| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Gao, Xiang, et al.
(författare)
-
Planting Age Identification and Yield Prediction of Apple Orchard Using Time-Series Spectral Endmember and Logistic Growth Model
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Remote Sensing. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-4292. ; 15:3, s. 642-642
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to significant shifts in dietary and lifestyle preferences, the global demand for fruits has increased dramatically, especially for apples, which are consumed worldwide. Growing apple orchards of more productive and higher quality with limited land resources is the way forward. Precise planting age identification and yield prediction are indispensable for the apple market in terms of sustainable supply, price regulation, and planting management. The planting age of apple trees significantly determines productivity, quality, and yield. Therefore, we integrated the time-series spectral endmember and logistic growth model (LGM) to accurately identify the planting age of apple orchard, and we conducted planting age-driven yield prediction using a neural network model. Firstly, we fitted the time-series spectral endmember of green photosynthetic vegetation (GV) with the LGM. By using the four-points method, the environmental carrying capacity (ECC) in the LGM was available, which serves as a crucial parameter to determine the planting age. Secondly, we combined annual planting age with historical apple yield to train the back propagation (BP) neural network model and obtained the predicted apple yields for 12 counties. The results show that the LGM method can accurately estimate the orchard planting age, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) being 1.76 and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) being 2.24. The strong correlation between orchard planting age and apple yield was proved. The results of planting age-driven yield prediction have high accuracy, with the MAE up to 2.95% and the RMSE up to 3.71%. This study provides a novel method to accurately estimate apple orchard planting age and yields, which can support policy formulation and orchard planning in the future.
|
|
| 7. |
- Han, Lei, et al.
(författare)
-
Two Isomeric Magnesium Metal-Organic Frameworks with [24-MC-6] Metallacrown Cluster
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 13:5, s. 1807-1811
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two novel Mg-based metal-organic framework isomers with the formula [Mg-2(HCO2)(2)(NH2-BDC)-(DMF)(2)](n) (NH2-BDC = 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) have been synthesized based on a 6-connected [24-MC-6] metallacrown secondary building unit (SBU), which display a two-dimensional (2D) 3(6) net (1) and three-dimensional primitive rhombohedral net (2) derived from a different extended orientation of SBU, respectively. The 2D framework of 1 exhibits relevant thermal stability, solvents stability, high CO2 adsorption, and strong luminescent properties.
|
|
| 8. |
- Huang, Joyce Y., et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating markers of cellular immune activation in prediagnostic blood sample and lung cancer risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 146:9, s. 2394-2405
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-mediated immune suppression may play an important role in lung carcinogenesis. We investigated the associations for circulating levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (KTR), quinolinic acid (QA) and neopterin as markers of immune regulation and inflammation with lung cancer risk in 5,364 smoking-matched case-control pairs from 20 prospective cohorts included in the international Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. All biomarkers were quantified by mass spectrometry-based methods in serum/plasma samples collected on average 6 years before lung cancer diagnosis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer associated with individual biomarkers were calculated using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for circulating cotinine. Compared to the lowest quintile, the highest quintiles of kynurenine, KTR, QA and neopterin were associated with a 20-30% higher risk, and tryptophan with a 15% lower risk of lung cancer (all p(trend) < 0.05). The strongest associations were seen for current smokers, where the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of lung cancer for the highest quintile of KTR, QA and neopterin were 1.42 (1.15-1.75), 1.42 (1.14-1.76) and 1.45 (1.13-1.86), respectively. A stronger association was also seen for KTR and QA with risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma, and for lung cancer diagnosed within the first 2 years after blood draw. This study demonstrated that components of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway with immunomodulatory effects are associated with risk of lung cancer overall, especially for current smokers. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of these biomarkers in lung carcinogenesis and progression.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 10. |
- Li, Gui-Lan, et al.
