| 1. |
- Cao, Xianyong, et al.
(författare)
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Pollen-based quantitative land-cover reconstruction for northern Asia covering the last 40 ka cal BP
- 2019
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus Gesellschaft MBH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 15:4, s. 1503-1536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We collected the available relative pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) for 27 major pollen taxa from Eurasia and applied them to estimate plant abundances during the last 40 ka cal BP (calibrated thousand years before present) using pollen counts from 203 fossil pollen records in northern Asia (north of 40 degrees N). These pollen records were organized into 42 site groups and regional mean plant abundances calculated using the REVEALS (Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites) model. Time-series clustering, constrained hierarchical clustering, and detrended canonical correspondence analysis were performed to investigate the regional pattern, time, and strength of vegetation changes, respectively. Reconstructed regional plant functional type (PFT) components for each site group are generally consistent with modern vegetation in that vegetation changes within the regions are characterized by minor changes in the abundance of PFTs rather than by an increase in new PFTs, particularly during the Holocene. We argue that pollen-based REVEALS estimates of plant abundances should be a more reliable reflection of the vegetation as pollen may overestimate the turnover, particularly when a high pollen producer invades areas dominated by low pollen producers. Comparisons with vegetation-independent climate records show that climate change is the primary factor driving land-cover changes at broad spatial and temporal scales. Vegetation changes in certain regions or periods, however, could not be explained by direct climate change, e.g. inland Siberia, where a sharp increase in evergreen conifer tree abundance occurred at ca. 7-8 ka cal BP despite an unchanging climate, potentially reflecting their response to complex climate-permafrost-fire-vegetation interactions and thus a possible long-term lagged climate response.
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| 2. |
- Jiang, Fangyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Relative pollen productivities of the major plant taxa of subtropical evergreen-deciduous mixed woodland in China
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Quaternary Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0267-8179 .- 1099-1417. ; 35:4, s. 526-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantifying the relationship between pollen and vegetation is an essential step in the pollen-based quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation cover. In this study, we use the Extended R-Value (ERV) model and a modern dataset of pollen (collected from moss polsters) and related vegetation from 50 sites in the Daba Mountains (subtropical China) to (i) estimate the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) of the moss samples and the relative pollen productivities (RPPs) of nine major plant taxa-characteristic of the region, and (ii) evaluate the obtained RPPs. The RSAP estimates of moss polsters vary between 225 and 610 m depending on the ERV submodels and models of pollen dispersal and deposition used. The RPP estimates are different from values published in previous studies from temperate and subtropical China. This may be explained by differences in methodology, climate and vegetation (species composition and spatial distribution), of which vegetation is probably the most important factor. The ranking of the RPP estimates for the nine taxa is Pinus > Juglandaceae > D - Quercus (deciduous Quercus) > Poaceae > Rosaceae > Cyperaceae > Anacardiaceae > Castanea > Fabaceae. We use a 'leave-one-out' cross-validation strategy and the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) for pollen-based reconstruction of regional and local plant cover to evaluate the ERV model-based RPP estimates. Both the REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites)-based and the LOVE (LOcal Vegetation Estimates)-based plant cover using the RPP estimates are closer to the modern vegetation composition than pollen percentages, thus confirming the applicability of the ERV model and the LRA approach in subtropical China.
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| 3. |
- Johnson, Calvin W., et al.
