| 1. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 2. |
- Axelsson Fisk, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Sweden: an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy
- 2018
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Ingår i: SSM - Population Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8273. ; 4, s. 334-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Socioeconomic, ethnic and gender disparities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) risk are well established but no studies have applied multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) within an intersectional framework to study this outcome. We study individuals at the first level of analysis and combinations of multiple social and demographic categorizations (i.e., intersectional strata) at the second level of analysis. Here we used MAIHDA to assess to what extent individual differences in the propensity of developing COPD are at the intersectional strata level. We also used MAIHDA to determine the degree of similarity in COPD incidence of individuals in the same intersectional stratum. This leads to an improved understanding of risk heterogeneity and of the social dynamics driving socioeconomic and demographic disparities in COPD incidence. Using data from 2,445,501 residents in Sweden aged 45–65, we constructed 96 intersectional strata combining categories of age, gender, income, education, civil- and migration status. The incidences of COPD ranged from 0.02% for young, native males with high income and high education who cohabited to 0.98% for older native females with low income and low education who lived alone. We calculated the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) that informs on the discriminatory accuracy of the categorizations. In a model that conflated additive and interaction effects, the ICC was good (20.0%). In contrast, in a model that measured only interaction effects, the ICC was poor (1.1%) suggesting that most of the observed differences in COPD incidence across strata are due to the main effects of the categories used to construct the intersectional matrix while only a minor share of the differences are attributable to intersectional interactions. We found conclusive interaction effects. The intersectional MAIHDA approach offers improved information to guide public health policies in COPD prevention, and such policies should adopt an intersectional perspective.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Brounéus, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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”Vi måste förbereda oss för att antibiotika slutar fungera”
- 2021
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - Stockholm : AB Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2021-02-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 11 forskare: En framtid utan verksam antibiotika är inte nödvändigtvis ett undergångsscenario eller en nattsvart dystopi. Men samhällets alla sektorer måste förbereda sig i god tid. Då kan detta postantibiotiska samhälle mycket väl utgöra en levbar framtid.
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| 7. |
- Castro, Arabella, et al.
(författare)
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Professionals’ Views on the Comparatively Low Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Spain
- 2021
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Ingår i: Violence against Women. - : Sage Publications. - 1077-8012 .- 1552-8448. ; 28:6-7, s. 1565-1586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to understand the reasons why Spain has one of the lowest prevalence rates of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in the European Union. Using a qualitative and inductive research approach, a total of five focus groups (n = 19) and 10 unstructured interviews with key informants were conducted. Three main categories were identified as possible explanations of the relatively low prevalence of IPVAW in Spain: law and policy, social awareness, and cultural patterns. Lessons learned and implications to improve future macrolevel intervention and prevention strategies are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Castro, Arabella, et al.
(författare)
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Professional’s Views on the ‘Nordic Paradox’ in a Low Intimate Partner Violence Prevalence Country
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Spanish Journal of Psychology. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 1138-7416 .- 1988-2904. ; 27, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The apparently contradictory co-existence of high levels of gender equality and intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) found in Nordic countries has been termed the Nordic Paradox. The aim of this study was to examine how the Nordic Paradox is discussed and explained by Spanish professionals working in the IPVAW field. Five focus groups (n = 19) and interviews with key informants (n = 10) were conducted. Four main categories of possible explanations for the Nordic Paradox were identified: Macro-micro disconnect (i.e., discordance between individual beliefs and behaviors and macro-social norms of gender equality), IPVAW as multicausal (i.e., IPVAW defined as a multicausal phenomenon that does not necessarily have to be associated with gender equality), cultural patterns of social relationships (i.e., the role of social relationships and the way people relate to each other in the Nordic countries), and backlash effect (i.e., men’s reaction to greater equality for women). Although this study does not provide a final explanation for the Nordic paradox, its results provide us with a better understanding of the phenomenon and can help to advance research in this field.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ericsson, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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Revisiting socio-economic inequalities in sedentary leisure time in Sweden : An intersectional analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:4, s. 570-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Swedish public health reports have repeatedly provided information about socio-economic inequalities in sedentary leisure time, despite that, in the interest of health equity, physical activity should be equally distributed in the population. Such public health reports, however, neither consider the intersection of multiple socio-demographic factors nor the individual heterogeneity around group averages. Drawing on intersectionality theory, this study aimed to revisit previous findings on sedentary leisure time from Swedish public health surveys and demonstrate how the analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA) can be used for analysing complex health inequalities.Methods: Using data from Swedish national public health surveys (2004–2015), we applied the AIHDA to define 72 intersectional groups by categories of age, gender, educational achievement, migration status and household composition. We then calculated (a) the absolute and relative risk of sedentary leisure time and (b) the discriminatory accuracy (DA) of the intersectional grouping.Results: The average risk of sedentary leisure time ranged from 5.8% among native-born, highly educated, young women living alone to 41.0% among immigrated young men, living alone, with low education. The risk was higher in strata comprising immigrated people with low education and lower in strata including native-born, highly educated people. However, the DA of the grouping was poor, indicating a substantial overlap of individual risk between groups.Conclusions: Using the AIHDA and drawing on intersectionality, this study provides an improved mapping of the socio-economic distribution of sedentary leisure time in Sweden, with the poor DA suggesting universal rather than targeted physical activity interventions.
