| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Carlos, Perez Penichet, et al.
(författare)
-
Augmenting IoT networks with backscatter-enabled passive sensor tags
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450342513 ; , s. 23-27
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensing modalities available in an Internet-of-Things (IoT) network are usually fixed before deployment, when the operator selects a suitable IoT platform. Retrofitting a deployment with additional sensors can be cumbersome, because it requires either modifying the deployed hardware or adding new devices that then have to be maintained. In this paper, we present our vision and work towards passive sensor tags: battery-free devices that allow to augment existing IoT deployments with additional sensing capabilities without the need to modify the existing deployment. Our passive sensor tags use backscatter transmissions to communicate with the deployed network. Crucially, they do this in a way that is compatible with the deployed network's radio protocol, and without the need for additional infrastructure. We present an FPGA-based prototype of a passive sensor tag that can communicate with unmodified 802.15.4 IoT devices. Our initial experiments with the prototype support the feasibility of our approach. We also lay out the next steps towards fully realizing the vision of passive sensor tags.
|
|
| 3. |
- Carlos, Pérez-Penichet, et al.
(författare)
-
Battery-Free 802.15.4 Receiver
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN). - : IEEE. - 9781538652985 ; , s. 164-175
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the architecture of an 802.15.4 receiver that, for the first time, operates at a few hundred microwatts, enabling new battery-free applications. To reach the required micro-power consumption, the architecture diverges from that of commodity receivers in two important ways. First, it offloads the power-hungry local oscillator to an external device, much like backscatter transmitters do. Second, we avoid the energy cost of demodulating a phase-modulated signal by treating 802.15.4 as a frequency-modulated one, which allows us to receive with a simple passive detector and an energy-efficient thresholding circuit. We describe a prototype that can receive 802.15.4 frames with a power consumption of 361 μW. Our receiver prototype achieves sufficient communication range to integrate with deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs).We illustrate this integration by pairing the prototype with an 802.15.4 backscatter transmitter and integrating it with unmodified 802.15.4 sensor nodes running the TSCH and Glossy protocols.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Di Lascio, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
Poster Abstract : LocaLight - A Battery-free PassiveLocalization System Using Visible Light
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most existing indoor localization systems are battery-powered and use the changes in Radio Frequency (RF) signals to localize objects. In this paper, we present LocaLight: a battery-free indoor localization system that localizes objects using visible light by tracking the shadow they cast. By sensing a drop in the intensity of ambient light caused by the presence of a shadow, LocaLight localizes the object. Since the position of the shadow can be predicted, it is possible to localize the object in a sensitive area by carefully positioning the light sensors and the overhead lights. Our initial results suggest that LocaLight achieves an accuracy comparable to many of the state-of-the art solutions that use RF.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Giustiniano, Domenico, et al.
(författare)
-
Connecting Battery-free IoT Tags Using LED Bulbs
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 99-105, s. 99-105
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce BackVLC, a system to connect battery-free IoT tags using LED bulbs. We make use of bulbs beyond illumination. We send data to the tags with visible light communication (VLC), and retrofit the bulbs with simple circuitry to enable the uplink channel current VLC systems lack, using Radio Frequency (RF) backscatter communication from the tags. Tags process and send data, harvesting energy from light and radio. We present our system design and implementation, evaluate it in preliminary simulation studies and experiments, and discuss the research challenges to develop a complete network architecture. BackVLC is the first work that combines VLC with RF backscatter.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hewage, Kasun, et al.
(författare)
-
modBulb : a modular light bulb for visible light communication
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to several interesting properties such as large bandwidth and immunity against radio interference, Visible Light Communication (VLC) has caught the attention of the research community. Current efforts are, however, hampered by the lack of open source platforms. We present modBulb, an open, modular light bulb. modBulb is a VLC transmitter that can be customized to the application's requirements. modBulb enables modulation and other processing through an MCU for flexibility and ease of programming or an FPGA for applications that require higher efficiency. Furthermore, modBulb supports several driving circuits to balance the trade-off between energy efficiency and switching noise. Last but not least, the light source itself can be selected according to the application's requirements. We present experiments that demonstrate modBulb's salient properties.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hilmia, Abdalah, et al.
(författare)
-
Poster Abstract:BouKey : Location-Based Key Sharing Using Visible LightCommunication
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an emerging communication channel serving as a complement to traditional wireless communication. Visible light has many advantages over other communication channels like its inability to penetrate opaque objects. Securely sharing secret keys is a known problem in computer security. Sharing security keys using Radio Frequency (RF) communication is prone to sniffing attacks. In this paper, we introduce a system called BouKey which uses visible light to share keys. This makes BouKey immune to through the wall sniffing attacks. BouKey divides the key and shares it using multiple transmission bulbs allowing the key to be received in a specific area only. Our initial results show that the characteristics and height of the receiver, as well as the transmission angle play a key role in determining the shape and size of this area.
|
|
| 11. |
- Hylamia, Abdullah, et al.