(författare)
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White paper: From bound states to the continuum
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 47:12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This white paper reports on the discussions of the 2018 Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Theory Alliance (FRIB-TA) topical program ‘From bound states to the continuum: Connecting bound state calculations with scattering and reaction theory’. One of the biggest and most important frontiers in nuclear theory today is to construct better and stronger bridges between bound state calculations and calculations in the continuum, especially scattering and reaction theory, as well as teasing out the influence of the continuum on states near threshold. This is particularly challenging as many-body structure calculations typically use a bound state basis, while reaction calculations more commonly utilize few-body continuum approaches. The many-body bound state and few-body continuum methods use different language and emphasize different properties. To build better foundations for these bridges, we present an overview of several bound state and continuum methods and, where possible, point to current and possible future connections.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Li, Furong, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Relative Pollen Productivity Estimates From Temperate China for Pollen-Based Quantitative Reconstruction of Past Plant Cover
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Model-based quantitative reconstruction of past plant cover in Europe has shown great potential for: (i) testing hypotheses related to Holocene vegetation dynamics, biodiversity, and their relationships with climate and land use; (ii) studying long term interactions between climate and land use. Similar model-based quantitative reconstruction of plant cover in China has been restricted due to the lack of standardized datasets of existing estimates of relative pollen productivity (RPP). This study presents the first synthesis of all RPP values available to date for 39 major plant taxa from temperate China and proposes standardized RPP datasets that can be used for model-based quantitative reconstructions of past plant cover using fossil pollen records for the region. We review 11 RPP studies in temperate China based on modern pollen and related vegetation data around the pollen samples. The study areas include meadow, steppe and desert vegetation, various woodland types, and cultural landscapes. We evaluate the strategies of each study in terms of selection of study areas and distribution of study sites; pollen- and vegetation-data collection in field; vegetation-data collection from satellite images and vegetation maps; and data analysis. We compare all available RPP estimates, select values based on precise rules and calculate mean RPP estimates. We propose two standardized RPP datasets for 31 (Alt1) and 29 (Alt2) plant taxa. The ranking of mean RPPs (Alt-2) relative to Poaceae (= 1) for eight major taxa is: Artemisia (21) > Pinus (18.4) > Betula (12.5) > Castanea (11.5) > Elaeagnaceae (8.8) > Juglans (7.5) > Compositae (4.5) > Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae (4). We conclude that although RPPs are comparable between Europe and China for some genera and families, they can differ very significantly, e.g., Artemisia, Compositae, and Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae. For some taxa, we present the first RPP estimates e.g. Castanea, Elaeagnaceae, and Juglans. The proposed standardized RPP datasets are essential for model-based reconstructions of past plant cover using fossil pollen records from temperate China.
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| 6. |
- Li, Furong, et al.
(författare)
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Modern pollen–€“climate relationships in north Xinjiang, northwestern China : Implications for pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene climate
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Holocene. - : Sage Publications. - 0959-6836 .- 1477-0911. ; 27:7, s. 951-966
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fossil pollen records are widely used to reconstruct past climate. Such reconstructions require that the relationships between pollen assemblages, vegetation, and climate are well understood. These can be studied in present circumstances given we assume that modern vegetation and climate are analogous to past ones. In this study, we analyze pollen–vegetation–climate relationships in the Jungar desert and Altay Mountains, northwestern China, a region for which careful reconstruction of past climate is needed to answer unsolved questions on past climate in an area located at the boundary between two different climate regimes (westerlies and monsoon). We use a dataset of 66 surface pollen samples from forest, meadow, steppe, and desert vegetation and six related climate variables, Tann, TJan, TJul, Pann, PJan, and PJul. Principal components analysis, redundancy analysis, Monte Carlo permutation tests, and variation partitioning are applied to quantify these relationships. We also assess pollen ratios as indices of aridity. We find that (1) Pann is the major climatic factor influencing pollen assemblages, followed by PJul, (2) the two variables are not correlated, and (3) the shared effect of (1) PJan and PJul, (2) PJan and Pann, (3) PJul and Tann, and (4) Tann, TJan, and TJul explains a larger portion of the variation in pollen data than the individual effect of each variable. Therefore, robust pollen–climate transfer functions can be developed for Pann and PJul, and several climate variables treated in combination. Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae is a strong index of aridity and Artemisia/Gramineae might be a useful index of Pann and PJul.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Li, Furong, et al.