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| 13. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative facts or women’s empowerment? Swedish women’s claims about the health risks of copper IUD use
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The internet has radically transformed the way that people seek and share information and, as a consequence, their relationship to established epistemic authorities. It has been stated that ‘the contestation of expertise is perhaps nowhere more pronounced’ than in the field of health (Vuolanto et al., 2020: 508). Health-related information on the internet stems from a variety of actors and sometimes contradicts information provided by medical authorities. There is, hence, a widespread concern about misinformation about health and its potential consequences for individual and public health. In this contribution we intervene in scholarly discussions on knowledge claims about health in an era of ‘epistemic democracy’ (Lynch, 2017) enabled by digitalization. We do this through the case of a group of women who claim, contrary to established medical authorities, that using a copper IUD may lead to side effects caused by a systemic excess of copper. The women are organized through a Swedish language Facebook group currently gathering 9.300 members. Drawing on seven online group interviews with a total of 23 women recruited from the Facebook group and 23 written essays collected from members of the same group, we analyse the women’s ‘alternative’ knowledge claims in relation to three tensions that we identify in the discursive and institutional contexts in which these women’s epistemic negotiations are embedded.The first tension concerns the way that this alternative discourse may be related, on the one hand, to current trends of ‘alternative facts’ and conspiracy theories spreading through digital platforms, but, on the other hand, to the internet’s facilitation of subordinated groups’ information sharing and empowerment in the face of conventional epistemic authorities. Women’s organizing around health has indeed been pivotal given a long history of women’s health concerns and embodied experiences being marginalized or deprioritized in modern medicine. The second tension relates to these women’s ambiguous position in a neoliberal society which fosters an ideal of patients taking individual responsibility for their health, while having trouble coping with the ‘undisciplined patients’ (Keshet & Popper-Giveon, 2018) which such independence may foster. A third and final tension is identified between, on the one hand, the individualized responsibility nurtured among women embracing the alternative knowledge claims about the copper IUD and, on the other, the collective mode in which such individual responsibility is enabled and played out.
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| 14. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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"Being our own researchers" : knowledge claims about the risks of using the copper IUD among social media active women in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Presented at SANT, Lund (online), 22-23 april, 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large amount of information on health-related issues is today distributed via the internet, including in user-directed forums. People seeking to inform themselves can thereby access contradictory information, stemming from health care institutions as well as other actors. Such information can concern claimed adverse effects of established medical interventions. An example is alternative knowledge claims about side effects of the contraceptive copper IUD (intrauterine device), which circulate on the internet, for example on Facebook. This presentation addresses these knowledge claims, based on seven focus groups with 23 members of a Swedish Facebook group (currently with almost 8.000 members) centered on ‘copper toxicity’ as an effect of using a copper IUD. We analyze these knowledge claims in relation to a set of tensions identified in the discursive and institutional contexts in which they are embedded. On the one hand, we relate them to the present surge of and attention to fake news and conspiracy theories spreading not least via social media, and, on the other hand, to a history of women’s health concerns being deprioritized in modern medicine. Further, we discuss the claims in relation to ideals of patient-centered care and self-care or health entrepreneurship in neoliberal society, including the active use of information and communication technologies, and to limits to the desired independence of patients’ construction and communication of health-related knowledge. Finally, we address the tension between the individual, entrepreneurial responsibility nurtured among women embracing alternative knowledge about the copper IUD and the collective mode in which such individual responsibility is enabled and played out.