(författare)
-
Demo : Towards battery-free radio tomographic imaging
- 2018
-
Ingår i: WiSec 2018 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450357319 ; , s. 293-295, s. 293-295
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radio Tomographic Imaging (RTI) enables novel radio frequency (RF) sensing applications such as intrusion detection systems by observing variations in radio links caused by human actions. RTI applications are, however, severely limited by the requirement to retrofit existing infrastructure with energy-expensive sensors. In this demonstration, we present our ongoing efforts to develop the first battery-free RTI system that operates on minuscule amounts of energy harvested from the ambient environment. Our system eliminates the energy-expensive components employed on state-of-the-art RTI systems achieving two orders of magnitude lower power consumption. Battery-free operation enables a sustainable deployment, as RTI sensors could be deployed for long periods of time with little maintenance effort. Our demonstration showcases an intrusion detection scenario enabled by our system.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Hylamia, Sam, et al.
(författare)
-
Security on harvested power
- 2018
-
Ingår i: WiSec 2018 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450357319 ; , s. 296-298
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Security mechanisms for battery-free devices have to operate under severe energy constraints relying on harvested energy. This is challenging, as the energy harvested from the ambient environment is usually scarce, intermittent and unpredictable. One of the challenges for developing security mechanisms for such settings is the lack of hardware platforms that recreate energy harvesting conditions experienced on a battery-free sensor node. In this demonstration, we present an energy harvesting security (EHS) platform that enables the development of security algorithms for battery-free sensors. Our results demonstrate that our platform is able to harvest sufficient energy from indoor lighting to support several widely used cryptography algorithms.
|
|
| 15. |
- Mages, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
-
Demo: An Educational Platform to Learn Radio Frequency Wireless Communication
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services. - New York, NY, USA. - 9798400701108 ; , s. 600-601
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obtaining hands-on experience with wireless communication can be challenging due to the limited configurability of most commercial off-the-shelf transceivers. We present a low-cost and open-source educational platform designed to help students experiment and investigate wireless concepts through real-world testing. Our platform provides students with the ability to control the physical-layer configuration, design and implement their backscatter system, and conduct link quality experiments to investigate the resulting system performance. This platform offers students a unique opportunity to gain practical experience and deepen their understanding of wireless communication, while also providing a valuable tool for researchers and educators in the field.
|
|
| 16. |
- Narayanan, Revathy, et al.
(författare)
-
HarvestPrint : Securing Battery-free Backscatter Tags through Fingerprinting
- 2021
-
Ingår i: HotNets 2021 - Proceedings of the 20th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 178-184
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Backscatter enables wireless transmissions at dramatically lower power compared to mainstream Internet of Things (IoT) transmitters. This significantly improves battery life or even eliminates the need of batteries for backscatter-based 'tags' operating on energy harvested from the environment. However, trading off complexity for low power consumption exposing backscatter tags to a multitude of security risks. A significant challenge is imposter tags that mimic legitimate tag behaviour, compromising the system data integrity. In this work, we argue that tag simplicity and operation on harvested energy can help identify imposter transmissions, thus safeguarding data integrity. Our experimental study reveals that commonly used low-power tag oscillators demonstrate unique fingerprint patterns when exposed to the dynamics of harvested energy. Based on this observation, we design and propose HarvestPrint, which leverages these fingerprints to differentiate authentic backscatter transmissions from imposter transmissions. Experiments with a tag powered through a small solar cell show the potential of HarvestPrint.
|
|
| 17. |
- Perez Penichet, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Demo : Passive Sensor Tags
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Mobicom'16. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450342261 ; , s. 477-478
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensing capabilities of an Internet-of-Things (IoT) network are usually fixed at deployment. Adding new sensing modalities is a cumbersome process because it requires altering the deployed hardware. We introduce passive sensor tags that allow to easily and seamlessly add new sensors to existing IoT deployments without requiring hardware modifications or additional energy sources. Passive sensor tags employ backscatter communication to generate transmissions that can be decoded by the radio transceivers present in today's IoT devices. Furthermore, unlike recent works, our approach does not require dedicated infrastructure to generate the unmodulated carrier used for backscatter communication. The demo showcases our prototype of a passive sensor tag collecting sensor data and delivering it to unmodified commodity IoT devices using passive 802.15.4 transmissions.
|
|
| 18. |
- Pérez-Penichet, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Demo Abstract : Battery-Free 802.15.4 Receiver
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN). - : IEEE. - 9781538652985 ; , s. 130-131
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the architecture for an 802.15.4 receiver that enables battery-free operation. To reach micro-power consumption, the architecture diverges from that of commodity receivers in the following ways: First, similar to backscatter transmitters, it offloads the power-hungry local oscillator to an external device. Second, we avoid the energy cost of demodulating a phase-modulated signal by treating 802.15.4 as a frequency-modulated one, allowing us to receive with a simple passive detector and an energy-efficient thresholding circuit. We demonstrate an off-the-shelf prototype of our receiver receives 802.15.4 from a distance of 470 cm with the carrier generator 30 cm away. This range is sufficient to integrate with deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We demonstrate this integration by pairing our receiver with a 802.15.4 backscatter transmitter and integrating it with unmodified commodity sensor nodes running the TSCH protocol.
|
|
| 19. |
- Pérez-Penichet, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Do Multiple Bits per Symbol Increase the Throughput of Ambient Backscatter Communications?