(författare)
-
Open-closed conformational change revealed by the crystal structures of 3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase from Streptococcus mutans
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 381:3, s. 33-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase (KGPDC) catalyses the decarboxylation of 3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate to L-xylulose in the presence of magnesium ions. The enzyme is involved in L-ascorbate metabolism and plays an essential role in the pathway of glucuronate interconversion. Crystal structures of Streptococcus mutans KGPDC were determined in the absence and presence of the product analog D-ribulose 5-phosphate. We have observed an 8 A alphaB-helix movement and other structural rearrangements around the active site between the apo-structures and product analog bound structure. These drastic conformational changes upon ligand binding are the first observation of this kind for the KGPDC family. The flexibilities of both the alpha-helix lid and the side chains of Arg144 and Arg197 are associated with substrate binding and product releasing. The open-closed conformational changes of the active site, through the movements of the alpha-helix lid and the arginine residues are important for substrate binding and catalysis.
|
|
| 11. |
- Smith, Amber R., et al.
(författare)
-
Tumor suppressive microRNA-137 negatively regulates Musashi-1 and colorectal cancer progression
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : IMPACT JOURNALS LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 6:14, s. 12558-12573
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stem cell marker, Musashi-1 (MSI1) is over-expressed in many cancer types; however the molecular mechanisms involved in MSI1 over-expression are not well understood. We investigated the microRNA (miRNA) regulation of MSI1 and the implications this regulation plays in colorectal cancer. MicroRNA miR-137 was identified as a MSI1-targeting microRNA by immunoblotting and luciferase reporter assays. MSI1 protein was found to be highly expressed in 79% of primary rectal tumors (n=146), while miR-137 expression was decreased in 84% of the rectal tumor tissues (n=68) compared to paired normal mucosal samples. In addition to reduced MSI1 protein, exogenous expression of miR-137 inhibited cell growth, colony formation, and tumorsphere growth of colon cancer cells. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that induction of miR-137 can decrease growth of human colon cancer xenografts. Our results demonstrate that miR-137 acts as a tumor-suppressive miRNA in colorectal cancers and negatively regulates oncogenic MSI1.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Wang, Kai-Tuo, et al.
(författare)
-
Structure of the bifunctional methyltransferase YcbY (RlmKL) that adds the m7G2069 and m2G2445 modifications in Escherichia coli 23S rRNA
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962 .- 0305-1048. ; 40:11, s. 48-5138
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 23S rRNA nucleotide m(2)G2445 is highly conserved in bacteria, and in Escherichia coli this modification is added by the enzyme YcbY. With lengths of around 700 amino acids, YcbY orthologs are the largest rRNA methyltransferases identified in Gram-negative bacteria, and they appear to be fusions from two separate proteins found in Gram-positives. The crystal structures described here show that both the N- and C-terminal halves of E. coli YcbY have a methyltransferase active site and their folding patterns respectively resemble the Streptococcus mutans proteins Smu472 and Smu776. Mass spectrometric analyses of 23S rRNAs showed that the N-terminal region of YcbY and Smu472 are functionally equivalent and add the m(2)G2445 modification, while the C-terminal region of YcbY is responsible for the m(7)G2069 methylation on the opposite side of the same helix (H74). Smu776 does not target G2069, and this nucleotide remains unmodified in Gram-positive rRNAs. The E.coli YcbY enzyme is the first example of a methyltransferase catalyzing two mechanistically different types of RNA modification, and has been renamed as the Ribosomal large subunit methyltransferase, RlmKL. Our structural and functional data provide insights into how this bifunctional enzyme evolved.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Brostromer, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Solid-liquid interface method (SLIM) : a new crystallization method for proteins
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 386:4, s. 8-634
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite impressive advances in theories, methods and technologies, crystallization still remains a serious bottleneck in structural determination of macromolecules. Here we present a novel solid-liquid interface method (SLIM) for protein crystallization, based on the pre-adding and drying of a crystallization reagent, and thereafter the dispensing of a protein solution to the dried media to initiate crystallization from the solid-liquid interface. Not only quick and easy to perform, the method also allows for a less concentrated protein solution for setting up crystallization trials.
|
|
| 16. |
- Byun, Jinyoung, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Research. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:8, s. 1167-1177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
|
|
| 17. |
- Deng, Liying, et al.
