through a number ofinterviews that were supplemented with internal docu-ments andobservations of organizational practice. In order to capturethe links between the control system changes and growth,special attention was paid to participants' intentions forthese changes. The focus on intentions is motivated by theassumption that participants' responses to their subjectiveperception of situ-ations are decisive for the emergence ofobservable organizational practices.The findings illustrate the importance of including anddistinguishing between dif-ferent growth measures, since bothorganizational growth (number of employees) and business growth(sales and profit) influenced the patterns observed in thiscase. Furthermore, the intentions behind the investigatedchanges involve both the achievement of goals and the handlingof consequences of the two types of growth. More specifically,business growth was related to the introduction of diagnosticcontrol systems and the formalization of work processes. Thesechanges were in-itiated by high-level managers striving toenhance firm performance and reduce risks. Organizationalgrowth, on the other hand, was associated with systems forintegration that were primarily initiated by employees. Inparticular, the geographi-cal differentiation of sub-unitsseemed to be associated with problems concerning motivation,confusions and coordination, because of communicationdifficulties between units that are spatially separate. Theseproblems were solved by providing distant units with additionalchannels for rich information. However, the interpre-tation andprecise classification of organizational practices also dependon which group's perspective one considers, as severalpractices could be interpreted in alt-ernative ways. Forinstance, when primarily considering the managers' perspective,one of the integrating information channels mentioned abovecould also be inter-preted as an interactive controlmechanism.The thesis also presents implications for theory andpractice and points out sev-eral promising areas for furtherresearch. Some findings highlight limitations in thetheoretical control framework and open for an extension of thelevers-of-control model. This case demonstrates that controlscan be used interactively not only to support innovation andstrategic maneuvering, but also for other purposes relevant tofirms operating in more stable environments that pursuestrategies with a relatively fixed business scope.
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| 16. |
- Thorén, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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The Sarimner effect and three types of ever-abundant business opportunities
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing. - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1742-5360 .- 1742-5379. ; 2:2, s. 114-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article illustrates how corporate entrepreneurship links the firm's long term development process with the external environment. Based on the relaxation of several of the unrealistic assumptions in classic economic theory, it also illustrates how corporate entrepreneurship can be an important driver of change in the firm's environment. More specifically, the article demonstrates that 1 one important consequence of entrepreneurship is the creation of more business opportunities, leading to an ever-abundant availability of new business potential 2 these opportunities can be classified into three categories based on how they come into existence, and by whom they are exploited 3 this leads to implications regarding strategic approaches to venture selection and pursuit. Each opportunity type is illustrated with examples from the online computer gaming industry. A number of preliminary managerial implications are presented, based on differences in the creation and nature of opportunities in each category.
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| 17. |
- Thorén, Kent
(författare)
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Towards an instrument for measuring strategic motives for corporate ventures
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1465-7503 .- 2043-6882. ; 15:4, s. 265-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article proposes that corporate entrepreneurship and strategy can be linked in a means-ends relationship if it is possible to determine the motives behind individual corporate ventures. To facilitate future empirical investigations, it develops an instrument for measuring such motives, and tests this instrument on a sample of 274 ventures in small and medium-sized enterprises. The findings confirm that most of the ventures examined are linked to strategic concerns. Moreover, the instrument design provides dimensions for motives rather than categories, because dimensions can be more freely evaluated and combined in future research, for instance in the form of venture motive profiles. The dimensions, obtained through factor analysis, are orientation in regard to sought effects (improving business or gaining competence), posture (offensive versus defensive) and adaptive style (proactive versus reactive). Researchers can benefit from the instrument in empirical work, and theirfindings can in turn be of value for both practitioners and policy makers.
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