(författare)
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Relative pollen productivity estimates for major plant taxa of cultural landscapes in central eastern China
- 2017
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Ingår i: Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. - : Springer. - 0939-6314 .- 1617-6278. ; 26:6, s. 587-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we estimate relative pollen productivity (RPP) for plant taxa characteristic of human-induced vegetation in ancient cultural landscapes of the low mountain ranges of Shandong province in eastern temperate China. RPP estimates are required to achieve pollen-based reconstructions of Holocene plant cover using modelling approaches based on Prentice's and Sugita's theoretical background and models (REVEALS and LOVE). Pollen counts in moss samples and vegetation data from 36 sites were used in the Extended R-Value (ERV) model to estimate the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) of moss polsters and RPP of major plant taxa. The best results were obtained with the ERV sub-model 3 and Prentice's taxon-specific method (using a Gaussian Plume dispersal model) to distance weight vegetation data. RSAP was estimated to 145 m using the maximum likelihood method. RPP was obtained for 18 taxa of which two taxa had unreliable RPP (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae and Vitex negundo). RPPs for Castanea, Cupressaceae, Robinia/Sophora, Aster/Anthemis-type, Cannabis/Humulus, Caryophyllaceae, Brassicaceae and Galium-type are the first ones for China. Trees, except Robinia/Sophora (RPP = 0.78 +/- 0.03) have larger RPPs than herbs other than Artemisia (RPP = 24.7 +/- 0.36). The RPPs for Quercus, Pinus and Artemisia are comparable with other RPPs obtained in China, the RPPs for Pinus, Quercus, Ulmus, Cyperaceae and Galium-type with the mean RPPs obtained in Europe, and RPP for Cupressaceae with that for Juniperus in Europe. The values for Aster/Anthemis-type, Caryophyllaceae, Asteraceae SF Cichorioideae and Juglans differ from the few RPPs available in China and/or Europe.
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| 9. |
- Li, Furong, et al.
(författare)
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Towards quantification of Holocene anthropogenic land-cover change in temperate China : A review in the light of pollen-based REVEALS reconstructions of regional plant cover
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0012-8252 .- 1872-6828. ; 203, s. 1-25
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attempt to quantify Holocene anthropogenic land-cover change in temperate China, we 1) applied the REVEALS model to estimate plant-cover change using 94 pollen records and relative pollen productivity for 27 plant taxa, 2) reviewed earlier interpretation of pollen studies in terms of climate- and human-induced vegetation change, and 3) reviewed information on past land use from archaeological studies. REVEALS achieved a more realistic reconstruction of plant-cover change than pollen percentages in terms of openland versus woodland. The study suggests successive human-induced changes in vegetation cover. The first signs of human-induced land-cover change (crop cultivation, otherwise specified) are found c. 7 ka BP in the temperate deciduous forest, and S and NE Tibetan Plateau (mainly grazing, possibly crop cultivation), 6.5-6 ka BP in the temperate steppe and temperate desert (grazing, uncertain), and 5.5-5 ka BP in the coniferous-deciduous mixed forest, NE subtropical region, and NW Tibetan Plateau (grazing). Further intensification of anthropogenic land-cover change is indicated 5-4.5 ka BP in the E temperate steppe, and S and NE Tibetan Plateau (grazing, cultivation uncertain), 3.5-3 ka BP in S and NE Tibetan Plateau, W temperate steppe, temperate desert (grazing), and NW Tibetan Plateau (probably grazing), and 2.5-2 ka BP in the temperate deciduous forest, N subtropical region, and temperate desert (grazing). These changes generally agree with increased human activity as documented by archaeological studies. REVEALS reconstructions have a stronger potential than biomization to evaluate scenarios of anthropogenic land-cover change such as HYDE, given they are combined with information from archaeological studies.
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| 10. |
- Pan, Dong, et al.