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| 15. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Between the scientific and the alternative : Women’s claims about copper toxicity caused by IUD use
- 2022
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Ingår i: Workshop "Assemblages of Rare Diseases. - : Rare Disease Social Research Center (RDSRC).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The copper IUD is a widely used contraceptive, recommended to many women who want a long-acting contraceptive method and sometimes seen as an alternative for those who want to avoid side effects associated with hormonal alternatives. However, while many report being satisfied with their copper IUD, a growing number of women speak about a range of mental and physical symptoms believed to be caused by copper excess due to copper IUD use. This set of systemic side effects may be framed as a rare disease but is not recognized as such by established medical authorities. In Sweden accounts about copper IUD related side effects circulate on social media, primarily in a Facebook group which presently includes over 9000 members.Based on online group interviews and written essays, we examine how women embracing these alternative knowledge claims navigate various sources of information, focusing the role of scientificity in these epistemic negotiations. We show that participants were strongly invested in scientificity and criticized medical authorities for not being scientific enough. Meanwhile, due to a perceived lack of scientifically based expertise on their condition, many of the women reported having little choice but to turn to alternative or non-scientific modes of health-related knowledge and practices. We argue that medical authorities’ tendencies towards portraying these women’s claims as unscientific simplify the nature of lay knowledge production, potentially deepening divides between medical authorities and parts of the public.
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| 16. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the concept of experiential knowledge : The case of women claiming to suffer from systemic side effects of the copper IUD
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The feminist movement has played a key role in challenging dominant modes of knowledge and expertise, revealing the masculine biases of allegedly objective knowledge and linking such biases to gendered power structures. In the field of health, the contestation of established medical knowledge and practices has also been centrally informed by the women’s health movement. In both the feminist movement broadly and in the women’s health movement, women’s ‘lived experiences’ have comprised an epistemic basis for building new knowledge challenging received wisdom. The use of women’s collectively processed personal experiences as an epistemic counter-authority has been most programmatically articulated in the method of feminist consciousness-raising that was central in the 1970s’ second wave of feminism. Meanwhile, feminist theorists, especially of a poststructuralist or social constructionist orientation, have criticized naïve concepts of experience as a basis for knowledge claims, arguing that experiences are always culturally and discursively mediated in a way that rids them of their status as an unproblematic locus of truth. In this presentation we revisit feminist debates on the epistemic status of experience and its place in building counter-knowledges, through an analysis of group interviews (7) with and essays (23) written by women who claim or suspect that their use of copper IUDs has led to a range of systematic side-effects related to a bodily excess of copper. The knowledge claims about systemic side effects from copper IUDs are not supported by conventional medical authorities or healthcare institutions. The women were recruited from a Facebook group centred on the issue. We delineate the different ways that the women collectively draw on their own experiences as a ground for building their counter-discourse, relating to previous theorizations of feminist consciousness raising and feminist discussions of the relationship between experience and knowledge. However, we also show that the women’s invocation of experiential knowledge is complemented by other epistemic strategies bolstering their knowledge claims. Finally, we seek to draw out the implications of our case analysis for epistemic debates in a ‘post-truth’ era, where subjective experiences as a counterforce to established expertise are used by both progressive and reactionary groups.
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| 17. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Feminism, post-truth and the epistemic status of experience : The case of women claiming to sufferfrom copper-related side effects of the copper IUD
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The feminist movement has played a key role in challenging dominant modes of knowledge and expertise, revealing themasculine biases of allegedly objective knowledge and linking such biases to gendered power structures. In the field of health,the contestation of established medical knowledge and practices has also been centrally informed by the women’s healthmovement. In both the feminist movement more broadly and in the women’s health movement, women’s ‘lived experiences’have comprised an epistemic basis for building new knowledge challenging hegemonic perspectives. The use of women’scollectively processed personal experiences as an epistemic counter-authority has been most programmatically articulated inthe method of feminist consciousness-raising that was central in the 1970s’ second wave of feminism. Meanwhile, feministtheorists, especially of a poststructuralist or social constructionist orientation, have criticized naïve concepts of experience asa basis for knowledge claims, arguing that experiences are always culturally and discursively mediated in a way that rids themof their status as an unproblematic locus of truth.In this presentation we revisit feminist debates on the epistemic status of experience and its place in building counter-knowledges, through an analysis of group interviews (7) with and essays (23) written by women who claim or suspect thattheir use of copper IUDs has led to a range of systematic side-effects related to an excess of copper in their bodies. Thewomen, whose knowledge claims about the copper IUD are not supported by conventional medical authorities or healthcareinstitutions, were recruited from a Facebook group centred on the issue. We delineate the different ways that the womencollectively draw on their own experiences as a ground for building their counter-discourse, relating to previous theorizationsof feminist consciousness raising and feminist discussions of the relationship between experience and knowledge. However,we also show that the women’s invocation of experiential knowledge is complemented by other epistemic strategies bolsteringtheir knowledge claims. Finally, we seek to draw out the implications of our case analysis for epistemic debates in a ‘post-truth’ era, where subjective experiences as a counterforce to established expertise are used to advance both progressive andreactionary ends.
