| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Aaltonen, T., et al.
(author)
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Combination of Tevatron Searches for the Standard Model Higgs Boson in the W+W- Decay Mode
- 2010
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 104:6, s. 061802-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We combine searches by the CDF and D0 Collaborations for a Higgs boson decaying to W+W-. The data correspond to an integrated total luminosity of 4.8 (CDF) and 5.4 (D0) fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. No excess is observed above background expectation, and resulting limits on Higgs boson production exclude a standard model Higgs boson in the mass range 162-166 GeV at the 95% C.L.
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| 4. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(author)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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In: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 5. |
- Litvinov, Yu.A., et al.
(author)
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Nuclear physics experiments with ion storage rings
- 2013
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 317:PART B, s. 603-616
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the last two decades a number of nuclear structure and astrophysics experiments were performed at heavy-ion storage rings employing unique experimental conditions offered by such machines. Furthermore, building on the experience gained at the two facilities presently in operation, several new storage ring projects were launched worldwide. This contribution is intended to provide a brief review of the fast growing field of nuclear structure and astrophysics research at storage rings.
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| 6. |
- Grieser, M., et al.
(author)
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Storage ring at HIE-ISOLDE
- 2012
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In: European Physical Journal: Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6401 .- 1951-6355. ; 207:1, s. 1-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investigations of nuclear ground-state properties and reaction studies of astrophysical relevance, to investigations with highly-charged ions and pure isomeric beams. The TSR might also be employed for removal of isobaric contaminants from stored ion beams and for systematic studies within the neutrino beam programme. In addition to experiments performed using beams recirculating within the ring, cooled beams can also be extracted and exploited by external spectrometers for high-precision measurements. The existing TSR, which is presently in operation at the Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, is well-suited and can be employed for this purpose. The physics cases as well as technical details of the existing ring facility and of the beam and infrastructure requirements at HIE-ISOLDE are discussed in the present technical design report.
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| 7. |
- Grieser, M., et al.
(author)
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Storage ring at HIE-ISOLDE Technical design report
- 2012
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In: The European Physical Journal Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 207:1, s. 1-117
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investigations of nuclear ground-state properties and reaction studies of astrophysical relevance, to investigations with highly-charged ions and pure isomeric beams. The TSR might also be employed for removal of isobaric contaminants from stored ion beams and for systematic studies within the neutrino beam programme. In addition to experiments performed using beams recirculating within the ring, cooled beams can also be extracted and exploited by external spectrometers for high-precision measurements. The existing TSR, which is presently in operation at the Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, is well-suited and can be employed for this purpose. The physics cases as well as technical details of the existing ring facility and of the beam and infrastructure requirements at HIE-ISOLDE are discussed in the present technical design report.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lestinsky, M., et al.
(author)
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Physics book: CRYRING@ESR
- 2016
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In: European Physical Journal: Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6401 .- 1951-6355. ; 225:5, s. 797-882
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The exploration of the unique properties of stored and cooled beams of highly-charged ions as provided by heavy-ion storage rings has opened novel and fascinating research opportunities in the realm of atomic and nuclear physics research. Since the late 1980s, pioneering work has been performed at the CRYRING at Stockholm (Abrahamsson et al. 1993) and at the Test Storage Ring (TSR) at Heidelberg (Baumann et al. 1988). For the heaviest ions in the highest charge-states, a real quantum jump was achieved in the early 1990s by the commissioning of the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) in Darmstadt (Franzke 1987) where challenging experiments on the electron dynamics in the strong field regime as well as nuclear physics studies on exotic nuclei and at the borderline to atomic physics were performed. Meanwhile also at Lanzhou a heavy-ion storage ring has been taken in operation, exploiting the unique research opportunities in particular for medium-heavy ions and exotic nuclei (Xia et al. 2002).
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| 10. |
- Szymanski, J. J., et al.
(author)
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A study of the decay mu –> e gamma by the MEGA experiment
- 1996
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In: Proceedings, 9th Meeting, DPF'96, Minneapolis, USA, August 11-15, 1996. Vol. 1, 2.. ; , s. 1450-1452
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 11. |
- Szymanski, J. J., et al.
(author)
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MEGA : A search for the decay mu –> e gamma
- 1994
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In: Intersections between particle and nuclear physics. Proceedings, 5th Conference, St. Petersburg, USA, May 31-June 6, 1994. ; , s. 789-792
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 12. |
- Wang, Z., et al.