- 2016
-
Ingår i: EWSN '16 Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Embedded Wireless Systems and Networks. - 9780994988607 ; , s. 355-360
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Backscatter wireless communications have exceptionally stringent power constraints. This is particularly true for ambient backscatter systems, where energy and wireless carrier are both extracted from weak existing radio signals. The tight power constraints make it difficult to implement advanced coding techniques like spread spectrum, even though such techniques are effective in increasing the communication range and robustness in this type of systems. We draw inspiration from ?code, a previous backscatter coding approach, where data bits are encoded in single-data-bit chip sequences of considerable length to gain robustness. We introduce a new coding technique that encodes several bits in a single symbol in order to increase the data rate of ambient backscatter, while maintaining an acceptable compromise with robustness. We study the proposed technique by means of simulations and characterize the bit error rate and data rate dependencies. A comparison with ?code is drawn and the benefits of each approach are analyzed in search for the best strategy for increasing data rate while maintaining robustness to noise.
|
|
| 20. |
- Pérez-Penichet, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Poster abstract : Augmenting WSNs with interoperable 802.15.4 sensor tags
- 2017
-
Ingår i: SenSys 2017 - Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450354592
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensing capabilities of most sensor networks are fixed at the time of deployment. Adding new sensing capabilities to such networks is a costly and cumbersome process. We present Passive Sensor Tags, battery-free sensing devices that could be used to extend the sensing capabilities of an existing network. Sensor tags feature our new 802.15.4 receiver design which is suitable for micro-power operation, making battery-free tags possible. Because our tags can both transmit and receive 802.15.4 frames there is no need for any modification to the deployed hardware. We present preliminary measurements of transmission and reception range.
|
|
| 21. |
- Soleiman, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Battery-free Visible Light Sensing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings Of The 23rd Annual International Conference On Mobile Computing And Networking (MOBICOM '17). - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 582-584
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our efforts to design the first Visible Light Sensing (VLS) system that consumes only tens of mu Ws of power to sense and communicate. Our system requires no modification to the existing light infrastructure and uses unmodulated ambient light as sensing medium. We achieve this by designing a sensing mechanism that uses solar cells to achieve sub-mu Ws of power consumption. Further, we devise an ultra-low power backscatter based transmission mechanism we call Scatterlight that transmits digital readings without incurring the processing and computation overhead of existing sensors. Based on these principles we build a preliminary prototype. Our initial results demonstrate its ability to sense and communicate three hand gestures at 20 mu Ws of power.
|
|
| 22. |
- Soleiman, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Demo: Battery-free Visible Light Sensing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proc. 4th ACM Workshop on Visible Light Communication Systems. - New York : ACM Press. - 9781450351423 ; , s. 35-35
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Varshney, Ambuj, et al.
(författare)
-
Battery-free VisibleLight Sensing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceeding VLCS '17 Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Visible Light Communication Systems. Snowbird, Utah, USA — October 16 - 16, 2017. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 3-8, s. 3-8
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the design of the first Visible Light Sensing (VLS) system that consumes only tens of μWs of power to sense and communicate. Unlike most existing VLS systems, we require no modification to the existing light infrastructure since we use unmodulated light as a sensing medium. We achieve this by designing a novel mechanism that uses solar cells to achieve a sub-μW power consumption for sensing. Further, we devise an ultra-low power transmission mechanism that backscatters sensor readings and avoids the processing and computational overhead of existing sensor systems. Our initial results show the ability to detect and transmit hand gestures or presence of people up to distances of 330m at a peak power of μWs. Further, we demonstrate that our system can operate in diverse light conditions (100 lx to 80 klx) where existing VLS designs fail due to saturation of the transimpedance amplifier (TIA).
|
|
| 25. |
- Varshney, Ambuj, et al.
(författare)
-
Coordination of Wireless Sensor Networks using Visible Light
- 2015
-
Ingår i: SenSys '15 Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450336314 ; , s. 421-422
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless sensor networks are often deployed indoors where artificial lighting is present. Indoor lighting is increasingly being composed of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) that offer the ability to precisely control the intensity and the frequency of the light carrier. This can be used to coordinate wireless sensor networks (WSN). The periodic variations in the light intensity can synchronise the clocks on the sensor nodes, while the ability to modulate the light carrier enables the transmission of control information like channel assignment or transmission schedules.We present Guidelight, a simple mechanism that uses controlled fluctuations in the light intensity to coordinate sensor nodes. Guidelight can wake-up or time synchronise sensor nodes or even send small bits of control information to them. All of these have separate dedicated solutions in WSN. Guidelight aims to provide a single solution to all these problems. Our initial experiments demonstrate the ability of Guidelight to trigger sensor nodes. We demonstrate Guidelight is able to trigger sensor nodes selectively at a mean error of 21 μ s.
|
|