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| 18. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Inceldom and involuntary singlehood in times of precarious love
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, a line of serious incidents of violence towards women have been committed by men who self-identify as involuntary celibates, or ‘incels’. Incels are part of what is described as a political sub-culture or online community, marked by misogyny and driven by affects like resentment, shame and revenge. The incel communities consist of men who feel they are unable to form romantic and sexual attachments with women, who blame women and feminism for this failure and – contrary to a feminist world view – describe this as a proof of a contemporary gynocentric order where men are victims and women powerful. This presentation draws the theoretical contours of a research project on involuntary celibacy and singlehood that is in its starting phase. While the emerging body of incel research and commentary is focused on the ideological distortions at play in incel men’s descriptions of themselves as victims on a mating market where women hold the power (Chang 2020; Menzie 2020; Witt 2020), we set out to take incel men’s claims about vulnerability more seriously, analysing them in light of structural transformations of the conditions of intimacy which have made intimacy an increasingly precarious matter. We situate our analysis of incelhood within research highlighting that post-industrial western societies find themselves in a state of what we call ‘precarious love’, in which, due to cultural, economic and technological changes, love and erotic bonding has become both increasingly important for people’s sense of security and well-being and increasingly characterized by insecurity (Bauman 2003; Gunnarsson et al 2018; Illouz 2012, 2019). In our presentation we aim to show why and how the incel phenomenon and broader experiences of involuntary celibacy and singlehood can be fully understood and explained only in light of these transformations of the conditions of intimacy.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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On the verge between the scientific and the alternative : Swedish women’s claims about systemic side effects of the copper intrauterine device
- 2023
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Ingår i: Public Understanding of Science. - : Sage Publications. - 0963-6625 .- 1361-6609. ; 32:2, s. 175-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article intervenes in discussions on lay knowledge production about health in the Internet era, through the case of a group of women claiming that their use of copper intrauterine devices has led to systemic side effects. Based on online group interviews and written essays, we examine how women embracing these knowledge claims navigate various sources of information, focusing on the role of scientificity in these epistemic negotiations. The women were found to be involved in an active, scientifically oriented process of knowledge formation, which we refer to as a collective labour of scientific patchworking. Meanwhile, due to a perceived lack of scientifically based expertise on their condition, the women reported having little choice but turn to resources with weaker scientific foothold. We argue that the tendency to portray these women’s claims as unscientific simplifies the nature of lay knowledge production, potentially deepening divides between medical authorities and the public.
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| 21. |
- Gunnarsson, Lena, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The different facets of 'experiential knowledge' in Swedish women's claims about systemic side effects of the copper intrauterine device
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sociology of Health and Illness. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0141-9889 .- 1467-9566. ; 45:7, s. 1483-1501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 'Experiential knowledge' has been identified as a key epistemic resource used by lay people to contest medical authorities and build new knowledge related to health. The Internet has created unprecedented opportunities for such experience-based epistemic projects. This article contributes to understandings of the as yet under-theorised concept of experiential knowledge by analysing accounts of a group of Swedish women who claim that their use of contraceptive copper IUDs has led to systemic side effects not recognised by health care providers. Based on digital group interviews and written essays, we distinguish between three components or stages of experiential knowledge at work in the women's use of experience as an epistemic resource: somatic knowing, collective validation and self-experimentation. Drawing on a critical realist framework, we defend a notion of experiential knowledge as crucially, while only partially, based on a bodily and practical access to aspects of reality organised by extra-discursive principles. By providing theoretical complexity to the notion of experiential knowledge, we contribute resources for discriminating between and evaluating various experience-based claims, something that is particularly needed in the current 'post-truth' era where experience-based knowledge claims pointing in divergent directions flourish.
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| 22. |
- Hernández-Yumar, Aránzazu, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the Economic Crisis on Body Mass Index in Spain : An Intersectional Multilevel Analysis Using a Socioeconomic and Regional Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Population Research and Policy Review. - : Springer. - 0167-5923 .- 1573-7829. ; 42:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Great Recession hit Spain deteriorating the living conditions of many Spanish people, increasing the prevalence of several chronic health issues, including obesity, and affecting health inequalities. We analyse the impact of this economic crisis on body mass index (BMI) disparities in Spain, from two perspectives: the socioeconomic and the territorial, through the application of an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy. We use data from the Spanish National Health Surveys of 2006/2007, 2011/2012 and 2016/2017 to build multilevel linear regression models and estimate BMI averages and components of variance. We find a greater increase in the overall average BMI and a widening of the socioeconomic disparities during the hardest years of the crisis. However, these differences decreased when the economic situation in the country began to improve. Both socioeconomic and geographical information contribute to mapping the distribution of BMI in the population. However, according to the ICC values, considering the regional perspective provides a better understanding of the distribution of the BMI, during the period of economic crisis, in the Spanish population. Therefore, regional policies can play an important role in counteracting obesity in times of crisis.