(författare)
-
KCl acts as a flux to assist the growth of sub-millimeter-scale metallic 2D non-layered molybdenum dioxide
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Rare Metals. - 1001-0521 .- 1867-7185. ; In Press
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides (2DMOs), such as MoO2, have made impressive strides in recent years, and their applicability in a number of fields such as electronic devices, optoelectronic devices and lasers has been demonstrated. However, 2DMOs present challenges in their synthesis using conventional methods due to their non-van der Waals nature. We report that KCl acts as a flux to prepare large-area 2DMOs with sub-millimeter scale. We systematically investigate the effects of temperature, homogeneous time and cooling rate on the products in the flux method, demonstrating that in this reaction a saturated homogenous solution is obtained upon the melting of the salt and precursor. Afterward, the cooling rate was adjusted to regulate the thickness of the target crystals, leading to the precipitation of 2D non-layered material from the supersaturated solution; by applying this method, the highly crystalline non-layered 2D MoO2 flakes with so far the largest lateral size of up to sub-millimeter scale (~ 464 μm) were yielded. Electrical studies have revealed that the 2D MoO2 features metallic properties, with an excellent sheet resistance as low as 99 Ω·square−1 at room temperature, and exhibits a property of charge density wave in the measurement of resistivity as a function of temperature. Graphical abstract: TOC (Table of Content) (Figure presented.)
|
|
| 18. |
- Ding, Jun-Li, et al.
(författare)
-
Attenuation of Acute Pancreatitis by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α in Rats: The Effect on Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. - 0885-3177 .- 1536-4828. ; 42:1, s. 114-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) has attracted considerable attention for its anti-inflammatory properties; however, Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways have an essential proinflammatory role in acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to evaluate the attenuation of inflammation by PPAR-α and to investigate the interaction between PPAR-α and TLR pathways in AP.Methods: Acute pancreatitis was induced in rats by administration of cerulein. The PPAR-α agonist WY14643 and/or antagonist MK886 was administered. The severity of AP was determined by measuring serum amylase, lipase, Ca2+, pathological changes, myeloperoxidase activity, serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The TLR2 and TLR4 messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteins were determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The mRNA expressions of target molecules of TLR pathways, including IL-6, IL-10, ICAM-1, and tumor necrosis factor α were also measured.Results: Treatment with WY14643 significantly decreased amylase, lipase, myeloperoxidase activity, pathological scores, IL-6, and ICAM-1 levels. The TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and proteins were markedly decreased after treatment with WY14643, along with IL-6, ICAM-1, and tumor necrosis factor α mRNA levels. However, these effects were completely reversed by the coadministration of MK886.Conclusions: Activation of PPAR-α played a protective role in AP, partially mediated by modulation of TLR pathways.
|
|
| 19. |
- Fanidi, Anouar, et al.
(författare)
-
Circulating Folate, Vitamin B6, and Methionine in Relation to Lung Cancer Risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3)
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 110:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Circulating concentrations of B vitamins and factors related to one-carbon metabolism have been found to be strongly inversely associated with lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The extent to which these associations are present in other study populations is unknown.Methods: Within 20 prospective cohorts from the National Cancer Institute Cohort Consortium, a nested case-control study was designed including 5364 incident lung cancer case patients and 5364 control subjects who were individually matched to case patients by age, sex, cohort, and smoking status. Centralized biochemical analyses were performed to measure circulating concentrations of vitamin B6, folate, and methionine, as well as cotinine as an indicator of recent tobacco exposure. The association between these biomarkers and lung cancer risk was evaluated using conditional logistic regression models.Results: Participants with higher circulating concentrations of vitamin B6 and folate had a modestly decreased risk of lung cancer risk overall, the odds ratios when comparing the top and bottom fourths (OR 4vs1 ) being 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78 to 1.00) and 0.86 (95% CI = 0.74 to 0.99), respectively. We found stronger associations among men (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.89; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.93) and ever smokers (vitamin B6: OR 4vs1 = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67 to 0.91; folate: OR 4vs1 = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.73 to 1.03). We further noted that the association of folate was restricted to Europe/Australia and Asia, whereas no clear association was observed for the United States. Circulating concentrations of methionine were not associated with lung cancer risk overall or in important subgroups.Conclusions: Although confounding by tobacco exposure or reverse causation cannot be ruled out, these study results are compatible with a small decrease in lung cancer risk in ever smokers who avoid low concentrations of circulating folate and vitamin B6.