(författare)
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Dimension Engineering of High-Quality InAs Nanostructures on a Wafer Scale
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 19:3, s. 1632-1642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-dimensional narrow-band-gap III-V semiconductors are key building blocks for the next generation of high-performance nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, and quantum devices. Realizing these various applications requires an efficient methodology that enables the material dimensional control during the synthesis process and the mass production of these materials with perfect crystallinity, reproducibility, low cost, and outstanding electronic and optoelectronic properties. Although advances in one- and two-dimensional narrow-band-gap III-V semiconductors synthesis, the progress toward reliable methods that can satisfy all of these requirements has been limited. Here, we demonstrate an approach that provides a precise control of the dimension of InAs from one-dimensional nanowires to wafer-scale free-standing two-dimensional nanosheets, which have a high degree of crystallinity and outstanding electrical and optical properties, using molecular-beam epitaxy by controlling catalyst alloy segregation. In our approach, two-dimensional InAs nanosheets can be obtained directly from one-dimensional InAs nanowires by silver-indium alloy segregation, which is much easier than the previously reported methods, such as the traditional buffering technique and select-area epitaxial growth. Detailed transmission electron microscopy investigations provide solid evidence that the catalyst alloy segregation is the origination of the InAs dimensional transformation from one-dimensional nanowires to two-dimensional nanosheets and even to three-dimensional complex crosses. Using this method, we find that the wafer-scale free-standing InAs nanosheets can be grown on various substrates including Si, MgO, sapphire, GaAs, etc. The InAs nanosheets grown at high temperature are pure-phase single crystals and have a high electron mobility and a long time-resolved terahertz kinetics lifetime. Our work will open up a conceptually new and general technology route toward the effective controlling of the dimension of the low-dimensional III-V semiconductors. It may also enable the low-cost fabrication of free-standing nanosheet-based devices on an industrial scale.
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| 11. |
- Qi, Chong, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Shell-model study of spectroscopies and isospin structures in odd-odd N=Z nuclei employing realistic NN interaction
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 800:1-4, s. 47-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structures of odd-odd N = Z nuclei in the lower fp shell have been investigated with a new microscopic interaction. The interaction is derived from a high-precision charge-dependent Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential using the folded-diagram renormalization method. Reasonable agreements with experimental data have been obtained. Particularly, the relative positions of T = 0 and T = I bands are well reproduced. As examples, the spectroscopies and isospin structures of (46)V and (50)Mn have been discussed in details, with the useful predictions of level structures including electromagnetic properties. Some unique features in these nuclei can be used to increase the understanding of the effective interaction theory. Our calculations show that the realistic effective interaction which is directly related to nucleon-nucleon scattering can give the reasonable descriptions of the collective properties of nuclear many-body system without any empirical modification.
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| 12. |
- Qi, Chong, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Universal Decay Law in Charged-Particle Emission and Exotic Cluster Radioactivity
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 103:7, s. 072501-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A linear universal decay formula is presented starting from the microscopic mechanism of the charged-particle emission. It relates the half-lives of monopole radioactive decays with the Q values of the outgoing particles as well as the masses and charges of the nuclei involved in the decay. This relation is found to be a generalization of the Geiger-Nuttall law in α radioactivity and explains well all known cluster decays. Predictions on the most likely emissions of various clusters are presented.
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| 13. |
- Qiu, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced gut microbiota delivery of a model probiotic (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) : Layer-by-layer encapsulation using riboflavin-conjugated sodium alginate and glycol chitosan
- 2024
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Ingår i: Food Hydrocolloids. - : Elsevier. - 0268-005X .- 1873-7137. ; 154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) exhibits a variety of biological functions that make it suitable for use as a next-generation probiotic. However, its high sensitivity to oxygen and digestive fluids currently limits its application. Riboflavin is known to support the growth of F. prausnitzii in oxygen environments, but it is important that it is in close proximity to the probiotics. Layer-by-layer assembly can be used to form protective coatings around probiotics, which can protect them from adverse environmental conditions. Moreover, riboflavin can be conjugated to these coatings, thereby increasing its efficacy by bringing it close to probiotic surfaces. In this study, we therefore evaluated the potential of electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly to protect F. prausnitzii by coating them with riboflavin-alginate and glycol-chitosan layers. Initially, we showed that riboflavin could be successfully conjugated to alginate, with a grafting ratio of around 4.35%. Then, the layer-by-layer method was used to coat F. prausnitzii using cationic glycol chitosan and anionic riboflavin-alginate. The coating formed was found to have a thickness of approximately 18.5 nm. Encapsulation did not adversely affect the growth of F. prausnitzii, but it significantly enhanced its resistance to oxygen and digestive fluids. The encapsulated probiotic was shown to have enhanced mucoadhesive properties using an in vitro intestinal monolayer model. Furthermore, the encapsulated probiotics colonized the colons of rats for longer than nonencapsulated ones. These results show that coating F. prausnitzii with riboflavin-rich biopolymer layers improves its resistance to oxygen and digestive fluids, and enhances its mucoadhesion and colonization properties, which should enhance its potential as an orally administered probiotic.