(author)
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Organelle-Specific Triggered Release of Immunostimulatory Oligonucleotides from Intrinsically Coordinated DNA-Metal-Organic Frameworks with Soluble Exoskeleton
- 2017
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 139:44, s. 15784-15791
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DNA has proven of high utility to modulate the surface functionality of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for various biomedical applications. Nevertheless, current methods for preparing DNA-MOF nanoparticles rely on either inefficient covalent conjugation or specific modification of oligonucleotides. In this work, we report that unmodified oligonucleotides can be loaded on MOFs with high density (∼2500 strands/particle) via intrinsic, multivalent coordination between DNA backbone phosphate and unsaturated zirconium sites on MOFs. More significantly, surface-bound DNA can be efficiently released in either bulk solution or specific organelles in live cells when free phosphate ions are present. As a proof-of-concept for using this novel type of DNA-MOFs in immunotherapy, we prepared a construct of immunostimulatory DNA-MOFs (isMOFs) by intrinsically coordinating cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides on biocompatible zirconium MOF nanoparticles, which was further armed by a protection shell of calcium phosphate (CaP) exoskeleton. We demonstrated that isMOFs exhibited high cellular uptake, organelle specificity, and spatiotemporal control of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-triggered immune responses. When isMOF reached endolysosomes via microtubule-mediated trafficking, the CaP exoskeleton dissolved in the acidic environment and in situ generated free phosphate ions. As a result, CpG was released from isMOFs and stimulated potent immunostimulation in living macrophage cells. Compared with naked CpG-MOF, isMOFs exhibited 83-fold up-regulation in stimulated secretion of cytokines. We thus expect this isMOF design with soluble CaP exoskeleton and an embedded sequential "protect-release" program provides a highly generic approach for intracellular delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids.
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| 13. |
- Ahmed, M., et al.
(author)
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Search for the lepton-family-number nonconserving decay μ +→e +γ
- 2002
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In: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 65:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The MEGA experiment, which searched for the muon- and electron-number violating decay μ +→e + γ, is described. The spectrometer system, the calibrations, the data taking procedures, the data analysis, and the sensitivity of the experiment are discussed. The most stringent upper limit on the branching ratio, B(μ + →e + γ)<1.2×10 -11 with 90% confidence, is derived from a likelihood analysis.
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| 14. |
- Akbar, M., et al.
(author)
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Demonstrating the dual functionalities of CeO2–CuO composites in solid oxide fuel cells
- 2021
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In: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 46:15, s. 9938-9947
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nowadays, lowering the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is a major challenge towards their widespread application. This has triggered extensive material studies involving the research for new electrolytes and electrodes. Among these works, it has been shown that CeO2 is not only a promising basis of solid oxide electrolytes, but also capable of serving as a catalytic assistant in anode. In the present work, to develop new electrolytes and electrodes for SOFCs based on these features of CeO2, a new type of functional composite is developed by introducing semiconductor CuO into CeO2. The prepared composites with mole ratios of 7:3 (7CeO2–3CuO) and 3:7 (3CeO2–7CuO) are assessed as electrolyte and anode in fuel cells, respectively. The cell based on 7CeO2–3CuO electrolyte reaches a power outputs of 845 mW cm−2 at 550 °C, superior to that of pure CeO2 electrolyte fuel cell, while an Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ electrolyte SOFC with 3CeO2–7CuO anode achieves high power density along with open circuit voltage of 1.05 V at 550 °C. In terms of polarization curve and AC impedance analysis, our investigation manifests the developed 7CeO2–3CuO composite has good electrolyte capability with a hybrid H+/O2− conductivity of 0.1–0.137 S cm−1 at 500–550 °C, while the 3CeO2–7CuO composite plays a competent anode role with considerable catalytic activity, indicative of the dual-functionalities of CeO2–CuO in fuel cell. Furthermore, a bulk heterojunction effect based on CeO2/CuO pn junction is proposed to interpret the suppressed electrons in 7CeO2–3CuO electrolyte. Our study thus reveals the great potential of CeO2–CuO to develop functional materials for SOFCs to enable low-temperature operation.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Barnes, DR, et al.
(author)
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Breast and Prostate Cancer Risks for Male BRCA1 and BRCA2 Pathogenic Variant Carriers Using Polygenic Risk Scores
- 2022
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In: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 114:1, s. 109-122
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundRecent population-based female breast cancer and prostate cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been developed. We assessed the associations of these PRS with breast and prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers.Methods483 BRCA1 and 1318 BRCA2 European ancestry male carriers were available from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). A 147-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prostate cancer PRS (PRSPC) and a 313-SNP breast cancer PRS were evaluated. There were 3 versions of the breast cancer PRS, optimized to predict overall (PRSBC), estrogen receptor (ER)–negative (PRSER-), or ER-positive (PRSER+) breast cancer risk.ResultsPRSER+ yielded the strongest association with breast cancer risk. The odds ratios (ORs) per PRSER+ standard deviation estimates were 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.07 to 1.83) for BRCA1 and 1.33 (95% CI = 1.16 to 1.52) for BRCA2 carriers. PRSPC was associated with prostate cancer risk for BRCA1 (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.28 to 2.33) and BRCA2 (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.34 to 1.91) carriers. The estimated breast cancer odds ratios were larger after adjusting for female relative breast cancer family history. By age 85 years, for BRCA2 carriers, the breast cancer risk varied from 7.7% to 18.4% and prostate cancer risk from 34.1% to 87.6% between the 5th and 95th percentiles of the PRS distributions.ConclusionsPopulation-based prostate and female breast cancer PRS are associated with a wide range of absolute breast and prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. These findings warrant further investigation aimed at providing personalized cancer risks for male carriers and informing clinical management.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Chen, Weimin, et al.