|
|
| 20. |
- Fanidi, Anouar, et al.
(författare)
-
Is high vitamin B12 status a cause of lung cancer?
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 145:6, s. 1499-1503
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vitamin B supplementation can have side effects for human health, including cancer risk. We aimed to elucidate the role of vitamin B12 in lung cancer etiology via direct measurements of pre‐diagnostic circulating vitamin B12 concentrations in a nested case–control study, complemented with a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach in an independent case–control sample. We used pre‐diagnostic biomarker data from 5183 case–control pairs nested within 20 prospective cohorts, and genetic data from 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. Exposures included directly measured circulating vitamin B12 in pre‐diagnostic blood samples from the nested case–control study, and 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin B12 concentrations in the MR study. Our main outcome of interest was increased risk for lung cancer, overall and by histological subtype, per increase in circulating vitamin B12 concentrations. We found circulating vitamin B12 to be positively associated with overall lung cancer risk in a dose response fashion (odds ratio for a doubling in B12 [ORlog2B12] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.06–1.25). The MR analysis based on 8 genetic variants also indicated that genetically determined higher vitamin B12 concentrations were positively associated with overall lung cancer risk (OR per 150 pmol/L standard deviation increase in B12 [ORSD] = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.00–1.16). Considering the consistency of these two independent and complementary analyses, these findings support the hypothesis that high vitamin B12 status increases the risk of lung cancer.
|
|
| 21. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(författare)
-
DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
|
|
| 22. |
- Gulley, James L., et al.
(författare)
-
Dual inhibition of TGF-beta and PD-L1 : a novel approach to cancer treatment
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Molecular Oncology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1574-7891 .- 1878-0261. ; 16:11, s. 2117-2134
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) initiate signaling pathways with complementary, nonredundant immunosuppressive functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, dysregulated TGF-beta signaling suppresses antitumor immunity and promotes cancer fibrosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Meanwhile, PD-L1 expression inactivates cytotoxic T cells and restricts immunosurveillance in the TME. Anti-PD-L1 therapies have been approved for the treatment of various cancers, but TGF-beta signaling in the TME is associated with resistance to these therapies. In this review, we discuss the importance of the TGF-beta and PD-L1 pathways in cancer, as well as clinical strategies using combination therapies that block these pathways separately or approaches with dual-targeting agents (bispecific and bifunctional immunotherapies) that may block them simultaneously. Currently, the furthest developed dual-targeting agent is bintrafusp alfa. This drug is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein that consists of the extracellular domain of the TGF-beta RII receptor (a TGF-beta 'trap') fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody blocking PD-L1. Given the immunosuppressive effects of the TGF-beta and PD-L1 pathways within the TME, colocalized and simultaneous inhibition of these pathways may potentially improve clinical activity and reduce toxicity.
|
|
| 23. |
- Hao, Manzhao, et al.