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| 14. |
- Shen, Shuifa, et al.
(författare)
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STABLE TRIAXIALITY IN GERMANIUM AND SELENIUM ISOTOPES
- 2013
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR STRUCTURE IN CHINA 2012. - : WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD. ; , s. 201-206
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total-Routhian-surface calculations by means of the pairing-deformation-frequency self-consistent cranked shell model have been carried out for germanium and selenium isotopes, in order to search for possible stable triaxial deformations of nuclear states. The triaxiality of vertical bar gamma vertical bar approximate to 30 degrees for the ground and collective rotational states, that is the limit of the maximum triaxiality, is found in Ge-64,Ge-74. The maximum triaxiality has its origin in a triaxial shell gap at Z = 32.
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| 15. |
- Wan, Qiuchi, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating quantitative pollen representation of vegetation in the tropics : A case study on the Hainan Island, tropical China
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - : Elsevier. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 114, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complex pollen-vegetation relationships in tropical environments have long been a challenge for the interpretation of pollen spectra in terms of vegetation cover. Here, we test the application of the widely-used Extended R-Value (ERV) model in the tropical secondary and planted woodlands of the Hainan Island (China) to estimate relative pollen productivities (RPPs) for common plant taxa occurring as pollen in surface and fossil samples of the region. We collected pollen (soil samples) and related vegetation data within 1500 m radius at 23 random distributed sites within an area of 50 km x 100 km. We found a large difference between the modern pollen assemblages and the related vegetation composition in terms of number and dominance of taxa. We tested the three existing ERV sub-models and three methods to distance-weight vegetation cover, i.e. 1/d, the Prentice's model (using a Gaussian Plume dispersal model, GPM), and the Lagrangian stochastic dispersal model (LSM). The LSM appears to be inappropriate for our dataset. The combination of ERV sub-model 2 and Prentice's model using nine anemophilous and zoophilous (or with "messy" pollination syndrome) taxa was found to provide the best results. The relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) of the soil samples was estimated to ca. 1000-1500 m. The ranking of RPPs is as follows: Castanopsis-Lithocarpus (19.44 +/- 0.17) Asteraceae (8.74 +/- 0.05) > Moraceae (6.52 +/- 0.08) > Euphorbiaceae (5.22 +/- 0.1) > Papilionaceae (2.66 +/- 0.05) > Mallotus-Macaranga (2.21 +/- 0.08) > Anacardiaceae (1.77 +/- 0.04) > Rubiaceae (1.29 +/- 0.02) > Poaceae (=1). Violation of the ERV model assumptions of anemophily and stationarity of vegetation composition influenced the performance of the ERV analysis in this study and implied careful evaluation of the results. Nevertheless, the obtained RPPs are considered reliable and will allow to quantify the relative cover of the nine plant taxa in the past. Further studies of this kind will be worthwhile to obtain additional RPP values for a larger number of tropical taxa, even though quantification of past plant cover in the tropics will remain a challenge. The numerous zoophilous taxa may either be absent of the pollen record, or exhibit pollen-vegetation relationships for which the ERV-model is not successful in estimating RPPs. These plant taxa will require other approaches for their quantification in the past.