(author)
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How to Deactivate Harmful Defects and Active them for New Spin Functionalities in a Semiconductor?
- 2015
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In: Abstract Book. ; , s. FF3.02-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate a general approach via spin engineering that is capable of not only deactivating defect-mediated efficient non-radiative carrier recombination channels in a semiconductor that are harmful to photonic and photovoltaic device performance, but also adding new room-temperature (RT) spin functionalities that are desirable for future spintronics and spin-photonics but so far unachievable otherwise. This approach exploits the Pauli Exclusion Principle that prohibits occupation of a non-degenerate defect level by two spin-parallel electrons, thereby providing spin blockade of carrier recombination via the defect level. The success of the approach is demonstrated in the dilute nitride of Ga(In)NAs, which holds promises for low-cost, highly efficient lasers for fiber-optic communications as well as for multi-band and multi-junction solar cell applications. First we identify that Gai self-interstitials and their complexes are the most common grown-in defects found in Ga(In)NAs grown by both molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). They provide a dominant non-radiative shunt path for non-equilibrium carriers, leading to low efficiencies of light-emitting and photon-charge carrier conversion. Spin blockade is shown to lead to a giant enhancement by up to 800% in light emission intensity at RT.Furthermore we show that via spin engineering these seemingly harmful defects can be turned into advantages by adding unconventional defect-enabled spin functionalities that are highly effective at RT, including some of the fundamental building blocks essential for future spintronics. We demonstrate efficient defect-engineered spin filtering in Ga(In)NAs, which is capable of generating a record-high degree (> 40%) of electron spin polarization at RT [Nature Materials 8, 198 (2009), Phys. Rev. B 89, 195412 (2014)]. We also provide the first experimental demonstration of an efficient RT spin amplifier based on defect engineered Ga(In)NAs with a spin gain up to 2700% [Adv. Materials 25, 738 (2013)]. Such a spin amplifier is shown to be capable of amplifying a fast-modulating input spin signal while truthfully maintaining its time variation of the spin-encoded information [7]. By taking advantage of the spin amplification effect, we show that Ga(In)NAs can be employed as efficient RT spin detectors, with spin detection efficiency well exceeding 100% [8,9]. By combining the spin-filtering effect and hyperfine coupling, we further achieve the first realization of RT nuclear spin hyperpolarization in semiconductors via conduction electrons [Nature Communications. 4, 1751 (2013)], relevant to nuclear spin qubits. We believe that such defect-enabled spin functionalities could potentially provide an attractive, alternative solution to the current and important issues on RT spin injection, spin amplification and spin detection in semiconductors for future spintronics.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Cooper, M. D., et al.
(author)
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Construction and performance of MEGA's low-mass, high-rate cylindrical MWPCs
- 1998
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 417:1, s. 24-49
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A design for extremely low mass, high-resolution multiwire proportional chambers (MWPC) was achieved by the MEGA collaboration in its experiment to search for the lepton family number violating decay μ → eγ. To extend the present branching ratio limit by over an order of magnitude, these MWPCs were operated in high particle fluxes. They showed minimal effects of aging, and evidenced spatial and energy resolutions for the orbiting positrons from muon decay which were consistent with our design parameters. The unique features of these chambers, their assembly into the MEGA positron spectrometer, and their performance during the experiment are described in this paper.
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| 23. |
- Dagnelund, Daniel, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Activation of defects in GaNP by post-growth hydrogen treatment
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Effect of post-growth hydrogen treatment on defects and their role in carrier recombination in molecular beam epitaxial GaNP alloys is examined by means of photoluminescence and optically detected magnetic resonance. We present direct experimental evidence for effective activation of several different defects in carrier recombination by the hydrogen treatment. Among them, two defect complexes are identified to contain a Ga interstitial (Gai). None of the activated Gai complexes was previously observed in GaNP. Possible mechanisms for the hydrogen-induced defect activation are discussed.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Dagnelund, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Effects of hydrogenation on non-radiative defects in GaNP and GaNAs alloys: An optically detected magnetic resonance study
- 2012
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 111:023501
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photoluminescence and optically detected magnetic resonance techniques are utilized to study defect properties of GaNP and GaNAs alloys subjected to post-growth hydrogenation by low-energy sub-threshold ion beam irradiation. It is found that in GaNP H incorporation leads to activation of new defects, which has a Ga interstitial (Ga-i) atom at its core and may also involve a H atom as a partner. The observed activation critically depends on the presence of N in the alloy, as it does not occur in GaP with a low level of N doping. In sharp contrast, in GaNAs hydrogen is found to efficiently passivate Ga-i-related defects present in the as-grown material. A possible mechanism responsible for the observed difference in the H behavior in GaNP and GaNAs is discussed.
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