(författare)
-
Corticomuscular transmission of tremor signals by propriospinal neurons in Parkinson's disease.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 8:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cortical oscillatory signals of single and double tremor frequencies act together to cause tremor in the peripheral limbs of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). But the corticospinal pathway that transmits the tremor signals has not been clarified, and how alternating bursts of antagonistic muscle activations are generated from the cortical oscillatory signals is not well understood. This paper investigates the plausible role of propriospinal neurons (PN) in C3-C4 in transmitting the cortical oscillatory signals to peripheral muscles. Kinematics data and surface electromyogram (EMG) of tremor in forearm were collected from PD patients. A PN network model was constructed based on known neurophysiological connections of PN. The cortical efferent signal of double tremor frequencies were integrated at the PN network, whose outputs drove the muscles of a virtual arm (VA) model to simulate tremor behaviors. The cortical efferent signal of single tremor frequency actuated muscle spindles. By comparing tremor data of PD patients and the results of model simulation, we examined two hypotheses regarding the corticospinal transmission of oscillatory signals in Parkinsonian tremor. Hypothesis I stated that the oscillatory cortical signals were transmitted via the mono-synaptic corticospinal pathways bypassing the PN network. The alternative hypothesis II stated that they were transmitted by way of PN multi-synaptic corticospinal pathway. Simulations indicated that without the PN network, the alternating burst patterns of antagonistic muscle EMGs could not be reliably generated, rejecting the first hypothesis. However, with the PN network, the alternating burst patterns of antagonist EMGs were naturally reproduced under all conditions of cortical oscillations. The results suggest that cortical commands of single and double tremor frequencies are further processed at PN to compute the alternating burst patterns in flexor and extensor muscles, and the neuromuscular dynamics demonstrated a frequency dependent damping on tremor, which may prevent tremor above 8 Hz to occur.
|
|
| 24. |
- He, Li, et al.
(författare)
-
Evolutionary origin and establishment of a dioecious diploid-tetraploid complex
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 32:11, s. 2732-2749
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyploids recurrently emerge in angiosperms, but most polyploids are likely to go extinct before establishment due to minority cytotype exclusion, which may be specifically a constraint for dioecious plants. Here we test the hypothesis that a stable sex-determination system and spatial/ecological isolation facilitate the establishment of dioecious polyploids. We determined the ploidy levels of 351 individuals from 28 populations of the dioecious species Salix polyclona, and resequenced 190 individuals of S. polyclona and related taxa for genomic diversity analyses. The ploidy survey revealed a frequency 52% of tetraploids in S. polyclona, and genomic k-mer spectra analyses suggested an autopolyploid origin for them. Comparisons of diploid male and female genomes identified a female heterogametic sex-determining factor on chromosome 15, which probably also acts in the dioecious tetraploids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed two diploid clades and a separate clade/grade of tetraploids with a distinct geographic distribution confined to western and central China, where complex mountain systems create higher levels of environmental heterogeneity. Fossil-calibrated phylogenies showed that the polyploids emerged during 7.6–2.3 million years ago, and population demographic histories largely matched the geological and climatic history of the region. Our results suggest that inheritance of the sex-determining system from the diploid progenitor as intrinsic factor and spatial isolation as extrinsic factor may have facilitated the preservation and establishment of polyploid dioecious populations.
|
|
| 25. |
- Huang, Tao, et al.
(författare)
-
Uplink Tx Switching Application Optimization Based on XGBoost Algorithm
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. - Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore. - 1876-1119 .- 1876-1100. ; 996 LNEE, s. 1121-1129
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uplink Tx Switching is an important technology in multi-frequency cooperation, which can effectively improve the uplink capacity of the network by switching the uplink transmitting antenna of the terminal to realize the time-division uplink transmission of two carriers. The paper analyzes the technical principle and implementation of Uplink Tx Switching and compares the characteristics of SUL-based and UL CA-based schemes. Then it introduces an intelligent scheme to turn on Uplink Tx Switching when uplink capacity enhancement is required. The paper uses XGBoost Model to predict the uplink PRB utilization of the serving carriers when the uplink PRB utilization of the serving carrier is higher than the threshold, the target station turns on Uplink Tx Switching while the secondary carrier selection is also based on the uplink PRB utilization of the candidate carriers. Finally, the validity of XGBoost prediction is verified by the actual operation data in Hangzhou.
|
|