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| 16. |
- Xu, Qinghai, et al.
(författare)
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Studies of modern pollen assemblages for pollen dispersal- deposition- preservation process understanding and for pollen-based reconstructions of past vegetation, climate, and human impact : A review based on case studies in China
- 2016
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Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 149, s. 151-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fossil pollen, as a direct proxy record of past vegetation, and indirect proxy record of past climate, plays an essential role in revealing and reconstructing past vegetation and climate. However, relationships between pollen, vegetation and climate are not linear, hence quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation and climate based on pollen records are not straightforward, and results may be highly contradictory and difficult to interpret. One of the main causes of discrepancies between results has been the lack of comprehensive and systematical studies on modern pollen dispersal and deposition processes, particularly on the quantification of these processes. Based on empirical studies performed in China over the last 30 years, this paper provides the state-of-the-art of the understanding of pollen dispersal and deposition processes in China and the remaining questions to be investigated. We show that major progress has been achieved in the study of modern pollen dispersal and deposition processes, and in the application of models of the pollen-vegetation-climate relationships for quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation and climate. However, several issues are not entirely solved or understood yet, such as how to quantify the reworking and re-deposition of pollen grains in quaternary alluvial sediments, the influence of pollen preservation on pollen assemblages, and human impact on vegetation. Even so, the progress made during the last decades makes it possible to achieve significantly more precise and informative reconstructions of past vegetation, land-use and climate in China than was possible earlier.
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| 17. |
- Yu, Zhang, et al.
(författare)
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Distinction between bacterial and viral infections by serum measurement of human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) and the impact of antibody selection
- 2016
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Ingår i: JIM - Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1759 .- 1872-7905. ; 432, s. 82-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distinction between acute infections of bacterial or viral causes is clinically important, but often very difficult even for experienced doctors. Previous studies indicated that serum measurements of HNL (Human Neutrophil Lipocalin) might be a superior diagnostic means in this regard, but also indicated that the antibody conformation of the HNL assay might have an impact on the diagnostic performance. The aim of the present report was to examine this further. Methods: Several different (n = 24) HNL ELISA assays were developed using different combinations of monoclonal and polyclonal HNL antibodies. Sera were collected from healthy persons (n = 188) and from 155 patients with acute infections.before any antibiotics treatment. The patients were diagnosed as having bacterial (n = 69) or viral causes (n = 86) of their infections. Plasma and serum were also examined by Western blotting using HNL-specific polyclonal antibodies. Results: The optimal assay format for the distinction between bacterial and viral infection resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AuROC) for S-HNL of 0.98. (95% CI 0.94-1.00) as compared to 0.83 (0.76-0.88) for blood neutrophil counts and 0.69 (0.61-0.76) for S-CRP. Results also showed that different assay formats of HNL identified monomeric and dimeric HNL differently, the monomeric HNL being elevated in viral infections and the dimeric HNL being elevated in bacterial infections. Conclusion: We conclude that serum theasurement of HNL is a superior diagnostic means to distinguish between acute infections caused by bacteria or virus. For optimal clinical performance the immunoassay should address conformational epitopes in the dimeric HNL.
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| 18. |
- Yuan, Cenxi, et al.
(författare)
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Mirror energy difference and the structure of loosely bound proton-rich nuclei around A=20
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:4, s. 044327-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The properties of loosely bound proton-rich nuclei around A = 20 are investigated within the framework of the nuclear shell model. In these nuclei, the strength of the effective interactions involving the loosely bound proton s(1/2) orbit is significantly reduced in comparison with that of those in their mirror nuclei. We evaluate the reduction of the effective interaction by calculating the monopole-based-universal interaction (V-MU) in the Woods-Saxon basis. The shell-model Hamiltonian in the sd shell, such as USD, can thus be modified to reproduce the binding energies and energy levels of the weakly bound proton-rich nuclei around A = 20. The effect of the reduction of the effective interaction on the structure and decay properties of these nuclei is also discussed.
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