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| 23. |
- Hernández Yumar, Aranzazu, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic differences in body mass index in Spain : An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 13:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies have demonstrated the existence of simple, unidimensional socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI). However, in the present paper we move beyond such traditional analyses by simultaneously considering multiple demographic and socioeconomic dimensions. Using the Spanish National Health Survey 2011–2012, we apply intersectionality theory and multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to analyze 14,190 adults nested within 108 intersectional strata defined by combining categories of gender, age, income, educational achievement and living situation. We develop two multilevel models to obtain information on stratum-specific BMI averages and the degree of clustering of BMI within strata expressed by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The first model is a simple variance components analysis that provides a detailed mapping of the BMI disparities in the population and measures the accuracy of stratum membership to predict individual BMI. The second model includes the variables used to define the intersectional strata as a way to identify stratum-specific interactions. The first model suggests moderate but meaningful clustering of individual BMI within the intersectional strata (ICC = 12.4%). Compared with the population average (BMI = 26.07 Kg/m2), the stratum of cohabiting 18-35-year-old females with medium income and high education presents the lowest BMI (-3.7 Kg/m2), while cohabiting 36-64-year-old females with low income and low education show the highest BMI (+2.6 Kg/m2). In the second model, the ICC falls to 1.9%, suggesting the existence of only very small stratum specific interaction effects. We confirm the existence of a socioeconomic gradient in BMI. Compared with traditional analyses, the intersectional MAIHDA approach provides a better mapping of socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in BMI. Because of the moderate clustering, public health policies aiming to reduce BMI in Spain should not solely focus on the intersectional strata with the highest BMI, but should also consider whole population polices.
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| 24. |
- Ivert, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Does country-level gender equality explain individual risk of intimate partner violence against women? A multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) in the European Union
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 30:2, s. 293-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender equality is widely accepted as an important explanatory factor for the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. However, the relationship is not straightforward, as high country-level gender equality is not always associated with lower IPV prevalence. We apply 'multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy' (MAIHDA) to (i) quantify the extent to which the country of residence determines individual risk of IPV and (ii) investigate the association between country-level gender equality and individual experience of IPV, and to which extent this association explains the observed between-country differences. Using data from the 2012 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights survey on violence against women we applied MAIHDA to analyse experiences of physical and sexual IPV among 42 000 women living in the EU. We fitted three consecutive models, and calculated specific individual contextual effects (measures of association) as well as the general contextual effects (measures of variance) and the discriminatory accuracy (DA). Our findings show that the relationship between experiences of IPV and country-level gender equality is weak and heterogeneous. The general contextual effect is small and the DA is low, indicating that country boundaries are rather irrelevant for understanding the individual risk of IPV. Findings from the present study do not imply that that gender equality is unimportant in relation to IPV, but rather that information on country of residence or country-level gender equality does not discriminate very well with regards to individual experiences of IPV in cross-national comparisons.
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| 25. |
- Ivert, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Intimate partner violence and the Nordic paradox
- 2019
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Ingår i: Presented at Violence regimes: Conceptualisations, contestations, challenges.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is a major public health problem in countries aroundthe world, including the Nordic region. Contrary to what would be expected, as the Nordic countries arerated among the most gender equal in the world, survey data suggests that the lifetime prevalence ratesof IPVAW in Sweden and neighboring Nordic countries are among the highest in the EU. Within thescope of our research project we explore this apparent Nordic paradox by using a combination ofquantitative and qualitative methods, with a special focus on Sweden and Spain. Findings from the firststudies indicate that the higher prevalence of IPVAW in Sweden than in Spain are not the result ofmeasurement bias, and thus support the idea of the Nordic paradox. However, multilevel analysis showsthat while significant differences in country averages exist with regard to IPVAW, country of residencedoes not discriminate very well with regards to individual experiences of IPVAW in cross-nationalcomparisons. The relationship between experiences of IPVAW and country-level gender equality isweak and heterogeneous. Meanwhile, review studies of qualitative Nordic research on IPVAW, and ofother research on IPVAW in Sweden, point not only to advancements made but also to remaininglimitations and challenges in prevention an addressing of IPVAW in Sweden.
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